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Buffalo Means Business 
THE 

Index Guide to Buffalo 

AND NIAGARA FALLS 



ARRANGED ALFABETICALLY 



BY 

FREDERIK ATHERTON FERNALD 

Formerly Editor of Appletons' Dictionary of Ne^iv York 



WITH MAP AND ILLUSTRATIONS 

Copyright, 1910 



BUFFALO, N. Y. 

FREDERIK A. FERNALD 

I9IO 




THE McKlNLEY MONUMENT.'.in Niagara Square 



G!.A2650S: 



HOW TO USE THE INDEX GUIDE 



The object of this book is to guide visitors to all places in Buffalo 
and vicinity and at Niagara Falls that they may desire to reach, either 
for business or pleasure. Its alfabetical arrangement, making an index 
and table of contents unneecessarj'-, is by far the best for ready refer- 
ence, but the stranger in Buffalo, unacquainted with the names of the 
city's interesting features, needs to be told what to look for. The article 
on Seeing Buffalo is the one that he should read first. Then under such 
general headings as Hotels, Parks, Summer Resorts, the various denomin- 
ations of Churches, Art, Monuments, Museums, Music, Theaters, etc., will 
be found lists of those places and institutions, many of which are fully 
described under their own names. Visitors desiring to see the spots 
associated with stirring events of the past will be directed to them by 
the article on Historic Sites. When a suburban place is described, the 
railroad or electric line by which it can be reached and the distance and 
fare are always given. The article Railroads tells at what depot trains 
arrive and depart on all the roads entering Buffalo, where their uptown 
ticket offices and where their freight offices are. The articles on Street 
Railways and Steamboats give similar information as to the electric lines 
and the passenger steamers. Furthermore, the many beautiful engravings 
in this guide make it a delightful souvenir. 

Under Niagara Falls and Niagara Gorge visitors will find complete 
directions for seeing the wonders of the Falls and the scenery along the 
lower river. The two cities of Niagara Falls, on the American and Cana- 
dian sides of the river are also fully described. 

To the new resident who has come to make his home in Buffalo, 
this guide has a value in addition to its usefulness to the transient visitor. 
He needs to learn quickly how to get about the city without loss of time, 
what Banks, Express Offices, and Post Office stations there are, what 
Schools, Public and Private, how and when to transact his business with 
the City departments, and what Political Divisions he lives in. 

8 



Many an old resident does not know his own city 'well, for new 
things are constantly coming up outside the beaten track of his daily 
routine, and old things are frequently changing. For their own infor- 
mation and in order to be prepared to show visiting friends about the 
City, every family that has grown up from childhood here should have 
this book. 

Most of us who accomplish creditable things build more or less upon 
a foundation of others' work, and I cheerfully acknowledge indettedness 
to my predecessors, Dr. A. B. Floyd, author of Ins and Outs of Buffalo, 
(1901), and C. J. Pilkey, whose guide books aided me materially in be- 
coming acquainted with Buffalo. The City Directory, the Evening News 
History of Buffalo, and the new Erie County Atlas have also furnisht 
information. Concerning Niagara Falls I have learnd much from the 
historical and descriptive book on Niagara, written about ten years ago, 
loy the Hon. Peter A. Porter, also from the compact little pamflet of 
C. E. Burk, and the guide publisht bj^ the Niagara Courier. I expect 
that future compilers will make similar use of my book, and they will 
find in it plenty of first hand information that I have personally collected 
and digested. I also wish to thank the officers of many institutions, so- 
cieties and mercantile companies, who have furnisht information when 
applied to. Any other persons who can supply particulars that should 
be included in this Guide, are invited to send the material at once for 
another edition that I hope will be calld for before long. 

Many of the simplifications in spelling recommended by the Sim- 
plified Spelling Board are used in this book. Where scholars like Thomas 
R. Lounsbury, Francis A, March, Andrew D. "White and Sir James Mur- 
ray and men of affairs like Andrew Carnegie, Theodore Roosevelt, Ly- 
man J, Gage and the late Justice David J. Brewer dare to lead, I dare 
to follow. 

FREDERIK A. FERNALD. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



Page. 

THE McKINLEY MONUMENT 2 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 
STORES OF THE ADAM, MEL- 
DRUM & ANDERSON CO 6 

THE ALBRIGHT ART GALLERY . . 8 
THE AUDITORIUM BUILDING... 11 

BEDELL HOUSE 16 

A STATION OF THE BELL TELE- 
PHONE SYSTEM 18 

BASCULE BRIDGE AT MICHIGAN 

STREET 20 

MiMN STREET FROM SHELTON 

SQUARE 23 

BUFFALO HISTORICAL SOCIETY 

BUILDING 26 

BUFFALO MILL SUPPLY COM- 
PANY'S STORE 27 

BUFFALO PUBLIC LIBRARY AND 

SOLDIERS' MONUMENT 28 

NEW BUILDING FOR CANISIUS 

COLLEGE 33 

CHXMBER OF COMMERCE BUILD- 
ING 37 

CHILDREN BATHING AT CRADLE 

BEACH 39 

CITY AND COUNTY HALL. ...... 45 

FOUR BUFFALO CLUB HOUSES: 
Twentieth Centiiry, University, 

Country and Buffalo Yacht 47 

CONTENTION HALL 49 

THE BUFFALO CREMATORY .50 

LAKE IN DELAWARE PARK 52 

THE 1812 BOULDER ON THE 

PARK MEADOW 54 

FEDERAL BUILDING 62 

THE DEPARTMENT STORE OF 

FLINT & KENT 65 

RED JACKET MONUMENT 67 

SCENES AT FORT PORTER 69 

UNVEILING OF THE TABLET AT 

FORT TOMPKINS 71 

BUILDING OF THE FRONTIER 

TELEPHONE SYSTEM 73 

GROSVENOR LIBRARY 75 

THE WILKESON HOUSE 78 

RESIDENCE OF MR. JOHN C. 

GLENNY 80 

PART OF THE STATE HOSPITAL 

BUILDINGS 82 

CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 84 

HUYLER'S DOWN TOWN STORE. 87 

INDIAN MISSION HOUSE 89 

STORE OF THE IROQUOIS RUB- 
BER CO 90 

IROQUOIS HOTEL 91 

TEMPLE BETH ZION 93 

LAFAYETTE HOTEL 95 

THE LENOX HOTEL 98 

THE BARTON-WHEELER HOUSE 
AT LEWISTON 100 



Page. 

LAFAYETTE SQUARE AND THE 

BRISBANE BUILDING 107 

MILLER'S SILK SHOP 107 

GEO. E. MORE'S HATTERIE AND 

FURRIERIE 109 

D. S. MORGAN BUILDING Ill 

MUTUAL LIFE BUILDING 113 

65th REGIMENT ARMORY 115 

74th REGIMENT ARMORY 117 

PANORAMA OF NIAGARA FALLS. 119 

THE AMERICAN FALL 121 

NIAGARA FALLS IN WINTER 123 

A POWER HOUSE OF THE NIAG- 
ARA FALLS POWER CO 131 

THE HORSESHOE FALL 135 

THE NIAGARA WHIRLPOOL 137 

BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF THE NICH- 
OLS' SCfiOOL GROUNDS 139 

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL IN BUF- 
FALO 140 

GENERATING STATION, ONTARIO 

POWER CO 143 

THE PEOPLES BANK 147 

PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIO OF 

FREDERICK POHLE 148 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 153 

ST JOSEPH'S CATHEDRAL 158 

ST. JOSEPH'S COLLEGIATE IN- 
STITUTE 159 

ST PAUL'S CHURCH 161 

MASTEN PARK HIGH SCHOOL... 164 

LAFAYETTE HIGH SCHOOL 165 

RECEPTION ROOM OF THE SE- 
CURITY SAFE DEPOSIT CO 167 

ENTRANCE TO MAIN VAULT 167 

CONSERVATORY AT SOUTH PARK 174 
DELAWARE AVENUE AT NORTH 

STREET 181 

LOOKING WEST FROM SHELTON 

SQUARE 195 

TAKING A BUFFALO TAXICAB.. 205 
A CORNER IN THE TECK CAFE . . 205 
UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO, MED- 
ICAL DEPARTMENT 213 

STORE OF THE VOSBURGH & 

WHITING CO 214 

WESTERN SAVINGS BANK 217 

WHITE BUILDING 219 

WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL AND IN- 
DUSTRIAL UNION 221 

Y^OTTNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSO- 
CIATION 222 

YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN AS- 
SOCIATION 223 

BF^R PITS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL 
GARDEN 224 

MAPS. 

THE CITY OF BUFFALO 

BUFFALO AND THE NIAGARA 

FRONTIER 



5 




i"^ 



X 







WHOLESALE AND RETAIL STORES OF ADAM, MELDRUM & ANDERSON CO. 



T:HE 

INDEX GUIDE TO BUFFALO 

AND NIAGARA FALLS 



A 



conjunction with an unlimited pur- 
chasing power enable them to main- 
tain an under-selling supremacy for 

, . ™ 111- superior grades of merchandise, 

Academies.-The schools bearing rpj^^ practice of this store for 

this name m Buffalo are the Aca- ^^^^^.1 j^^jf ^ century has been one 

^r'^^,''i *?^ ^^Zf ^V^^ ' ^^^^ of lionest, straight-forward and 

Mary's Academy Mt Mercy Aca- broad-minded merchandising, with 

demy, and Mt. St Joseph s Aca- ^^^ customer's money promptly 

demy. Holy Angels Academy is now j,^^^^^.^^ -^ ^^^^ f^^.^ ^1^^ wonderful 

a department of D'Youville College. ^h ^nd success accorded ^lis 

(See Schools, Private). business may be attributed chiefly 

Adam, Meldrum & Anderson Co. — to a steadfast policy: the best goods 

Some of the older inhabitants, from the best factories at the lowosc 

familiar with the growth of B\!f possible prices for which such gojiU 

falo's business enterprises, will no <?an be sold. 

dout recall the modest little store Non-residents of Buffalo are 

with a 45-foot frontage by 100-foot assured that every service, curtesy 

depth and 12 employees that made and economy which is extended to 

its home in the American Block 43 customers who regularly visit this 

years ago. It was on March 21st, store is extended with equal prompt- 

1867 that the firm of Adam, Meldrum ^ess to each customer who utilizes 

& Whiting began a business which the convenience and money-saving 

has progrest, ever progrest, until to- advantages of its Mail Order Ser- 

day it stands as a living monument vice. 

to its founders — the greatest whole- The Adam, Meldrum &. Anderson 

sale and Eetail Dry Goods and Car- Co. are known far and near as 

pet Establishment between New ''THE STOEE THAT SEEVES 

York and Chicago. YOU BEST." 

Thru their long establisht for- Akron is a village in the town of 

ein- and New York offices and Newstead, 22 miles northeast of Buf- 

close relation with the leading Euro- falo, on the West Shore railroad, 

pean and American manufacturers Fare, 48c. A sanitarium for mineral 

they enjoy purchasing advantages water baths, a canning factory, stone 

''Second to None." Their exten- quarry and cement, planing and 

sive wholesale and retail outlets in grist mills are located here. 



Albright Art Gallery. — This temple 
of pictorial art stands in Delaware 
park, a short distance from Forest 
av., and overlooking the park lake. 
The palatial building was provided 
thru the munificence of John J. Al- 
bright, of Buffalo, to contain the col- 
lections of the Buffalo Fine Arts 
Academy. It was built in 1900 and 
the art exhibit of the Pan-American 
exhibition was shown in it the next 



at 1 P. M. The free days are Tues- 
day, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday; 
on other days 25c. admission is 
charged. Reached by Elmwood av. 
cars. It is open evenings during cer- 
tain exhibitions, which are an- 
nounced in the newspapers. The 
permanent collection comprises near- 
ly 250 oil paintings, some 30 casts 
from Greek and Roman 'sculptures, 
several marble busts, a historical col- 




THE ALBRIGHT ART GALLERY 



year. It is of white marble, 250 feet 
long, and is the finest example of 
pure Greek architecture to be found 
in America. The gallery is adminis- 
terd by the Academy, which has a 
permanent maintenance fund, and 
the city provided the site on park 
lands and contributes $12,000 a year 
to its expenses, under an agreement 
that it shall be open free to the pub- 
lic four days each week. It is open 
daily from 10 A. M. to 5 P. M. in 
winter and 5.30 in summer, except 
Sunday and Monday, when it opens 



lection of prints including over 200 
examples, nearly 200 etchings by Dr. 
Seymour Haden, an equal number by 
Jacques Callot, over 60 Arundel 
prints, and smaller numbers of minia- 
tures, drawings, medals and other art 
objects. Many loan exhibitions of 
the works of the best artists are also 
given here each year. The gallery 
is visited by about 100,000 persons 
yearly. 

Aldejti is a town of Erie county 
lying east of Lancaster. The Erie, 
Lackawanna and N. Y. Central rail- 



roads have stations in the town, spent wandering thru the various 

Part of it' is incorporated as a vil- rooms. Visitors are always welcome 

lage of the same name. The village and there are curteous attendants 

is 20 miles from Buffalo. Here are to show them about and answer ques- 

the Alden Black Water Baths, rec- tions. 

ommended for rheumatism, gout, A wonderful collection of rare old 

stomach trouble and skin diseases. English Sheffield ware may be seen 

Aldermen.— The board of aldermen ^{''^l^ ^^^/ ^^ curious old mahogany 
of the city of Buffalo consists of 25 ""^f^^ .^""^ cabinets along with old 
members, one elected from each colonial cut g ass, chma bronzes, etc. 
ward for a term of two years. An grandfathers' clocks of the seven- 
alderman must be a resident of the *?^^.^*^ f^^ eighteenth centuries; 
ward that he represents. The board Chippenda e chairs; Sheraton tables; 
meets everv Monday at 2.30 p. m., Hipplewhite siaeboards; stately old 
except in "July and August! See toui--post beds; Forentme mirrors. 
Common Council. ^\^ Antique Shop is nnder the per- 

sonal management of Mr. J. E. 

Ambulances.— An ambulance can Broderick, of Baltimore, Md., one of 

be summond by telephone to take the best known antiquarians in the 

patients to the following hospitals: country. Open daily from 9 to 5 

Emergency, Erie County, Frontier, and evenings by appointment. 

General German, Homeopathic and ^rmor is a locality in the town of 

Eiverside. The surgeon on the am- Hamburg, reached bv Orchard Park 

bulance will have with him mstru- (-.ipc+i-jp cars 

ments and appliances for giving tem- . . r^ ,^ ^ , 

porary relief to injured persons. Armories.— See National Guard. 

Amherst is a town of Erie countv , t^*Tf ^l Albright Art^ Gallery, 

touching Buffalo at the northeast cor- ^^^ St^^d^nts' League, Buffalo Fine 

ner. Williamsville is its principal ^J^l Academy and Buffalo Society 

village. ^ ^ of Artists. 

, . .„ ,, , ^ Art Students' League. — This is a 

Angolaisa village on the shore of ^^^-^^ f^^ promoting education in 
Lake Erie, 22 miles southwest of ^^^ \^ conducts an art school in 
Buffalo reached by the Lake Shore, ^^^ Albright Art Gallery, the year 
Pennsylvania or New York, Chicago running from the last of Septem- 
St. Louis railroad; fare^ 57c., ^^^ ^^-^^^ 1^^^ of Mav, with a sum- 
round tnp $1.05 Also by Buffalo ^^^^ ^^^.^ i^ j^^^e ^^^^ j,,l There 
& Lake Erie electric cars; fare 45c., ^^^ drawing classes for children, 
round trip /5c Running time 62 ^^^^^^^ ^^ le^^^^e,. embossing, bas- 
mmutes. The_ largest of the public ^^^ ^^^ ^^^d weaving, in clay 
summer camping resorts along the modeling, decorative design and 
lake shore is here, and so is Cradle composition, also antique, painting, 
Beach, the summer home^of the Buf- i^f^ and portrait classes. On Satur- 
falo Fresh Air Mission for children, ^^yg ^^^^^ ^tc classes especially for 

The Antique Shop, one of Buffalo's school teachers and pupils. The tui- 

most interesting show places, is tion fees are low and scholarships 

located on Virginia st., between are given to the most promising 

Delaware av. and Convention Hall, students. The president is George 

Elmwood and Hoyt cars stop at the P. Sawyer and the secretary is 

doors. Several hours can be profitably Miss Millie M. Brock. 



Assessment, Department of. — The Shore or Pennsylvania railroad; fare 
board of assessors of the city of Buf- 25e.; round trip 40c. Also by Buf- 
falo consists of 3 members, one of falo & Lake Erie electric cars; fare 
whom is elected in each odd numberd 15c.; round trip 30c. 

year for a term of 6 years. Be>re Auditorium.-This attractive ball 

Jan. 2d m each year, the board must j j- in 

,, 1 4- n room and audience hall, occupying 
prepare the general assessment rolls, ,, x- j.i • t ^ J xt. a ;3- 
which shall then be open to public J^^. entire third floor of the Audi- 
inspection for at least 20 days. Dur- ^^"^^ ^^"!?^^f . ^^ ^.^^P^^^i, *° ^i^^ 
ing such time applications for cor- ^^^^^ 9^. ^^s kind m Buffalo for 
rection may be made. The assessors entertaining purposes. It is with- 
must make anv corrections that they l^ easy access of residents of all sec- 
deem justified^and file a revised copy */«?«, as the Elmwood and West 
of the rolls in the controller's office ^t^^^ street cars pass the doors, and 
on or before Feb. 15. ^^.^ f ^^^S\ ?5 ^^ ^^?- ^r^t^^"" ^^ 
The board also assesses the cost minutes of telefone call. The white 
of local improvements upon the lands "^^Pl^ Aoor measures 40 by 80 feet; 
benefited by them. Eolls for local ^^^^\ ^^'^^^ ^^""^ *« ^t- '"1^' rS^ 
assessments must be open for public ^f ™g Pe^fect ventilation. The 
inspection and subject to correction chandeliers of heavy brass are most 
for 10 days. Notices must be pub- artistic, and the illumination is fur- 
lisht in the official newspaper when- ^^^^^ ^^ 150 incandescent lamps so 
ever rolls are open for inspection, arranged that any effect desirable 
and notices of local assessments must ^f^ ^^^ obtamd. The decorative 
be maild to property owners at their f^^^"^^ ^^^"*^"* }^ ^^^"^ m wa Is of 
last known addresses. !^^^' draperies, hangings and shades 

m red and green, and divans m mis- 
Athletics. — The chief track ath- sion, with leather upholstery, 
letic contests in Buffalo are the in- In conne*ction with the ball room 
door meets held in the armories of are elaborately furnisht reception 
the 65th and 74th Regiments. There parlors, dressing and smoking rooms 
are several each winter, which are at the disposal of lessees, providing 
duly advertised. The four high an ideal rendezvous for dancing 
schools and the Y. M.C. A. also have parties. The stage is 17 by 20 feet, 
teams for track athletics and for and ideally equipt for private theat- 
base ball, foot ball, basket ball, etc. ricals, concerts, conventions, lectures. 
In addition to the facilities afforded musicales and graduating exercises, 
by the above institutions, there are Chairs are furnisht and placed for 
several gymnasiums in the city, all occasions. 

maintaind by societies and by public The AUDITORIUM ANNEX, with 

instructors. Buffalo has a profess- ^ floor space of 40 by 60 feet, is on 

lonal base ball team, which is a mem- the main floor and can be enterd 

ber of the Eastern League, and the either on Elmwood av., or from ball 

American game is m high favor y^om. All woodwork is of dark oak, 

with all classes, from the City ^road design, with green walls and 

fathers down to the '^kids on the trimmings. Heavy chandeliers of ox-i 

• dized copper. Tungsten lamps with 

Athol Springs is a suburban place Tiffany shades, and 50 other lights 

on the shore of Lake Erie, 9 miles artistically placed furnish the il- 

from Buffalo. Reached by Lake lumination. The floor space has ac- 

10 




11 



eommodation for banquets of 130 
covers. The equipment includes a, 
complete kitchen and dining service. 
Patrons can arrange for luncheons 
and dinners of any style. The Annex 
hall is also adapted to use for small 
dancing parties, musieales, literary 
or social meetings, card parties, 
afternoon teas, wedding receptions, 
etc. Management of Arthur J. Funk. 

Aurora is a town of Erie county 
southeast of Buffalo. The Pennsylva- 
nia and Buffalo, Eochester & Pitts- 
burg railroads have stations in the 
town. It contains the village of East 
Aurora. 

Automobiles. — Buffalo is emphatic- 
ally an automobile city. Several of 
the largest factories for building 
motor cars in the country are here, 
the agencies maintaind in this city 
by all the leading companies attest 
the standing of Buffalo as a market, 
and the many miles of asphalt-paved 
streets and macadamized park drives 
make auto driving a pleasure and the 
use of auto trucks of great advant- 
age for business. . Among the lead- 
ing factories are those of the Pierce- 
Arrow Motor Car Co., on Elmwood 
av., the E. E. Thomas Motor Co., on 
Niagara st., and the Babcock Elec- 
tric Carriage Co., on W. Utica st. 
Many of the sales rooms are groupt 
on Main st., above Tupper, and in 
the same locality are the rooms of the 
Automobile Club of Buffalo, in the 
Teek Theater Bldg. Cars for hire 
can be had from the C. W. Miller 
Transfer Co., the Buffalo Taxicab 
Co, and at the public stand east and 
south of Lafayette Square. A per- 
son taking a car across the Niagara 
Eiver ^ should get a bond thru a 
Canadian custom house broker, per- 
mitting the ear to cross and recross 
the boundary for three months. 

The Buffalo Automobile Show, 
held under the auspices of the Au- 



tomobile Trade Association and the 
Automobile Club, is an annual event 
of great interest both to the trade 
and to users of motor cars. 

Automobile supplies can be pur- 
chased at a number of stores on 
Main st., and the Iroquois Eubber 
Co., 379-83 Washington st., keeps an 
excellent line. 



«^ 



12 



B 



Banks. — The present Banks and 
Trust Companies of Buffalo have an 
enviable record for both enterprise 
and stability. There are 11 banks 
of deposit and discount, 3 trust com- 
panies and 4 savings banks in the 
city. The savings banks and trust 
companies are open from 9 a. m. to 
3 p. m. on business days, except 
Saturday, when the hours are from 
9 a. m, to 12 m. The other banks 
open at 10 a, m. and close at 3 p. m. 
except Saturday, when their hours 
are from 9 to 12. All banks are 
closed on the following State holi- 
days: Jan. 1, Feb. 12 and 22, May 
30, July 4, Labor day, Oct. 12, Elec- 
tion day, Thanksgiving day, and Dec. 
25, In the following list the chief 
facts about each institution are 
given, including the year in which it 
was establisht. The surplus and the 
deposits are stated in round num- 
bers, and it should be understood 
that these figures increase with the 
growth of business. 

BANKS OF DEPOSIT AND DIS- 
COUNT. 

BANK OF BUFFALO, 236 Main 
St. Est. 1873. Capital, $500,000; 
surplus and profits, $7.50,000; de- 
posits, $^8,385,000. President Elliott 
C. McDougal; Cashier, John L. Dan- 
iels. 

CENTEAL NATIONAL BANK, 
Main st. and Broadway. Est. 1905. 
Capital, $200,000; surplus and prof- 
its, $92,000; deposits, $1,750,000. 
President, George F. Eand; Cashier, 
Eaymond E. Winfield. 

CITIZENS BANK, 561 William 
St. Est. 1890. Capital, $100,000; sur- 
plus and profits, $300,000; deposits, 
$2,705,000. President, Joseph Block; 
Cashier, Norman A. MacDonald. 



COLUMBIA NATIONAL BANK, 
242 Main st. Est. 1892. Capital, 

$2,000,000; surplus and profits, $925,- 
000; deposits, $7,690,000. Presi- 
dent, George F. Eand; Cashier, Louis 
H. Gethoefer. 

GEEMAN-AMEEICAN BANK, 
428 Main st. Est. 1882. Capital, 
$300,000; surplus and profits, $315,- 
000; deposits, $5,080,000. President, 
Edwin G. S. Miller; Cashier, Edward 
A. Weppner, 

MANUFACTUEEES AND TEAD- 
EES NATIONAL BANK, 270 Main 
St. Est. 1856. Capital, $1,000,000; 
surplus and profits, $1,450,000; de- 
posits, $15,190,000. President, 
Eobert L. Fryer; Cashier, Harry T. 
Eamsdell.* 

MAEINE NATIONAL BANK, 220 
Main st. Est. 1850. Capital, $1,- 
500,000; surplus and profits, $1,- 
642,000; deposits, $21,170,000. Presi- 
dent, Stephen M. Clement; Cashier, 
Clifford Hubbell. 

MAEKET BANK, 598 Main st. 
Est. 1903. Capital $100,000; surplus 
and profits, $40,000; deposits, $890,- 
000. President, Elliott C. Mc- 
Dougal; Cashier, George Meadway. 
PEOPLES BANK, Main and Sene- 
ca sts. Est. 1889. Capital, $300,- 
000; surplus" and profits, $330,000; 
deposits, $4,920,000. President, 

Arthur D. Bissell; Cashier, Edward 
J. Newell.* 

THIED NATIONAL BANK, 275 
Main st. Est. 1865. Capital, $500,- 
000; surplus and profits, $116,000; 
deposits, $3,550,000. President, John 
W. Eobinson; Cashier, George A. 
Drummer. 

UNION STOCK YAEDS BANK, 
William and Depot sts. Est. 1904. 
Capital $150,000; surplus and profits, 
$50,000; deposits, $705,000. Presi- 
dent, Irving E. Waters; Cashier, 

*See separate article. 



13 



Charles C. Theobald. Will estab- 
lish a branch at Broadway and Fill- 
more av. 

SAVINGS BANKS. 

AMEEICAN SAVINGS BANK, 
215 Main st. Est. 1907. Deposits 
$1,000,000; surplus, $14,000. Presi- 
dent, Herbert A. Meldrum; Secre- 
tary, Clarence F. Powell. Open 
Saturday evenings, from 7 to 9. 

BUFFALO SAVINGS BANK, 
Main and Genesee sts. Est. 1846. 
Deposits, $28,295,000; surplus, $2,= 
856,000. President, Spencer Clinton; 
Secretary, Edward G. Becker. 

EEIE COUNTY SAVINGS BANK, 
Main and Niagara sts. Est. 1854. 
deposits, $43,535,000; surplus, $3,- 
845,000. President, Eobert S. Don- 
aldson; Secretary Eobert D. Young. 

WE'STEEN SAVINGS BANK, 
Main and Court sts. Est. 1851. De- 
posits, $8,000,000; surplus, $776,000. 
President, Albert J. Wheeler; Sec- 
retary, Franklin W. H. Becker.* 

TEUST COMPANIES. 

BUFFALO LOAN, TEUST AND 
SAFE DEPOSIT CO., 449 Main st. 
Est. 1881. Capital $200,000; surplus 
and profits, $75,000; deposits, $2,- 
950,000. President, George Urban, 
Jr.; Secretary, Charles E. Clark. 

COMMONWEALTH TEUST COM- 
PANY, Main and Niagara sts. Est. 
1903. Capital, $500,000; surplus and 
profits, $505,000; deposits, $6,390,000. 
President, Eben O. McNair; Secre- 
tary, William E. Danforth. 

FIDELITY TEUST COMPANY, 
Main and Swan sts. Est. 1893. 
Capital $500,000; surplus and profits, 
$450,000; deposits, $8,260,000. Presi- 
dent, George V. Forman; Secretary, 
Edgar A. Taylor, 

Baptist Churches. — The Baptist 
denomination is one of the strong- 

*See separate article. 



est in Buffalo, having the follow- 
ing list of churches: — 
BETHEL (German), Johnson st. near 

Sycamore st. 
CAZENOVIA PAEK, Cazenovia st. 
CEDAE STEEET, S. Division and 

Cedar sts. 
DEAEBOEN STEEET, Dearborn st. 

near Amherst. 
DELAWAEE, Delaware av. near 

Utica St. 
EMMANUEL, Ehode Island st. 
EBENEZEE (German), Metcalf st. 

near Clinton. 
FILLMOEE, 46 Fillmore av. 
FIEST, North and Pearl sts. 
FIEST GEEMAN, 41 Spruce st. 
FIEST POLISH, 680 William st. 
FIEST FEEE, Hudson st. noRT Fargo 

av. 
GLENWOOD AVENUE, Glenwood 

av. and Purdy st. 
HEDSTEOM MEMOEIAL, Summer 

St. 

HUNGAEIAN, 21 Clay st. 

HUNT AVENUE, Hunt av. and Gal- 
latin st. 

FIEST ITALIAN, Edison st. near E. 
Delavan av. 

KENSINGTON, E. Delavan av. near 
Deerfield. 

LAFAYETTE AVENUE, Lafayette 
av. and Tryon st. 

^ViAPLE STEEET, Maple and Vir- 
ginia sts. 

MICHIGAN STEEET (colored) 
Michigan st. near Broadway. 

PAEKSIDE, Beard av. and Parker 

St. 

PEOSPECT AVENUE, Georgia st. 

and Prospect av. 
EEID MEMOEIAL, William st. near 

Coit st. 
SECOND ITALIAN, 210 Trenton av. 
SECOND FEEE, W. Ferry and Grant 

sts. 
SECOND GEEMAN, Northampton 

st. and Wohlers av. 
SOUTH SIDE, Triangle st. and Good 



av. 



14 



THIRD GEEMAN, Mulberry and 
High sts. 

Base Ball. — The great American 

game is a prime favorit in this city. 
Buffalo supports a professional team 
in the Eastern League, composed of 
Baltimore, Buffalo, Jersey City, 
Montreal, Newark, Providence, 
Rochester and Toronto. League 
games are playd in Olympic Park, at 
E, Ferry and Michigan sts. 

The following is the list of games 
that the Buffalo team will play at 
home in 1910: 

Providence, May 9, 10, 11, 12; 
Newark, May 13, 14, 16, 17; Jersey 
City, May 18, 19, 20, 21; Baltimore, 
May 23, 24, 25; Rochester, May 26, 
27, 28 (two games); Montreal, May 
30 (two games), June 1; Toronto, 
June 2, 3, 4; July 4 (two games), 5, 6; 
Montreal, July 7, 8, 9 (two games) ; 
Providence, July 18, 19, 20, 21; Jer- 
sey City, July 22, 23 (two games), 
2.5; Baltimore, July 26, 27, 28, 29; 
Newark, July 30 (two games), Aug. 
1, 2; Providence, Aug. 19, 20 (two 
games) ; Jersey City, Aug. 22, 23, 
24; Baltimore,' Aug.' 25, 26, 27 (two 
games) ; Newark, Aug. 29, 30 (two 
games), 31; Rochester, Sept, 1. 2. 
3 (two games) ; Montreal, Sept. 5 
(two games), 6; Toronto, Sept. 8, 
9, 10 (two games) ; Rochester, Sept. 
12, 13, 14. 

Batavia is the county seat of 
Genesee County. The township was 
formd in 1802 and the village of 
Batavia, which is in the central 
part of the township, was incorpor- 
ated April 23, 1823. It is 36 miles 
northeast of Buffalo and is reached 
by the N. Y. Central, Lehigh Valley 
and Erie railroads. Fare, 72c. Popu- 
lation in 1900, 9180. Tonawanda 
creek runs thru the township from 
easi to west. Batavia is the seat of 
the State Institution for the Blind 
and here also is the Agriculrual Park, 



where the yearly agricultural fairs 
of Genesee county are held. It has 
14 churches, 4 banks, 6 fire com- 
panies, 2 newspapers, a. high school, 
a public library and a hospital. 

Among its industries are two elec- 
tric power plants, one of which runs 
the local trolley line, granit works, 
preserving works, and factories for 
making fire-arms, carriages, sashes, 
doors and blinds, farming implements 
and machinery, shoes, galvanized iron 
ware, rubber tires, paper boxes, cut 
glass, flour and other goods. The 
office of the Holland Land Co., built 
in 1804, stands on W, Main st. and 
was converted into a historical mus- 
eum in its centennial year. There 
is a statue of William Morgan, of 
Anti-Masonic fame in Batavia, which 
was his home. 

Baths. — Turkish bath establish- 
ments for men and for women, also 
places where ordinary baths with hot 
and cold water may be had, can be 
found by reference to the classified 
section of the city directory. One of 
the best of tnese for men is the 
Morgan Turkish Baths in the base- 
ment of the D. S. Morgan Building, 
Pearl and Niagara sts., and one of 
the best for ladies is the Summer 
Street Baths at 19-21 Summer st. 

There are two free bath houses 
maintaind by the . city, which are 
substantial buildings erected for the 
purpose. No. 1 is at 243 Terrace and 
No. 2 at Woltz av. and Stanislaus st. 
The hours for men an^ boys at No. 1 
are from 7 a. m. to 12 m. and from 
5 to 9 p. m.; Sundays and holidays 
from 7 to 10 a. m.; for women and 
girls from 12 m. to 5 p. m. There are 
14 rooms with a shower bath in each, 
also an open space with showers for 
children. There is a laundry where 
bathers can wash and dry their 
own clothing and a tub in which 
mothers can bathe young children. 
This bath house was opend Jan, 1, 



15 




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1897, and was the first of its kind 
in the country. 

Bath house No. 2 has 14 rooms in 
the men's section and an open space 
for boys. The laundry has 3 tubs. 
There is a separate section for women 
and girls which is open from 12 m. to 
8 p. m.; Sundays and holida^^s from 
7 to 10 a. m. These baths are sup- 
plied with hot and cold water and are 
open the year around. 

Bay Beach is a cottage resort on 
the Canadian shore of Lake Erie, be- 
tween Crystal Beach and Point 
Abino. 

Bay View is a suburban place on 
the shore of Lake Erie, 8 miles 
south of Buffalo. Reached by Lake 
Shore or Pennsylvania railroad, also 
by Buffalo & L. Erie electric cars. 

Bedell House. — This is a well 
known pleasure and health resort of 
the highest class, delightfully situ- 
ated on the east shore of Grand 
Island, about 6 miles from the center 
of the city of Buffalo. The hotel 
was opend in 1877, and is a first- 
class house, surrounded by a beau- 
tiful park, with large shade trees, 
well grown shrubbery, and smooth 
lawns. It has about 40 rooms, elec- 
tric lighting, gas, and steam plants, 
modern sanitary plumbing, and hot 
and cold baths. French chefs have 
charge of the careful selection and 
skilful preparation of the food. The 
rates are, European plan, $1 a day 
up. There is a stable of well broken 
saddle and harness horses, and ex- 
cellent facilities for boating, bath- 
ing, and fishing. There are also ar- 
rangements for the care of auto- 
mobiles. Back of the hotel are a 
spacious dancing pavilion, and a Mid- 
way, with high class amusement at- 
tractions, making it a favorite resort 
for club, church, and school out- 
ings. The Launch Club and the 
Motor Boat Club have beautiful 



houses in the near vicinity, and 
many exciting races are held on the 
Bedell House course. Other club 
houses and many charming villas and 
cottages, the summer homes of prom- 
inent Buffalonians, are also near by. 
The Bedell House is reached by the 
steamer Ossian Bedell from West 
Ferry St., making one trip in the 
forenoon and four or five in the 
afternoon and evening. Fare 25 
cents, with return. Guests of the 
hotel free. The Grand Island ferry, 
which carries vehicles, also lands 
near the hotel. Extensiv improve- 
ments and additions are pland for 
next season. 

Bell Telephone System. — The in- 
dustrial and social telephone needs 
of Buffalo are well cared for by the 
Bell System, which operates here un- 
der the name of the New York Tele- 
phone Company. The plant is a 
very comprehensive one, and includes 
8 central office buildings. One of the 
branch offices, typifying the style 
of building construction used, is 
shown in accompanying illustration. 

On February 1, 1910, 25,000 tele- 
phones were in service here and hun- 
dreds of new stations are added 
each month. The first class hotels 
have Bell telephones in every room 
and great telephone development has 
been accomplished among the rail- 
road interests centering in Buffalo. 
Almost every large mercantile estab- 
lishment has a Bell Private Branch 
Exchange, and the familiar Blue Bell 
Public Telephone Station signs are 
seen everywhere. The local exchange 
connects with the lines of the great 
Bell Long Distance System, making 
possible connection with over 4,500,- 
000 telephones in this country and 
Canada. The New York Telephone 
Company's equipment is of the most 
modern type, insuring the best ser- 
vice. Eeasonable rates are quoted 
for business and residence service 



17 




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on both unlimited and message 
charge schedules. 

Belt Line. — A local branch of the 
N. Y. Central railroad which encir- 
cles the central business and resi- 
dence sections of the city. The route 
is from the Central depot over the 
tracks of the Niagara Falls branch 
along the water front as far as Black 
Eock, then turning east and running 
north of Delaware park, then south 
thru the east central part of the city 
to Exchange st. Trains run both 
ways. The circuit is about 15 miles 
and the running time is 45 minutes, 
including over 20 stops. Fare 5c. 

Black Bock. — A locality in the 
northern part of the city on the Nia- 
gara river. It was once a separate 
village and was expected to grow be- 
yond the settlement on Buffalo Creek, 
but the latter eventually absorbd it. 
The first lake steamer, to which was 
given the Indian name for a steam- 
boat, Walk-in-the-Water, was launcht 
at Black Eock in 1818. The old 
Black Eock ferry across the Nia- 
gara river ran from a landing several 
blocks south of W. Ferry st. There 
are two Black Eock stations, near 
Niagara st. north of Forest av., for 
Belt Line, Niagara Falls, Grand 
Trunk and Michigan Central passen- 
ger trains, and a great quantity of 
freight is also handled here. On the 
Niagara st. bridge spanning Scaja- 
quada creek is a tablet with this in- 
scription. ''Near and around this 
spot was fought the battle of Black 
Eock, August 3, 1814, between Ameri- 
can and British troops, in which the 
former were successful. Erected by 
the Niagara Frontier Landmarks As- 
sociation, 1902." 

Black Rock Harbor is a side chan- 
nel of the Niagara river between 
Squaw island and the main shore. It 
serves as a section of the Erie canal 
and accommodates considerable lake 
shipping. 



Blasdell is a village in the northern 
part of the town of Hamburg, 8 
miles from Buffalo. Eeached by 
Pennsylvania, Erie and Lake Shore 
railroads. Fare 20c., round trip 30c.; 
also by Buffalo & Lake Erie electric 
cars. 

Breakwaters. — The first breakwa- 
ter protecting the outer harbor of 
Buffalo was built between 1868 and 
1893, of timber cribs. It starts oppo- 
sit the south bank of Buffalo river, 
about half a mile out in the lake, and 
runs southeast paralel with the shore 
7,600 feet, or nearly a mile and a 
half. Immediately after this another 
section was built, beginning at the 
southern end of the first, with an en- 
trance between them, and extending 
in the same direction 10,000 feet. 
The greater part of this breakwater 
is of stone and the rest of timber 
crib and concrete. ^ At the southern 
end is the south harbor entrance and 
then a third section of breakwater, 
2,803 feet long, running to the shore 
which curves out to meet it at Lacka- 
wanna. These were built by the U. S. 
government. 

North of Buffalo river and close in 
shore is the Erie Basin breakwater, 
about half a mile long, built by the 
State of New York. North of that 
and further out is the North break- 
water, 2,200 feet long, a government 
work. Beyond the North breakwater, 
but nearer the shore is another State 
work, which runs north-west nearly 
half a mile, then turns north into the 
Niagara river and continues under 
the name of the Bird Island Pier, 
nearly two miles to Squaw island. 
Much of the crib construction built 
by the government has been replaced 
by stone and concrete. 

Bric-a-brac, see Antique Shop. 

Bridgeburg is a village at the Ca- 
nadian end of the International 
bridge. Eeached by the Grand Trunk 
or Michigan Central railroad- 



19 



Bridges. — The largest bridge 
wholly or partly within the city of 
Buffalp is the International bridge 
crossing the Niagara Eiver to the 
Canadian shore. This is a railroad 
bridge, but one of the conditions of 
the franchise for building it was that 
a carriage way and footwalks should 
be added. These additions have not 
yet been made. It is nearly three 
quarters of a mile long, is supported 
on 6 stone piers and has two draws, 



are about 20 smaller bridges in the 
city, crossing Scajaquada creek, the 
upper part of Buffalo river, and other 
small water courses. 

Brock's Monument. — One of the 
chief points of interest at which pas- 
sengers around Niagara Gorge stop 
over is Brock's Monument on Queens- 
ton Hights. The monument is 200 
feet high and was erected in honor 
of Gen. Sir Isaac Brock who was kild 
in battle here in the War of 1812. 




BASCULE BRIDGE AT MICHIGAN STREET 



each 100 feet wide. It sta,rts a 
little south of Amherst st., spans the 
narrow channel calld Black Rock 
harbor, then is carrid over Squaw 
island, and thence across the main 
channel of the river. The cost of 
the structure was $1,500,000 and it 
was opend for traffic in 1873. 

The Michigan st. bridge across the 
Buffalo river is a counter balanced 
drawbridge of the bascule type, built 
in 1897. The South Michigan st. 
bridge, crossing the City Ship canal 
and the Ohio st. bridge over the 
Buffalo river, completed in 1908, are 
also of the bascule type, familiarly 
called ''jack-knife" bridges. There 



On Oct. 13, 1812, an American force 
crost the river stormd the hights, and 
captured Fort Drummond. Later in 
the day the British were reinforced, 
but the Americans could not get rein- 
forcements, owing to the unwilling- 
ness of the militia to cross the river, 
and were obliged to surrender the po- 
sition. The ramparts of Fort Drum- 
mond can still be seen in the woods 
back of the monument. The spot 
where Gen. Brock fell is part way 
down the slope toward Queenston, 
and is markt by a cenotaph, erected 
by the present King of England when 
visiting America in 1860. It stands 
within a few feet of the railway. 



30 



Brocton is a town on the shore The thermometer seldom reaches 0° 

of L. Erie, 50 miles southwest of in winter or 90° in summer, and 

Buffalo. Eeaehed by Lake Shore, neither cold waves nor hot waves 

Pennsylvania or N. Y., Chicago & St. are frequent or severe. The number 

Louis railroads- fare $1.27, round trip of cloudy days in a year is rather 

$2.45. Also by Buffalo & L. Erie large, but threatening weather more 

electric cars; fare $1.05, round trip often results in only a sprinkle or 

$1,90. It is the chief center of the a snow flurry than in'any heavier pre- 

©•reat wine industry carrkl on in cipitation. There is not much thunder 

the grape belt of western New York, and lightning and wind storms seldom 

and a visit to the immense cellars do materia^ damage, except along the 

there and to the vineyards round water front, 
about is well worth while. HISTORY. After the close of the 

Buffalo. — GEOGRAPHY. This city Revolutionary war, emigration from 

occupies an approximately reetangu- the seaboard westward was encour- 

lar tract of land, with its greatest aged, a.nd among the settlements 

dimension from north to south, but made in the next few years was one 

with the southern half narrowd by near the mouth of Buffalo creek. The 

the southeast trend of the lake shore, first white settler was Cornelius 

It is 8% miles long and the northern Winne, a trader from Fishkill, who 

half is about 5 miles wide. Its area built his house east of Main st., 

is 42.89 square miles. Buffalo is below Exchange. A large tract of 

bounded on tne north by the towns land including Buffalo and surround- 

of Tonawanaa and Amherst, on the ing territory, held by Massachusetts 

east by Cheektowaga and West under an early colonial grant, was 

Seneca, on the soutu by the city of sold to Robert Morris, of Phila- 

Lackawanna, and on the west by delphia, and by him to the Holland 

Lake Erie and the Niagara river. Land Co., in 1793. All abstracts 

The southern jjart of the city is of real estate titles in this vicinity 

crost from east to west by the tortu- run back to that company. Joseph 

ous Buffalo river, formerlv calld Ellicott was made its chief surveyor, 

Buffalo creek, and the land for some and under his direction the lands 

distance north of the river and south along the banks of the creek were 

of it to the city line is low and surveyd in 1801. Three years later 

level. Going north thru the central he laid out the city from the creek 

part of the city the land gradually north to Chippewa st., and from 

rises until at High and North sts. Oneida (now Ellicott) st. west to 

it is 90 feet above datum. Further about the line of Carolina st. The 

north it slopes down to the valley company gave the place the name 

of Scajaquada creek, beyond which is of New Amsterdam, which did not 

the highest land in the city — 120 feet sticK any better than it did to New 

above datum, near the northeast York, for within ten years the name 

corner. Buffalo was fixt for all time. 

CLIMATE. — Buffalo is blest with a Separated from British territory 

remarkably equable temperature, due only by the Niagara river, the fron- 

mainly to the fact that there is a tier from L. Erie to L. Ontario 

large body of water to the westward became one of the chief scenes of 

and another a short distance north, hostilities in the War of 1812. There 

which warm up very slowly in spring was a strong British garrison at Fort 

and cool off just as slowly in autum. Erie at the outbreak of the war, and 

21 



measures for defence were quickly- 
taken on the American side. A force 
consisting partly of regulars and 
partly of militia, under Gen. Van 
Eensselaer, was sent to the Niagara 
Frontier, and forays were made 
across the river from both sides, 
in which several sharp engagements 
were fought. (See Historic Sites). 
At this time the population of Buf- 
falo was about 1,500. On Dee. 30 
1813, a force of British and Indians 
under Gen, Eiall crost the river by 
night and landed below Squaw 
island. The militia and volunteers 
hastend to oppose them, but without 
avail. The enemy marcht along Nia- 
gara St. into the village and during 
their advance the women and child- 
ren fled into the country. The 
iiritish then .burnd the village, only 
one house escaping the flames and 
returnd across the river. In a week 
or two rebuilding began. 

In 1816, Buffalo became an incor- 
porated village, and in 1832 it was 
made a city, having then a popula- 
tion of 10,000. An event of great 
importance for the commerce of this 
city was the opening of the Erie 
canai, Oct. 26, 1825, connecting L. 
Erie at Buffalo with the Hudson 
river at Albany. This made Buffalo 
an important terminal point within 
the next few years. Water trans- 
portation of freight and passengers 
thru this gateway increast by leaps 
and bounds, until in 1842 the first 
railroad enterd the city, and was 
followd by others. The railways 
paralyzed the water traffic for the 
time being, but only to replace it by 
land transportation of much greater 
volume. An immense movement of 
supplies thru Buffalo during the 
Civil War, taxt the facilities of both 
the land and the water routes. This 
activity was followd by a disheart- 
ening stagnation at the close of the 
war, but not many years past before 



the natural growth of the city's 
trade was using to their full capa- 
city the facilities that had been 
over-stimulated in war time, and 
now the Erie canal is being enlarged 
and shippers are demanding exten- 
sions of the railway terminals. Hun- 
dreds of acres in East Buffalo are 
already coverd with tracks, etc., so 
that this part of the city is known 
as a district of freight yards, and 
here occurd the famous railroad riot 
of 1892. The attention of the 
world was drawn to this city in 
1901 by the Pan-American Exposi- 
tion, held in Delaware Park and on 
lands adjoining, which was one of 
the most beautiful and instructive 
exhibitions ever yet seen. 

Among the residents of Buffalo 
who were prominent in its early his- 
tory was Joseph Ellicott, chief sur- 
veyor and alcerward sales agent of 
the Holland Land Company, who 
selected the site for the city, and 
ensured its settlement. Another 
was Samuel Wilkeson, ship builder 
and merchant, a resident of Buffalo 
from 1814 to his death in 1848. In 
3 822 he secured the terminal of the 
Erie canal for Buffalo creek insted 
of Black Eock, He was judge of the 
oommon Pleas court. State senator 
and in 1836 became mayor of Buffalo. 

Millard Fillmore came to Buffalo 
in 1822, studid and practiced law 
here, was elected to the State Assem- 
bly, afterward to Congress and vice- 
president of the United States in 
1848. By the death of Gen. Taylor 
he became president in 1850, and 
after completing his term resided in 
Buffalo until his death in 1874. 

Dr. Ebenezer Johnson settled in 
Buffalo in 1809, servd as surgeon's 
mate in the War of 1812, and after- 
ward engaged in the drug business 
and other mercantile affairs. In 1832 
he was elected the first Mayor of the 
city, and was elected for another 



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term three yars later. His house 
still stands on Delaware av., and a 
part of his ample grounds is now 
included in the park system under 
the name of Johnson Place. 

William G. Fargo was a mail car- 
rier on horseback in Onondaga 
county when only 13 years of age. 
jtie came to Buffalo in 1843 as an 
express agent and in 1844 joind with 
two partners in establishing an 
express line to Detroit. This busi- 
ness was united with others in 1850 
to form the American Express Co. 
In 1851 Mr. r'argo, Henry Wells and 
others founded the express business 
of Wells, Fargo & Co., operating 
between New York and the Pacific 
coast, which has grown to be one of 
the giant companies in this line. He 
was the war time mayor of Buffalo 
having been elected in 1861, and re- 
elected in 1863. 

Grover Cleveland came to Buffalo 
in 1855, studid and practiced law, 
was sherif of Erie county and in 
^ 1881 was elected mayor of Buffalo. 
The next year he was elected gover- 
nor of New York and in 1884 presi- 
dent of the United States. He was 
defeated for re-election in 1888 but 
won again four years later. After 
retiring from the presidency, he took 
up his residence at Princeton, N. J. 
The splendid position of Buffalo as 
regards transportation brought many 
factories to locate here, which have 
added to the population and wealth 
of the city, and contributed, along 
with other classes of business, means 
for the erection of many handsome 
homes, business blocks and public 
buildings. The future promises 
greater triumphs and greater expan- 
sion for the (^ueen City. Energetic 
citizens are working to ensure the 
early fulfilment of Buffalo's glorious 
commercial destiny, and their spirit 
is well exprest in the slogan ' ' Buffalo 
Means Business," selected for the 



city by the Advertising Club in 1908. 
Any one who wants proof as to the 
appropriateness of this slogan, should 
get permission to go up to the roof 
of the Chamber of Commerce build- 
ing, from which he can see compactly 
massed block after block of stores, 
banks, and shops stretching away 
to the north, to the east, and the 
south, with high office buildings and 
hotels, and the towers of the post 
office and the city hail rising among 
them. He can see also the tracks of 
many busy railroads, running to all 
points of the compass, great ele- 
vators and coal trestles rising along 
the water front, with fleets of steam- 
ers lying at their wharves or making 
their way out into the broad lake, 
and the long lines of the break- 
waters protecting the city's harbor. 
Numerous wreaths of smoke and 
steam rising from factories and 
workshops are proofs of busy labor 
below, while the slender spires of 
St. Paul 's and St. Joseph 's cathedrals 
and the white shaft of the McKinley 
monument testify that other than 
material things are also held in 
honor here. 

CITY GOVEENMENT. The 
charter of the city, revised in 1891, 
provides for a Mayor and a Common 
Council consisting of two chambers, a 
board of Councilmen and a board of 
Aldermen. The care of the streets, 
waterworks and public buildings, and 
the supervision of private building 
operations is delegated to the com- 
missioner of Public Works, The Po- 
lice, Fire and Park departments are 
conducted by commissions of 3 or 5 
members. The schools are in charge 
of a Superintendent of Education. 
Other boards are the Assessors, 
Board of Health, Examiners and 
Exicse Commissioners, and other 
single heads of departments are the 
Comptroller, Treasurer, Corporation 
Counsel and Overseer of the Poor. 



24 



The term of office of all elective offi- 
cers begins on the first day of Janu- 
ary following their election. 

POPULATION. The first settlers 
of Buffalo were English colonists and 
their descendents, who came from 
eastern New York and from New 
England. When the tide of German 
immigration had set in strongly, Buf- 
falo receivd its share of the new 
blood, and today a large part of its 
prosperous and substantial citizens 
are of German descent. Other 
peoples largely represented here are 
the Italians and Poles. But while the 
Germans have readily adopted the 
language of their Anglo-Saxon 
cousins and interraingld with them, 
the Italians and Poles, differing more 
from the English in speech and racial 
character, have remaind somewhat 
isolated. Each country of Europe 
has contributed its quota of Hebrews, 
who have here, as elsewhere, con- 
querd such obstacles as a strange 
language or new customs that stood 
in the way of their advancement. 
There are a few negroes in the city. 
The popluation of Buffalo in 1830 was 
10,000, in 186a it was 81.000, in 1880 
it was 155,134 and in 1900 it was 
352,387. The census of 1910 will 
doubtless show it to be considerably 
above 400,000. (See Manufactures.) 

Buffalo Fine Arts Academy. — This 
society was organized in 1862 to 
maintain a permanent collection of 
works of art, an art library and an 
art school, and to foster art in all 
its branches. Its collection occupies 
the Albright Art Gallery. Persons 
who contribute $1,000 or more to the 
Academy may be elected fellows; 
those who contribute $100 of more 
may be elected life members. Asso- 
ciate members pay dues of $10 a year 
and artist members $5. There are 
about 400 members of all classes. The 
president is Wm. A. Eogers and the 
secretary is Ealph Plumb. The col- 



lections are in charge of an art 
director. 

Buffalo Historical Society. — This 
institution, organized in 1862, 
occupies its own building in Delaware 
Park, near Elmwood av. The build- 
ing is of white marble, with a fine 
Doric portico, and cost upwards of 
$200,000. It was erected jointly by 
the State of New York, the city of 
Buffalo and the Buffalo Historical 
Society in 1900 and was used by the 
State as headquarters for its com- 
mission during the Pan-American 
Exposition in 1901, at the close of 
which it became the property of the 
Historical Society. 

The Society maintains a museum 
which is the chief repository for his- 
torical material in western New 
York. In the basement is a collec- 
tion of articles belonging to the 
early days of Buffalo and vicinity. 
The North Hall, main floor, contains 
relics of the American wars, models 
and pictures of the Pan-American 
Exposition and a small collection of 
Etruscan copper, pottery, beads, etc. 
The upper floor contains the Cottier, 
Scoville, Atkins, Silver and Benedict 
Indian collections; the Auman, 
Jordan and other collections from 
the Phillipines and Cuba; the James 
coin and Medal collection; and the 
Joseph C. Greene collection of casts 
and relics from Egypt, Assyria, 
Turkey and India. One room is 
devoted to the Julius E. Francis col- 
lection of Lincoln relics and to relics 
of the Civil War, portraits of the 
Presidents, etc. A large portrait hall 
contains, besides many oil portraits, 
relics of Millard Fillmore, an origi- 
nal set of the Boydell Shakspere 
engravings, etc. 

The Historical Society library, 
comprising 20,000 volumes and many 
pamflets and manuscripts, consists 
chiefly of the historical literature 
of the Niagara region, tho it is rich 



25 



in books on the Civil War, the War 
of 1812j biografy and genealogy. It 
has a useful collection of New Eng- 
land town and local histories. The 
newspaper room contains a large col- 
lection of early western ISTew York 
and other papers^ covering import- 
ant historical periods. The John C. 
Lord library of 11,000 volumes, and 
the librarv or Mrs. Millard Fillmore 



p. m. Sunday. The library is open 
at the same hours weekdays, but not 
on Sunday or holidays. 

The Society receives an annual 
maintenance fund from the city, in 
return for which the public is given 
free access to the building, museum, 
etc., and free use of the library. The 
various activities of the institution 
are carrid on with the income from 




BUFFALO HISTORICAL SOCIETY BUILDING 



occupy one room. The former col- 
lection is rich in early printed books, 
and theological and standard litera- 
ture prior to 1870. The Marshall 
library deposited with the Hi^toTical 
Society contains about 1,000 volumes, 
many being rare, chiefly relating to 
the French in America, to Indians 
and to local history. The Historical 
Building is one of the show places of 
Buffalo, and one of its most beautiful 
and popular resorts. The museum is 
open free to tne public from 10 a. m. 
to 5 p. m. weekdays and from 2 to 5 



securities, sale of publications and 
membership dues. A course of even- 
ing lectures and entertainments is 
provided for members and their 
friends, and members receive free the 
Publications of the Society, which 
have now reached 13 volumes. Mem- 
bers pay yearly dues of $5. From 
October to May the Society provides 
free public lectures, usually of a 
historical character on Sunday after- 
noons. The president of its board 
of managers is Henry W. Hill and its 
secretary is Frank H. Severance. 



26 



Buffalo Mill Supply Company.— 
Below is shown the large 5-story 
building at 210-12 Main st., occu- 
pied by this company, which, since 
1898, has carrid on a rapidly grow- 
ing business in supplying factories 
with all the staple articles and 




Store of the Buffalo Mill Supply Company 

some of the machines needed for 
their operation. A 6-story rear 
building on John st. is used for sur- 
plus stock. The lines carrid by this 
company include shafting, hangers 
and pulleys, both in steel and wood, 
belts of all sizes in leather and rub- 
ber, also pipe and pipe fittings, 
brass valves, etc. Everything in 



rubber that is used by its customers 
can be found on hand here. 

Gas engines are a specialty of this 
concern. A full stock, ranging from 
iy2 to 25 H. P., is kept ready for 
immediate delivery, and larger sizes 
are supplied on short notice. In all 
the lines that it carries, a careful 
selection has been made of the best 
articles for their respective purposes. 

Buffalo Orphan Asylum was organ- 
ized Oct. 15, 1836. It first occupied 
a rented house on Franklin st. and 
made several removals prior to the 
erection of the present building at 
Virginia st. and Elmwood av., in 
1850-51. It lias been maintaiud ]\v 
donations and bequests from generous 
friends and managed by a board of 
trustees and an associate board of 
directoresses appointed from the dif- 
ferent protestant churches. It 
receives orfan children and cares 
for tnem until suitable homes can 
be secured, also dependent and desti- 
tute children from Erie county, and 
those who, for various reasons, 
parents may be temporarily unable to 
care for. The average number of 
inmates is 120, but more than twice 
that number are cared for in each 
year. 

The trustees have purchased a plot 
of 10 acres, on Elmwood av. near 
the parky where they expect to erect 
modern and commodious buildings, 
as soon as sufficient funds can be se- 
cured for this purpose. The presi- 
dent is Walter H. Johnson and presi- 
dent of the Women's board is Mrs. 
Tracy C, Becker. 

Buffalo Public Library. — This libr- 
ary was establisht in 1897 by a con- 
tract between the Buffalo Library 
and the city of Buffalo, and is now 
free for the circulation of books to 
all residents of the city. The his- 
tory of the Buffalo Library dates 
back to 1836. Under the sucessive 



27 



names of the Young Men^s Associa- 
tion, the Young Men's Library and 
tne Buffalo Library, it was a sub- 
scription library. In 1865 the Asso- 
ciation purchased what was known 
as the St. Ja.mes~ property on the 
corner of Eagle, Washington and 
xa.ain sts., St. James Hall occupying 



same year, and was replaced by the 
Hotel Iroquois, now occupying the 
site. The hotel property was ownd 
by the library until 1910. 

The space in the new library build- 
ing was shared at the beginning with 
the Society of Natural Sciences, the 
Fine Arts Academy and the Histori- 





BUFFALO PUBLIC LIBRARY AND SOLDIERS" MONUMENT 

the Washington st. corner, and the cal Society. The two latter have 

library building, which also housed since gone into buildings Si their 

at that time the Fine Arts Academy own in another part of the city, 

and the Society of Natural Sciences, The Butt'alo Public Library now 

was at the corner of Main st. contains about 275,000 volumes. The 

In 1887 the present library build- circulation during the year 1909 was 

ing on Lafayette Square was erected 1,407,252. The circulating depart- 

and the old library building was con- ments are open daily, except Sunday 

verted into the Hotel Richmond, and holidays, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m.. 

which was destroyd by fire in the All residents of Buffalo, all holders of 



28 



real estate in Buffalo, and all people separate building at the corner 

engaged in business in Buffalo are of Clinton and Ellicott sts. They 

entitled to register and have bor- are open from 8.30 a. m. to 9.30 p. m. 

rowers' cards. The librarian is and on Sunday and holidays from 11 

Walter L. Brown. a. m. to 9 p. m. 

The main Delivery Koom opens In the Eeference Department on 

from the vestibule. In this room are open shelves are arranged cvclo- 

placed the Eegistry Desk, tho die- pedias, dictionaries of many kinds, 

tionarv card catalog, and also the atlases and other books needed for 

Eeceiving and Eequest Desks, consultation by readers. The refer- 

Adjoining this room is the Open ence librarian and his assistants will 

Shelf Eoom, upon the shelves of also bring books from all other 

which the books are open to bor- departments here for use. 

rowers, who may select the books The Periodical Department has 

which they wish to take home and about 300 magazines arranged alfa- 

have them charged as they leave betically in an open case, for use 

the room. This collection consists in the room. Many extra copies of 

of about 25,000 volumes, and is in the more popular magazines are 

itself, a complete circulating library taken by the library and may be 

of the best books. The Gluck auto- had for home use in the circulating 

graf collection, containing many department. The Open Shelf, Eefer- 

valuable manuscripts, particularly of ence and Periodical departments are 

American authors, is displayd in the open on Sunday and holidays from 

front room. Among other manu- H a. m. to 9 p. m. 

scripts in this collection might be The outside agencies of the libr- 

mentiond Emerson's ^'Eepresenta- ary, in addition to the schools, are 

tive men," Mark Twain's ^'Huckle- four branches: — William Ives Branch 

berry Finn," and a volume of in the Dom Polski, Broadway and 

Parkman. Other articles of interest Playter sts.; the Joseph P. Dudley 

are in glass cases in the vestibule. Branch, 503 South Park av., the 

In the basement is the School Lafayette Branch in the Lafayette 

Department of the Library, from High school, and the S. V. E. Watson 

which are sent out 771 class room Branch, 377 Elk st. There are also 

libraries to 41 of the grammar seven Delivery Stations where books 

schools. The Teachers' Eoom in this may be left and are calld for each 

department contains samples of the dav. These are: 

books used in school work. Station B, Keller & Deuchler, 757 

On the second floor of the build- beneca st. ; Station C, William E. 

ing are the Catalog Eoom, Child- Lemon, 897 Tonawanda st,; Station 

ren's Eooms, Eeference Department D, Ellis T. Lathbury, 72 Forest av.; 

and Periodical Department. The Station E, Emma . A. Kamenz, 179 

Children's Eooms, which were the East st.; Station F, J. F. Hermann, 

first in the country to be opend in 2648 Main st.; Station G, E. W. 

connection with a public library, care Hodson, Seneca & Elk sts.; Station 

for all borrowers under the age of H, W. L. Krummell, 2340 Seneca st. 

14, and are open for the children Near the Clinton st. corner of the 

when the public schools are closed, library building is a tablet bearing 

They are closed on Sunday and holi- this inscription: ''The site of the 

days. first Court Houses of Niagara and 

The Newspaper Eooms are in a Erie Counties, 

39 



First Court House built 1810; Science, maintains a scientific mus- 
destroyed at the burning of Buffalo eum, library and lecture room in the 
by the British, December 30, 1813. public library building at Washing- 
Second Court House built 1816-17; ton st. and x>roadway. The Society 
abandoned March 11, 1876. was organized in 1861 and incorpor- 

Niagara County formed from ated Jan. 27, 1863. The hours for 

Genesee County, March 11, 1808, and visitors are from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 

Erie County from Niagara County, In the baesment, at the foot of 

April 2, 1821, Buffalo being the first the elevator and stairway will be 

seat of Niagara County and Erie found the Ward series of skeleton 

County casts of the gigantic creatures of 

Erected by the Niagara Frontier '^^ Tertiary period In adjoining 

Landmarks Association, 1905." I'^o^^ ^^^ ^^T^, the Bennett Col- 
lection 01 lossils from the water lime 

Buffalo River, formerly known as group near Buffalo, being the largest 
Buffalo creek, crosses the southern collection of the Euripterids in the 
part of the city from east to west world, the Clinton herbarium of 
and empties into Lake Erie. Owing about 24,000 specimens, some of the 
to the land txiru which it flows being geological collections of the society, 
almost level, it has a sluggish cur- the beautiful mineralogical collec- 
rent and a very tortuous channel, tion which bears the name of the late 
About a mile below the point where Charles F. Wadsworth, the large 
it enters the city it receives Caze- meteorite from the Canon Diabolo in 
novia creek as a tributary from the Arizona, and many groups of mam- 
south. For the last two miles of mals, large and small, including the 
its course, its banks are lined with great group of mounted bisons, one 
wharves, its shelterd waters afford- of the finest in the United States." 
ing the safest dockage of this port. Taking the elevator, the visitor 
Every spring it overflows, causing finds in the rooms on the third floor 
much trouble and damage and dredg- a large collection of African imple- 
ing is now under way to improve •a ments, weapons and other articles, 
part of its channel. the extensive archeological collec- 

Buffalo Society of Artists is an tions of American Indiaii itnolements 

organization tor cultivating art and ^ ifge collection of Mound Bu Ider 

thf art feehng in general 1.nd with P^'a*"i2,t'^™"%^ Ce^'s te potter^ 

the special object of bringing the ZVcf^ls.^ Imefica and 'frrm ?he 

work of local artists before the ,, r. * • ^ i. i ^4. ^^^i, 

public. The active members must be Pneblos of Arizona and basket work 

L-tists, but any art lover may become J^ great variety. Here also are the 

an associate member. The society large co lections of birds and corals 

numbers about 40D, of whom 75 are ^^^ ^^'f^' T ^^^^ 2 ^T^ ^^^^ 

artists. Its meetings and exhibitions and interest. The Society s office 

are held at the Albright Art Gallery, f ^^ ^*« l^^f^/^ f^ ^'JL*^^? ^«°^' The 

The president is Carlton Sprague and latter consists of 6,000 volumes which 

tne recording secretary is Mrs. ^^y ^e consulted freely by persons 

Robert Fulton. interested in science. The lecture 

room IS m the basement, and here 

. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, twice a day during the school year, 

— This organization, with which is classes from one or another of the 

united the Hays School of Natural public grammar schools come to hear 

m 



talks on nature study, fysiology, etc., 
after which the pupils go thru the 
Museum. In this room is given also 
a series of weekly public lectures of 
a popularly scientific character, each 
winter. Admission cards to these 
lectures are given without charge 
to all who apply at the ofl&ce for 
them. The Society is supported by 
its membership dues, which are $5 
a year. The president of the board 
of managers is T. Guilford Smith 
and the superintendent is Henry E. 
Rowland. 

Building, Bureau of. — This is a 
division of the Department of Public 
Works, under a deputy commissioner, 
with ofl&ces in the municipal build- 
ing south of the City Hall. The 
bureau has charge of the construc- 
tion, care and repairs of all build- 
ings ownd by the city and has super- 
vision over all private building oper- 
ations. Builders must submit plans 
for all new buildings and alterations 
of old ones to this bureau and obtain 
its approval of them before going 
forward with the work. The plans 
for plumbing in all such new or 
alterd buildings must have the 
approval of the Health Department. 
Present Deputy Building Commis- 
sioner, Henry Eumrill, Jr. 



c 




Cabs. — Both horse cabs and motor 
cabs and carriages are at the service 
of the public in Buffalo. There are 
cab stands at the four principal rail- 
road depots, on the Terrace near 
Main st., and in the streets around 
Lafayette sq., also at places of pub- 
lic entertainment during and for one 
hour after the entertainments. The 
usual rates for the use of horse ve- 
hicles are $1.50 for the first hour 
and $1 for each additional hour; for 
a vehicle to go from the central resi- 
dence section of the city to a rail- 
road depot the regular charge is $1. 
(See also Taxicabs). 

Canadian Niagara Power Co. — The 

plant of this company is at Niagara, 
Falls, Ont., just above the Horseshoe 
Jb'all. The company is closely con- 
nected with the Niagara Falls Power 
Co., on the American side. The 
same general design has been fol- 
lowd in the plants of the two com- 
panies, and tiie same provision for 
visitors is made. In the Canadian 
power house there are at present 
5 generators of 10,000 horse power 
each, and the plant is so arranged 
that it can be easily extended by the 
addition of 6 more. 

A transmission line runs from the 
Canadian plant along the west side 
of the Niagara river 16 miles to 
Fort Erie, where it crosses to Buffalo. 
There are also interconnecting cables 
between the power houses of the 
allied companies, so that if the ser- 
vice of one is temporarily interupted, 
its customers can be supplied by 
tixC other. 

Canals. — Buffalo is the weste'rn 
terminus of the Erie canal and sev- 
eral short canals have been con- 
structed within the limits of the 
city to facilitate local conimerce. 



^1 



ERIE CANAL, which connects L. 
Erie with the Hudson river at 
Albany, was opend for navigation 
Oct. 26, 1825. It starts near the 
mouth of the Buffalo river and runs 
paralel with the shore of the Lake, 
west of the Terrace and Front av., 
to the Niagara river, which it fol- 
lows until it passes the northern 
city line into Tonawanda. Its total 
length is 348 miles and it has 70 
locks. The number of canal boats 
that cleard irom Buffalo in 1908 was 
2,241, which is about half the number 
in 1898. In 1909, 873,796 tons of 
freight, valued at $17,871,976, went 
east on the canal and 694,819 tons, 
valued at $18,032,395, came from the 
east. The Erie canal is now being 
widend and deepnd so as to float 
barges of 1,000 tons burden, which 
will undoutedly restore its traffic to 
its old time tonnage. 

CITY SHIP CANAL also calld 
Blackwell canal, runs from Buffalo 
river near its mouth southward 
between the river and the lake about 
21/4 miles. At its southern end coal 
docks of the Lehigh Valley railroad 
lead off from it. 

CLARK AND SKINNER CANAL 

ran from the Buffalo river between 
Liberty and Columbia sts., north to 
the line of the former Hamburg 
canal. 

HAMBURG CANAL, formerly 
extended from the Erie canal to 
Hamburg st., south of Exchange st. 
It has been fild in and the land 
tnus made is known as the Hamburg 
canal strip. 

OHIO BASIN is a body of water 
west of Louisiana st. It is con- 
nected with the Buffalo river. The 
Ohio Basin feiip is a short canal that 
formerly extended from the Basin 
north to the Hamburg canal. It has 
b?eji fild in as far down as Elk st. 



Canislus College. — This is a college 
for young men conducted by the 
Fathers of the Society of Jesus. It 
was founded in 1870 and has been 
empowerd to confer degrees by the 
university of the State of New York. 
It occupies a large plot in the heart 
of the city, running thru from 
AVashington to Ellicott st. below Tup- 
per st. The, main college building is 
over 300 feet long. The instruction 
given includes the regular college 
course and an academic or prepara- 
tory course, each covering four years, 
and is based on the system that has 
been devised for Catholic youth by 
the most prominent Jesuit educators. 
The total number of students in 
both departments is about 400. The 
tuition is $5o a year. The college has 
a library of about 26,000 volumes. 
There is no dormitory connected 
with the institution at present. 

Owing to the growth of the aca- 
demic department the whole of the 
present location is to be devoted to 
it, and the collegiate. department will 
be removed to ample grounds ownd 
by the college at Main and Jefferson 
sts. The new main building will 
have a frontage of 311 feet, with 
three wings extending 200 feet from 
the rear. Separate buildings will be 
provided for scientific laboratories, 
gymnasium and auditorium, and in 
the rear of the group will be a large 
atnJetic field. The president is the 
Rev. Augustine A. Miller, S. J. 

Car Lines. — See Street Railways. 

Carnival Court, is a most attrac- 
tive summer amusement park cov- 
ering nearly 10 acres at the junction 
of Main and Jefferson sts., and 
reached by car lines on both these 
thorofares. The amusements include 
a Scenic Railway with over a mile 
of trackage, one of the finest Carou- 
sels ever installd, a magnificent Danc- 
ing Pavilion brilliantly lighted by 



32 



z 

DO 

c 

r 

a 
z 
o 

•n 
O 
7) 

n 
> 
z 

C 

O 

o 

r 
r 
m 

O 

n 




electricity and a handsome Band- 
stand. There is also a little Venice 
with its gliding gondolas. Admission 
to the grounds is 10 cents and the 
charges for the various amusements 
are moderate. 

Catholic Churches.— The following 
is a list of the 55 Catholic churches 
in Buffalo, being the largest number 
supported by any religious denomina- 
tion in the city. 
ALL SOULS (Italian), Germania and 

Myrtle sts. 
ANNUNCIATION, Lafayette av. 

and Grant st. 
ASSUMPTION, (Polish), 435 Am 

herst st. 
BLESSED SACEAMENT, 1025 Dela- 
ware av. 
BLESSED TEINITY, (German and 

English), 317 Leroy av. 
COEPUS CHEISTI, (Polish), Clarke 

and Kent sts. 
HOLY ANGELS, Porter and Fargo 

a vs. 
HOLY FAMILY, Tifft st. 
HOLY NAME of JESUS (German 

and English), 1947 Bailey av. 
IMMACULATE CONCEPTION, 146 

Edward st. 
NATIVITY of THE BLESSED VIE- 

GIN, Albany and Herkimer sts. 
NOTKE DAME DE LOUEDES AND 

ST. PIEEEE (French), Main and 

Best sts. 
CUE LADY of MT. CAEMEL (Ital- 
ian), Fly st. 
CUE LADY of PEEPETUAL HELP, 

O'Connell av. and Alabama st. 
PEECIOUS BLOOD, Lewis and 

Lvman sts, 
SACEED HEAET (German), 690 

Seneca, st. 
ST. ADALBEET'S (Polish), Stanis- 
laus st. and Eother av. 
ST. AGNES' (German), Benzinger st. 
ST. ANN'S (German), Broadway and 

Emslie st. 
ST. ANTHONY of PADUA (Italian), 

140 Court St. 



ST. BERNAED'S, Clinton and Wil- 

lett sts. 
ST. BONIFACE'S (German), Mul- 
berry St., near Virginia st. 
ST. BRIDGET'S, LouisiaiiM and Ful- 
ton sts. 
ST. CASIMIE'S (Polish), Cable and 

Beer sts. 
ST. COLUMBA'S, 429 Eagle st. 
ST. ELIZABETH'S (Hungarian), 

Amherst st. and Military rd. 
ST. FEANCIS of ASSISI (Italian), 

N. Odgen av, 
ST. FEANCIS XAVIEE (German), 

157 East St. 
ST. GEEALD 'S, Bailey and Delavan 

avs. 
ST. JOACHIM'S (German), Miller 

av. and Empire st. 
ST. JOHN KANTY (Polish), 1455 

Broadway. 
ST. JOHN'MAEON (Assyrian), 454 

Seneca st. 
ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST (Greek, 

Euthenican Eite), Amherst and 

Grant sts. 
ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST, Hertel 

av. and East st. 
ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST 

(German), Indian Church rd. 
ST. JOSEPH'S (German and Eno- 

lish), 3221 Main st. 
ST. JOSEPH'S CATHEDEAL, Swan 

and Franklin sts. 
ST. LOUIS' (German), Main and 

Edward sts. 
ST. LUKE'S (Polish), Sycamore st. 

and Miller av. 
ST. MAEK'S, Woodward av. and 

Amherst st. 
ST. MAEY'S (German), Broadway 

fl Tl (i r^l n P ^i" 

ST. MAEY MAGDALENE, (Ger- 
man and English), Fillmore av. 
and Landon st. 

ST. MATHEWS (German), Sehuele 
av. and Ferry st. 

ST. MICHAEL'S (German), 651 
Washington st. 



34 



ST. NICHOLAS' (German and Eng- 
lish), E. Utica and Welker sts. 

ST. NICHOLAS' (Greek, Euthenian 
Kite), Central av. 

ST. PATEICK'S, Emslie and Sey- 
mour sts. 

ST. STANISLAUS (Polish), Peck- 
ham and Townsend sts. 

ST. STEPHEN'S, Elk st., near Smith 

ST. TERESA'S, Seneca and Eckhardt 
sts 

ST. VINCJiiNT'S (German and Eng- 
lish), 2033 Main st. 

SANTA LUCIA (Italian), Swan st., 
opp. Chicago . 

SEVEN DOLORS (German), 948 

TRANSFIGURATION (Polish), Syc- 
amore and Mills sts. 

VISITATION, Lovejoy and Green 
sts. 

The diocese of Buffalo includes 8 
counties in western New York. The 
bishop is the Right Rev. Charles H. 
Colton, D.D., and the episcopal resi- 
dence is at 1025 Delaware av. Busi- 
ness matters concerning the diocese 
are attended to at the Chancery Of- 
fice, 50 Franklin Street. 

Cattaraugus Indian Reservation 

lies partly in the towns of Brant and 
Collins, in the soutliern part of Eric 
county, and' partly in Chautauqna 
and Cattaraugus counties. The Irving 
stations on the Lake Shore and Penn- 
sylvania railroads, 28 miles from Buf- 
falo, are in the reservation, and it 
is reached also by the Buffalo & L. 
Erie electric cars. 

Cazenovia Creek enters Buffalo 
from the east near the south city line 
and unites with Buffalo river near 
South Park av. and Abbott rd. 

Cazenovia Park. — Near the south- 
east corner of the city, between Sen- 
eca st. and Abbott rd. and reached 
by Seneca st. cars. It contains 106 
acres and is traverst bv Cazeno\^ia 
Creek, which is expanded into a lake 



covering 6 acres, within the limits of 
the park. The eastern section of the 
grounds, including about 30 acres, is 
still in its natural state. There are 
3 base ball diamonds in this park, 
there is boating on the lake in sum- 
mer and skating in winter, and many 
picnics are held here. The park is 
provided with a convenient shelter 
house and there is a band-stand for 
Sunday afternoon concerts. 

Cemeteries. — The following is a list 
of the grounds consecrated to the 
burial of the dead in Buffalo or just 
outside the city limits. 
GERMAN M. E., Hertel av. near 

Military rd. 
BUFFALO, Pme Hill. 
CONCORDIA, Walden and Koons avs. 
ELMLAWN, Deleware av., Tona- 

wanda.* 
EVANGELICAL, Pine Hill. 
FOREST LAWN, Main st., Delavan 

and Delaware avs.* 
HOLY CROSS, Ridge Road, Lacka- 
wanna.* 
HOLY REST. Pine Hill. 
HOWARD FREE, Limestone Hill. 
JEWISH, Pine Hill. 
LAKESIDE, 271 acres, Athol Springs. 
MOUNT OLIVET, Delaware av., 

Tonawanda. 
RIDGE LAWN, Pine Hill. 
ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, Pine Hill. 
ST. STANISLAUS, (Polish), Pine 

Hill. 
UNITED GERMAN AND FRENCH 

R. C, Pine Hill. 
EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN, Koon 

av. near Genesee st. 
GERMAN EVANGELICAL SOC- 
IETY, Koons av. near Sycamore st. 
ST. STEPHENS SOCIETY, Koons av. 

near Genesee st. 
ST. FRANCIS XAVIER, Niagara st. 

and Esser av. 
UNITED EVANGELICAL, ST. 

JOHN'S, Military rd. near Hertel 



*See separate article. 



35 



Central Park is a residence locality 
ou the west side of Main st. south of 
Hertel av. It has a station on the 
Belt Line at Amherst st. 

Chamber of Commerce and Manu- 
facturers' Club.— Over 50 years ago, 
on April 18, 1857, was fovLud the 
Board of Trade of Buffalo, which, 
with changes of name to the Mer- 
chants' Exchange and later to the 
Chamber of Commerce, remaind for 
half a century the largest andmost 
important commercial organization in 
the city. In recent years it has oc- 
cupied part of the fourth floor in its 
own office building on Main st., run- 
ning through to Pearl st. The build- 
ing consists of two parts — the 8-story 
brown stone structure at the corner 
of Seneca and Pearl sts., erected in 
1883, and the addition, of white brick 
and glazed tile, 13 stories high, with 
a frontage on Main st., completed in 
its jubilee year. This is the highest 
building in Buffalo. Among the firms 
and corporations occupying large 
floor space are the Corn Exchange, 
which has a large trading room on 
the fourth floor and a set of offices 
on the eighth, the Columbia National 
bank, which occupies the Main st. 
frontage on the ground floor, the Mu- 
tual Transit Co., the Erie, Lake 
fehore and Lehigh Valley railroads. 
Brown & Co., vessel agents, the Pub- 
lic Service Commission, a number of 
the large elevator and milling com- 
panies and grain dealers, and several 
important law firms and insuranr-e 
agencies. Both the Western Union 
and the Postal telegraf companies 
have oflices in the building. 

Its purposes have been to investi- 
gate and push public improvements 
that would develop the growth of 
a '^Greater Buffalo;" to attract all 
lines of trade and manufacture to 
locate here; to enlarge the markets of 
its manufacturers and merchantis by 
attracting buyers to the city; to 



solve transportation problems bene- 
ficial to the city and i3revent condi- 
tions prejudicial to its interests; to 
secure just legislation; to disseminate 
accurate and reliable information; to 
procure uniformity in the customs and 
uses of all lines of trade; to broaden 
the acquaintance of its members and 
a knowledge of their affairs; and to 
create a spirit of co-operation and 
mutual help. Its members comprised 
merchants, manufacturers, bankers, 
lawyers, capitalists, and business men 
of all classes, and any person of good 
standing who desired to co-operate 
in promoting the above purposes, has 
always been welcomed to member- 
ship. 

Three affiliated organizations are 
the Eetail Merchants' Board, the 
Eeal Estate Association of the Cham- 
ber of Commerce and the Wholesale 
Merchants' Association. The Eetail 
Merchants ' Board regulates the so- 
liciting of advertising and donations 
from its members, issuing permits to 
the representatives of appiu)ved con- 
cerns, and has become the medium of 
united action as to credits, discounts, 
trading stamps, the prosecution of 
shoplifters, and other matters of com- 
mon interest. The Eeal Estate As- 
sociation acts in a similar way for 
the real estate trade of the city. 

The Wholesale Merchants' Associ- 
ation aims to bring into closer unity 
of effort the wholesale industries of 
the City so that they can act with 
greater force for the advancement 
of the City as a buying and manufac- 
turing center. To induce others to 
locate here; thru publicity as to the 
advantages Buffalo enjoys in the 
way of natural location, railroad and 
lake service, etc. 

The Traffic Bureau, having a Gen- 
eral Traffie Manager, co-operates 
with shippers and receivers and with 
railroads in matters of rates, ser- 
vice, etc. A Convention and Public- 




CHAMBER OF COMMERCE [BUILDING 



ity Bureau, an Industrial Bureau, 
etc., will be organized. 

The Chamber has paid especial at- 
tention to the work of collecting and 
diffusing information that would in- 
crease the trade and commerce of the 
city. Its attractive reading room is 
supplied with the daily papers from 
many cities and the chief commercial 
and industrial journals. It has col- 
lected a statistical library containing 
national and State publications re- 
lating to commerce and industry, the 
Congressional Eecord, consular re- 
ports^ crop reports, hydrographic 
maps, a hie of the Commercial Ad-" 
vertiser, Buffalo's leading mercantile 
newspaper, from 1856, and publica- 
tions of cities and boards of trade 
from all over the country. The per- 
sonal assistance of the secretary has 
also been given to inquirers and cor- 
respondents. 

Early in 1910 the Chamber of Com- 
merce and the Manufacturers' Club 
united in one body under the name at 
the head oi this article. The Manu- 
facturers' Club was organized in 1901 
and came rapidly to the front as an 
agency for advancing trade and pub- 
lic interests in Buffalo. Before the 
consolidation it occupied the 8rd floor 
of the Coal and Iron Exchange build- 
ing, where it had its offices, a well ap- 
pointed restaurant, and club rooms. 
Co-operation has been the keynote of 
its work, for its leading spirits saw 
clearly that many times as great re- 
sults could be accomplisht by united 
action as by the same amount of ef- 
fort expended individually. In July, 
1909, it began the publication of the 
Live Wire, a monthly bulletin record- 
ing the progress of the club. Its 
greatest achievement is the institut- 
ing of annual exhibitions of Buffalo 
manufacturers, the first of which was 
held in 1908, in Convention Hall, and 
the second in the Arsenal buildine- on 
Broadway, in October, 1909. This 



work of the club has receivd the 
most cordial praise from all sides. 

When the union of the two bodies 
was decided upon, the president of 
the Chamber of Commerce was El- 
liott C. McDougal, president of the 
Bank of Buffalo, and one of a long 
line of prominent merchants and 
bankers who have held the office, and 
its secretary, was Fenton M. Parke, 
a leading real estate dealer, whose 
valuable work as chairman of the 
real estate committee of the Chamber 
led to his selection for the important 
duties of its executive officer. These 
and a majority of the other officers 
retired, and William E. Eobertson, 
who was president of the Manufac- 
turers' Club, became president of the 
united organization. The new board 
of directors consists of 24 members 
and special questions are referd to 
standing committees. Mr. Parke was 
reappointed secretary and Edward B. 
Harvey, who was secretary of the 
Manufacturers' Club was appointed 
financial secretary. 

Charities.— The spirit of helpful- 
ness to the unfortunate is manifested 
in Buffalo in many forms. The city, 
the county, the churches, numerous 
benevolent societies and many indivi- 
duals contribute to supply food, shel- 
ter, medical attendance, fuel, cloth- 
ing, employment and sometimes 
money to the needy. All of these 
agencies have plenty of opportunities 
for extending their usefulness and 
contributions both of material aid 
.nd the time of sympathetic judicious 
workers will be gladly receivd. Lists 
of -dispensaries and hospitals will be 
found under those heads. The fol- 
lowing is a list of the other chari- 
table institutions and societies in 
the city, some of which are describ- 
ed in separate articles. 

BUFFALO CHILDREN 'S AID 
SOCIETY, 261 Delaware av. Main- 



38 



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tains a home for boys from 10 to 
18 years of age, with a capacity for 
100. Nonsectarian. Working boys 
pay board according to what they 
earn. Those under 15 must attend 
public school. 

BUFFALO OEPHAN ASYLUM, 
403 Virginia -St.* 

* ASYLUM OF OUE LADY OF 
EEFUGE, 485 Best st. A home for 
orfans, 

BUFFALO ASSOCIATION FOE 
THE BLIND, workshop at 489 Elli- 
cott st. 

BXOCHEE HOME^ Williamsville. 
For the aged. 

CATHOLIC PEOTECTOEY FOE 
GIELS, 485 Best st. Occupies a 
wing of the Asylum of Our Lady 
of Eefugee, commonly called the 
House of the Good Shepherd, sur- 
rounded by beautiful and well shad- 
ed grounds. For reclaiming way- 
ward girls, 14 years of age and up- 
ward. They are taught housework 
and sewing and given a common 
school education and thoro relig- 
ious training. Those who have a 
talent for music are given a chance 
to develop it. Near relatives are 
permitited to visit /them once a 
month. Conducted by Sisters of the 
Good Shepherd. 

CHAEITY OEGANIZATION SO- 
CIETY, 19 West Tupper st.* 

CHUECH CHAEITY FOUNDA- 
TION HOME, 835 Front av. For 
the aged. 

CEIPPLED CHILDEEN 'S 
GUILD, College st. 

COLLEGE CEECHE, 77 Goodell st. 

DISTEICT NUESING ASSOCIA- 
TION. 732 Chamber of Commerce 
bldg. 

CATHOLIC PEOTECTOEY FOE 
BOYS. See St. John's Protectory. 

EVANGELICAL LUTHEEAN ST. 



JOHN'S OEPHAN HOME, Mineral 
Spring rd.. West Seneca. 

CHUECH HOME OF THE GEE- 
MAN EVANGELICAL CHUECHES, 
Broadway at City line. For the 
aged. 

EEIE COUNTY ALMSHOUSE. 
Aid is given to the homeless poor of 
Erie county in the almshouse, sit- 
uated on Main st,, at the northeast 
corner of the city. The grounds 
contain 44,19 acres. There are 
400 to 500 inmates, and those who 
are able cultivate part of the land, 
raising vegetables for the use of the 
institution. The main building is 
of stone, and is 4 stories high. Visi- 
tors are admitted any day, Down 
town office, 241 Terrace. 

EEIE COUNTY LODGING 
HOUSE, 29 Franklin st. 

FEDEEATED JEWISH CHAEI- 
TIES, 456 Jefferson st. 

FEESH AIE MISSION, 19 W. 
Tupper St.* 

GENESEE CONFEEENCE DEA- 
CONESS HOME, 292 Niagara st. 
A headquarters for women workers 
who visit and find aid for the poor, 
nurse the sick, and give encourage- 
ment and guidance' to those in 
trouble. 

GUAED OF HONOE, 620-22 Wash- 
ington st. Provides free lodging 
for men out of employment; 29 beds. 

GEEMAN CATHOLIC OEPHAN 
ASYLUM, 564 Dodge st. About 375 

-1 -r\ TYl Q ^ PQ 

GEEMAN SOCIETY FOE DEAC- 
ONESS WOEK, 218 Kingsley st. 

HOME FOE THE FEIENDLESS, 
1500 Main st. Incorporated 1868. 
A home for aged women who have 
resided in Buffalo at least two years. 
Life residents must convey any 
property that they have to the Home, 
and are expected to contribute at 
least $250. Additional money and 



'See separate article. 



40 



supplies are given by the society 
conducting the Home and its friends. 
Younger women and girls of good 
character are admitted for short 
periods and assisted in securing em- 
ployment or reaching their former 
homes. 

INGLESIDE HOME, 70 Harvard 
pi. Establisht in 1869 to help er- 
ring women and girls to return to 
respectability and industry. It has 
a substantial brick building sur- 
rounded by large trees and a garden 
in which the vegetables for the 
Home are raisd. Inmates are 
taught housework and sewing and a 
steam laundry gives them employ- 
ment. There are usually about 50 
girls and women and about 10 in- 
fants at the Home. President, Mrs. 
W. Bowen Moore; secretary, Mrs. 
Henry A. Hunt. 

INFANT JESUS DAY NUESEEY, 
790 Fillmore av. (Polish). 

LE COUTEULX ST. MAEY'S IN- 
STITUTION, 2253 Main st. In- 
corporated 1853. A home school 
for deaf mutes in charge of the 
Sisters of St. Joseph, a Catholic 
order. It gives some mental but 
principally industrial training to 
both boys and girls, having about 
200 pupils of which about one-fifth 
are paying pupils. 

NEIGHBOEHOOD HOUSE, Oak 
and Goodell sts. 

OVEESEEE OF THE POOE, 44 
W. Seneca, st. Has charge of the 
relief given by the city. 

EEMINGTON GOSPEL SETTLE- 
MENT. 150 Erie st. 

ST. ELIZABETH HOME, 73 Pine 

St. 

ST. MAEY'S INFANT ASYLUM, 

126 Edward st. Orfans reeeivd 
each vear, about 600; patients, about 
200. 



SALVATION AEMY, Men's In- 
dustrial dept., 97 E. Seneca st. Wo- 
men's Eescue Home, 69 Cottage st. 
German Branch, 339 E. Genesee st. 

ST. JOSEPH'S MALE OEPHAN 
ASYLUM, Lackawanna. About 250 
inmates. 

ST. VINCENT'S FEMALE OE- 
PHAN ASYLUM, 1138 Ellicott st. 
400 inmates. 

ST. FEANCIS ASYLUM, 337 Pine 
St. For the aged; about 275 in- 
mates. 

ST. JOHN'S PEOTECTOEY, 
Lackawanna. A disciplinary indus- 
trial school for boys. Average num- 
ber of inmates, 600. Mgr. Nelson H. 
Baker, supt. 

SUPEEINTENDENT OF THE 
POOE, 241 Terrace.* Has charge of 
the relief given by Erie county. 

UNION EESCUE HOME, 387 
Washington st. 

VOLUNTEEES OF AMEEICA, 93 
Broadway. 

WATSON HOUSE, 282 Babeock 

St. 

WELCOME HALL, 404 Seneca st. 
■ WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL AND 
INDUSTEIAL UNION, 86 Delaware 
av.* 

WOEKING BOYS' HOME OF 
THE SACEED HEAET, 35 Niagara 
sq. 80 inmates. 

YOUNG MEN'S CHEISTIAN AS- 
SOCIATION, W. Genesee st.* 

YOUNG WOMEN'S CHEISTIAN 
ASSOCIATION, 19 W. Mohawk st.* 

WESTMINSTEE HOUSE, Mon- 
roe st. near Broadway. A social 
settlement establisht in 1895 to 
improve the moral, social and econo- 
mic conditions in that section of the 
city in which it is located. The 
agencies thru which it operates 
are a kindergarten, clubs for small 
children, for girls, women and men, 



■See separate artrcle. 



41 



A sewing school, manual training, 
athletics, housekeeping classes, mil- 
linery and dressmaking instruction, 
social meetings, a penny provident 
bank, a branch of the public library, 
illustrated lectures, a summer camp 
and excursions, etc. There are also 
a settlement nurse and several non- 
resident visitors. 

ZION HOUSE, 456 Jefeerson st; 

Charity Organization Society — The 

aim of this society, the first of its 
kind in America, founded in 1877, is 
to make kindness to the unfortunate 
in Buffalo systematic, wise and effi- 
cient. It has a main office at 19 
W. Tupper st. with branches at 165 
E. Swan st. (in Fitch Institute) and 
1079 Broadway (in Dom Polski). 
Except for finding employment, its 
aid is usually given only to families 
in which there is no able-bodied 
man. It seeks to make every such 
family self-supporting, by discover- 
ing and removing the causes of its 
poverty, and aims to prevent fraud, 
public begging and all forms of so- 
cial parasitism. It furnishes to 
churches, societies and individuals 
facilities for hearty co-operation, 
both in aiding the poor and in im- 
proving social conditions. 

In ordinary 'years, from 1500 to 
2000 families, consisting of 6000 to 
8000 persons, receive aid thru the 
society. Sickness and hunger and 
cold are relievd promptly and then 
a district visitor studies the family 
and plans further aid. The society 
maintains employment bureaus from 
which employers ma}'^ obtain men 
for various kinds of labor and wo- 
men for washing and cleaning. It 
gives legal aid to families deprived 
of their rights and it encourages 
thrift among children hv receiving 
penny savings deposits. It has also 
co-operated in many movements for 
the prevention of poverty, such as 
the enactment and enforcement of 



the tenement house, child labor and 
truancy laws, the discovery and cor- 
rection of physical defects in school 
children, the establishment of the 
county lodging house, city baths and 
playgrounds and the people 's gard- 
ens and the passage of laws con- 
cerning probation, wife desertion, 
chattel mortgages and employment 
bureaus. All who can give money, 
time, professional skill, employment, 
food, clothing, fuel or other sup- 
plies for the poor can be sure that 
their contributions will be wisely 
distributed by this society. The pop- 
ulation of the city is now three times 
as large as it was in 1877, when the 
society was founded, but the numbei 
of dependent families has actually 
been reduced. The general officers 
are, president, Ansley Wilcox and 
secretary, Frederick Almy. 
(See Fitch Institute). 

Chautauqua Lake lies about 65 
miles southwest of Buffalo and is 20 
miles long with a breadth of from 
one to two miles. At its northwest 
end, which is about 8 miles from 
Lake Erie, is Mayville, the county 
seat of Chautauqua county, and on 
its outlet at the southeast end is 
the city of Jamestown. Its waters 
flow thru a creek into the Alleg- 
heny river. A railroad, a steamer 
and a trolley line furnish transporta- 
tion to the many delightful resorts 
that dot its shores. Sunday excur- 
sions at reduced rates are offerd by 
the railroads in summer and adver- 
tised in the newspapers. 

Near the head of the lake on the 
west side are the Assembly Grounds 
of the Chautanqua Institution, the 
famous organization for summer 
school and correspondence teaching. 
Its post office is Chautauqua, N. Y. 
Lots for cottages inside the grounds 
are leased for long terms, and the 
Hotel Athenaeum, and many board- 
ing and rooming cottages accommo- 



42 



date those who do not own houses. 
The Institution conducts courses of 
lectures and concerts, a daily de- 
votional hour and classes in many- 
subjects, during the months of July 
and August. Admission to the 
grounds, with the privilege of at- 
tending the lectures and concerts is 
50c a day, $2 a week or $7.50 for 
the season, A quiet Sunday is en- 
forced; no cars or steamers stop at 
the grounds and no one is admitted 
without an urgent reason. Circulars 
of information are issued by the 
Institution. 

Cheektowaga is a town of Erie 
county adjoining Buffalo on the east. 
It contains the village of Sloan and 
about half of Depw. 

CJhippawa is a village on the 
Canadian side of the Niagara river, 
about 2 miles above the Falls. 
Eeached by electric cars from the 
uppper steel arch bridge, fare 15c., 
or Michigan Central R. R. In a field 
about a mile south of the village, a 
battle was fought, July 5, 1814, in 
which the Americans defeated the 
British. The only trace of military 
operations remaining is the mound of 
a redout on the iland at the mouth 
of Chippawa creek. 

Church of Christ (Disciples). — 

The following are the churches of 
this denomination in Buffalo: 

FOREST AVENUE, Forest av. 
and Danforth st. 

JEFFERSON STREET, Jefferson 
St. near E. Utica. 

KEHR STREET, Kehr st. and 
Winslow av. 

KENSINGTON, Kensington av. 
and Grider st. 

RICHMOND AVENUE, Richmond 
av. and Bryant st. 

Churches. — All the large denom- 
inations of the United States have 
churches in Buffalo and the visitor is 



pretty sure to find a place of wor- 
ship of his own or some related de- 
nomination, where he will be made 
at home. A list will be found under 
the name of each denomination hav- 
ing 5 or more churches in the city. 
All others, including non-sectarian 
missions, appear below. 

BUFFALO SOCIETY OF THE 
NEW JETIUSALEM (Swedenbor- 
gian), W. Utica and Atlantic sts. 

CATHOLIC APOSTOLIC, 480 
Hickory st. 

CHRIST'S MISSION (Christian 
Advent), 90 Hedley pi. 

CHURCH OF THE MESSIAH, 
(Universalist), North and Mariner 
sts. 

EAST SIDE MISSION, 366 E. 
Eagle st. 

FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST 
(Scientist), S. E. corner Jersey st. 
and Prospect av. 

FIRST FREE METHODIST, Vir- 
ginia and 10th sts. 

FIRST SPIRITUAL, Prospect av. 
and Jersey st. 

FIRST UNITARIAN, Elmwood av. 
and W. Ferry st. 

GERMAN TEMPLE SOCIETY, 
366 E. Eagle st. 

GRACE UNIVERSALIST, Lafay- 
ette av. and Hoyt st. 

LAFAYETTE AVENUE RE- 
FORMED, Herkimer st. near Lafay- 
ette av. 

PARKSIDE UNITARIAN, Am- 
herst st. near Main. 

ST. PETER'S AND ST. PAUL'S 
RUSSIAN GREEK ORTHODOX, 35 
Ideal st. 

SALVATION ARMY, Corps No. 
1, 289 Washington st.; Corps No. 2, 
265 E. Genesee st.; Corps No. 3, 8 
Pearl st. 

SECOND CHURCH OF CHRIST 
(Scientist), Twentieth Century Club 
Hall. 

SECOND FREE METHODIST, 
175 Potomac av. 



43 



THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, 641 
Main st. 

SWEDISH EVANGELICAL MIS- 
SION, 27 Bremen st. 

UNITED BEET II REN IN 
CHRIST, Laurel and Masten sts. 

VOLUNTEERS OF AMERICA, 11 
W. Eagle St. 

City and County Hall. — -A single 
imposing building, ownd and main- 
taind jointly by Erie county and the 
city of Buffalo, serves as city hall 
and county court house and accom- 
modates several of the county of- 
fices. It occupies the block bounded 
by Eagle, Franklin and Church sts. 
and Delaware av., with entrances on 
both the Franklin st. and Delaware 
SiV. sides. It is a handsome struc- 
ture in the Norman style of archi- 
tecture, and is built of Maine gran- 
it. The total cost was $1,328,676 
and it was completed in 1876. Over 
the central section a clock tower 
rises to the height of 268 feet. On 
a level with the clock faces four 
statues representing Justice, Agri- 
culture, Commerce and Mechanic 
Arts adorn the four corners of the 
tower. They are 16 feet high and 
weigh 14 tons each. 

There are three floors for ofi&ces 
and court rooms. On the first floor 
are the oflS.ces of the Surrogate, 
County Clerk, County Treasurer, 
Sheriff, City Clerk, City Treasurer 
and some other city departments. 
On the second floor are the of&ces of 
the Mayor, the Commissioner of 
Jurors, District' Attorney and As- 
sessors, while the rest of the floor 
is occupied by the Supreme and 
County Courts. The third floor af- 
fords space for other court rooms 
and for the halls of the Councilmen, 
Aldermen and Supervisors. In the 
center of the rotunda, a bronze plate 
in the floor tiling marks the spot 
where the body of President Mc- 
Kinley laid in state. The care of 



the building is vested in a bouid ul' 
control, consisting of 6 Commis- 
sioners and a Superintendent. The 
growth of public business and the. 
creation of new departm'fents have 
demanded more space than the hall 
afforded and it has been supplement- 
ed by the erection of the City Court 
building and by the purchase and 
remodelling of another building, now 
known as the Municipal Building. 

City Clerk. — The clerk of the Com- 
mon Coucil, who is also the City 
Clerk, is elected by the Common 
Council in January of each even 
numbefd year. His office is on the 
first floor of the city hall. Present 
city clerk, Harold J. Balliett, 

City Court Building. — Altho the 
City and County Hall is a large 
building, it could not serve for many 
years as the city hall of a rapidly 
growing city and as a court house 
and county office building combined 
in one. Acordingly in 1889 a build- 
ing was erected on the opposit side 
of Delaware av. to house the over- 
flow. This was used for 20 years by 
the Municipal Court and several city 
departments but in 1910 was turnd 
over entirely to the newly organized 
City Court. It is a 3-story structure 
of brick and brown-stone, of pleas- 
ing but not pretentious architecture, 
and stands next to the jail on Dela- 
ware av. 

Clearing House. — The Buffalo 
Clearing House Association was 
formd in April, 1889, and occupies 
rooms over the Marine bank. Nearly 
all the commercial banks and trust 
companies in the city are members. 
The clearances for the year 1909 
were $467,876,993.23, which is over 
56 million more than 1908. The 
president of the association is El- 
liott C. McDougal, the secretary is 
Edward A. Weppner and the superin- 
tendent is Edward W. Dann. 



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Clubs.- — The following clubs main- 
tain houses or rooms for the use of 
their members: 

ACACIA, Masonic Temple, 43 
Niagara st. 

AMICUS, 785 Main st. 

AMISTAD, 8 Kealty bldg. 

APOLLO, 910 Main st. 

AUTOMOBILE, 760 Main st. 

BUFFALO YACHT, foot of Porter 
av. 

BUFFALO, 388 Delaware av. 

BUFFALO WHIST AND CHESS, 
2 Williams blk. 

CALUMET, 52 W. Chippewa st. 

BUFFALO CAMERA, 515 Elm- 
wood av. 

CATHEDRAL, 1 Delaware av. 

COLONIAL, 509 Lafayette av. 

BUFFALO COMMERCE, W. 
Market and Perry sts. 

COSMOPOLITAN, 379 William st. 

COUNTRY, Main st. beyond city 
line. 

ELK'S, 211 Delaware av. 

ELLICOTT, 1006 Ellicott sq. ' 

EMES, Delaware av. and Chip- 
pewa st. 

ERIE, 44 Chapin blk. 

GARRETT, 205 Bryant st. 

IDLE WOOD, Lake View, N. ^ . 

MANUFACTURERS' 33 Coal und 
Iron Ex. 

MEADOW, 111 Parkside av. 

MOTOR BOAT, Motor Island. 
• MUSICIANS, 16 E. Eagle st. 

OAKFIELD, Grand Island, N. Y. 

OTOWEGA, Starin and Linden 
avs. 

PARK, 1401 Elmwood av. 

SATURN, Delaware av. and Ed- 
ward st. 

ST. COLUMBA'S, 431 E. Eagle st. 

ST. TERESA'S, 1974 Seneca st. 

TRANSPORTATION, Lafayette 
Hotel. 

TWENTIETH CENTURY, 595 
Delaware av. 

UNION, Main and Virginia sts. 

UNIVERSITY, 546 Delaware Av. 



UNCLE SAM, Labor Temple, Jef- 
ferson st. 

Colleges. — The following are the 
institutions in Buffalo empowerd to 
confer collegiate or professional de- 
grees. They are described in sep- 
arate articles. 

CANISIUS COLLEGE, Washing- 
ton st. near E. Tupper. 

D'YOUVILLE COLLEGE, Pros- 
pect and Porter avs. 

GERMAN THEOLOGICAL MAR- 
TIN LUTHER SEMINARY, 154 
Maple st. 

UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO, 
Medical school, 20 High st.; Dental 
school, Goodrich st. ; Law school, 
Ellicott Square. 

Common Council. — The legislative 
power of the city is vested in the 
Common Council, which consists of 
a board of councilmen and a board 
of aldermen. The sittings of both 
boards are public. There is a presi- 
dent of the Common Council, elected 
by the two boards pointly for two 
3^ears, who presides at joint sessions 
of the boards. By custom the presi- 
dent is chosen from the councilmen 
and the aldermen alternately. 

Comptroller. — The comptroller is 
the chief fiscal officer of the city and 
is elected by the people for a term 
of four years. He countersigns 
warrants drawn on the city treasurer 
and receipts issued by the treasurer 
and keeps records of the same, ap- 
points an auditor, with the concur- 
rence of the common council, to ex- 
amin bills against the city, makes 
up each year an estimate of the ex- 
penses of the city for the next fiscal 
year, and when the estimate has 
been revised and adopted, he ap- 
portions the tax required thereby. 
The comptroller has charge of the 
sale of bonds issued by the city, 
the sale of land for unpaid taxes, 



46 



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47 



and performs such other, duties as of the city, and is elected by the 
are necessary in superintending the people for a term of four years. He 
fiscal concerns of the city. His appoints an attorney, assistant at- 
office is on the first floor of the city torney and various clerks. He ad- 
hall. Present comptroller, William vises all ofldcers and departments of 
G Justice. the city on legal questions regarding 

Concerts.-See Music. f ^ir powers and duties, prepares 

, ^, , n^n ^ 1 forms of contracts, bonds and obliga- 

Congregational Ghurches— The fol- ^^ proposals for public works and 
lowing are the churches of this de- ^^^^^^ jg^^j instruments as are need- 
nomination m Buttalo: , ed by any department. He investi- 

FITCH MEMORIAL, Clmton and ^^^J ^^^\^^ against the city for 

Fenton sts. . -n, , personal iniuries and has charge of 

FIRST, Elmwood av. and Bryant ^jj j^g^j proceedings in which the 

^^- ^ ,^ . ^ city is a party. His office is on the 

NIAGARA SQUARE, north side ^j^-^,^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^i^y j^^U^ Present 

of Niagara sq. corporation counsel, Judge Clark H. 

PILGRIM, Richmond av. and jjammond 
Breckenridge st. 

PLYMOUTH, Military rd. and Councilmen.— The board of coun- 

Grote st. cilmen consists of 9 members. At 

Convention Hall.— When the 74th tlie election in each odd numberd 
Regiment secured its present arm- ^f ^r, the people of the city at large 
ory in 1900, its former armorv at elect alternately 5 or 4 couencilmen 
Virginia st. and Elmwood av; be- ^^^ ^ term of four years It is the 
came the property of the city. The cluty of the councilmen to act upon 
building was remodeld and "became all measures originating m the board 
Convention Hall. After the Pan- of aldermen. The two boards .pmtly 
American Exposition, the great organ elect a president of the common 
used in the Temple of Music was council and the city clerk, 
purchased by James N. Adam, since County Clerk. — This ofi&cer is 
mayor of Buffalo, and presented to elected by the people of the county 
the city. It was placed in Con- for a term of 3 years. The county 
vention Hall and is used in organ clerk's . office is in the first floor of 
recitals and concerts provided by the Citv and County Hall. His 
the city »on Sunday afternoons in duties are varied and multifarious, 
winter, to which adnr'ssion is free. He is. the clerk of the county courts 
The hall seats 3000 and is rented and of the supreme courts sitting in 
for trade conventions and shows. tJbiis county, and as such has the cus- 
political meetings, balls, concerts tody of all orders, papers and docu- 
and other large gatherings. The ments of these courts which are re- 
Grand Army posts in this city have quired by law to be filed. He is 
the use of a set of rooms on the 3d also the recorder of deeds, mort- 
floor, including a small hall, free, gages, certificates of incorporation. 
The official custodian of the organ judgments, assignments and dis- 
is Simon Fleischman and the custod- charges of mortgages, and documents 
ian of the building is Henry L. of many other sorts and kinds. 
Meech. Most of these records are open to 

Corporation Counsel. — This officer the public. The present xjounty 

is the head of the law department clerk is John H. Price. 

48 . 



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49 



County Treasurer is elected by 
the people for a term of 3 years. 
He receives the county taxes and 
all other funds of the county and 
disburses such funds as directed by 
the board of supervisors. His office 
is on the first floor of the City and 
County hall. Present county treas- 
urer, Frank A. Beyer. 



Jan. 1, 1910 is 1068. The president 
of the company is Dr. Charles Cary 
and business matters are attended 
to by the treasurer, George S, Met- 
calfe, at his office, 819 White bldg. 
Crescent Beach is a part of the 
Canadian shore of Lake Erie opposit 
Buffalo. It adjoins Fort Erie Grove 
and is a favorit dwelling place for 




THE BUFFALO CREMATORY 



Crematory. — The building of the 
Buffalo Cremation Co. stands on 
West Delavan av., opposit Forest 
Lawn cemetery, and is reached by 
Forest av. cars. In addition to the 
facilities for cremation, it contains 
a chapel for funeral services and a 
columbarium. The building is of 
brown sandstone and its architecture 
is appropriate to the chapel within. 
The walls are partly coverd with 
ivy. The number of incinerations 
that have taken place here up to 



cottagers in summer. It has a sta- 
tion on the Grand Trunk E. E. 

Cruelty to Animals, Erie County 
Society for the Prevention of. — 

This society was incorporated in 
1888. Its office is at 36 W. Huron St., 
where visitors are always welcome. 
President, DeWitt Clinton, record- 
ing and coresponding secretary, 
Miss Margaret F. Kochester. 

Cruelty to Children, Queen City 
Society for the Prevention of. — 



50 



This society was incorporated in 
1879 to provide effective means for 
tlie purpose exprest in its name, and 
for the enforcement of all laws 
having the same object. Its oflfice is 
at 62 Delaware av. President, Ed- 
ward H. Butler; secretary, James 
McC. Mitchell; superintendent, B. 
A. Churchill. 

Crystal Beach is the largest of 
the excursion and cottage resorts 
near Buffalo. It is on the Canadian 
shore of Lake Erie, nearly opposit 
the city and is reached by steamers 
eight or ten times a day from the 
foot of Main st. The Lake Erie Ex- 
cursion Co., which conducts this 
resort, built the Americana in 1908 
and a twin steamer in 1910 ex- 
pressly for this service. The run is 
about 12 miles and is made in an 
hour, or less. Round trip fare, 25c. 
Can be reached also by Grand Trunk 
railroad to Ridgeway thence by 
omnibus, and a trolley line between 
Port Colborne and Fort Erie is to 
be running to the beach by July, 
1910. The bathing beach is excel- 
lent and suits and bath houses can 
be hired at moderate prices. The 
amusements include dancing, bowl- 
ing, roller skating, roller coasting, 
merry-go-round, boating, target 
shooting, fortune telling, etc., etc. 
There are two hotels and many 
places for the sale of eatables and 
drinkables. No liquor is sold on 
the steamers or at the beach. Small 
summer cottages line the shore for a 
mile and there are others farther 
from the water, on streets running 
back from the picnic grounds.' 

Custom House. — The revenue col- 
lection district of Buffalo Creek was 
establisht in 1805 and it includes the 
U. S. frontier from Cattaraugus 
creek to Tonawanda creek. The of- 
fice of the collector of the port is on 
the 3d floor of the Federal Building 



and there are sub ports at W. Ferry 
St., North Buffalo and Tonawanda. 
There is also a sub-office in East 
Buffalo and a night clearance office 
at the foot of Main st. The ap 
praiser's stores are in the old Fed- 
eral Building at Washington and 
Exchange sts. The total customs re- 
ceipts of this port for the fiscal year 
ending June 30, 1909, were $1,293,- 
896.75. 




51 




u 

f 



52 



D 



Delaware Park lies between Main 
st. and Elmwood av. in the northern 
part of the city. This is the chief 
of Buffalo's parks, containing 365 
acres. The carriage drives are ar- 
tistically laid out and kept in excel- 
lent condition. Bridle paths are 
provided for horseback riding, which 
is allowd also on the open stretch 
of greensward calld the Meadow. 
There are golf links in the Meadow 
and several baseball grounds at one 
end. Near its center is a boulder 
with a tablet bearing this inscrip- 
tion: ''To the memory of unnamed 
soldiers of the War of 1812, who died 
of camp disease and were buried 
here. Dedicated July 4, 1896." 

In the northern end of the park, 
north of the Meadow, space has 
been set apart for a zoological col- 
lection, reached by Main-Zoo-Ken- 
more street cars. The Elmwood cars 
pass by the western end, and here 
are located the Albright Art Gal- 
lery and the building of the Buffalo 
Historical Society. In this section 
Sca,iaquada creek expands into the 
Park Lake, covering 46 acres. Eow 
boats may be hired here at 25c an 
hour and canoes at 40c. On the shore 
of the lake is the Casino, a two 
story building. Kefreshments are 
sold on the second floor, while the 
lower floor serves as the boat house. 
Private canoes as well as those to 
rent are kept here. Near the Casino 
is the band stand where open air 
concerts are given on Sunday after- 
noons in summer. Swans and other 
water fowl sail upon the lake, and 
squirrels scamper up and down the 
trees in all parts of the enclosure. 
Among the artistic constructions 
that beautify the park are several 
bridges, one of which has two finely 
sculptured stone lions at each end, a 



Iironzc statue representing David, 
the McMillan Memorial Fountain 
and a heroic bust of Mozart. 

Department Stores. — The modern 
idea of many kinds of goods under 
one roof might be considerd as -a 
turn backward to the general store 
of the small village. But the sim- 
ilarity between the general store 
and the department store is only on 
the suface, while the difference be- 
tween them is radical. A forward 
step was taken when separate stores, 
each devoted to a special class of 
goods, succeeded the general store of 
the village, and it is a long stride 
further in advance to a group of 
these special stores, each with its 
traind manager, combined in one 
great establishment. Buffalo has 
quite a number of these modern es- 
tablishments, which cater most ac- 
ceptably to the wants of its resi- 
dents and draw much patronage 
from the surrounding country. 

Going south on Main st. from the 
residential district, we come first to 
the store of the Wilson Co. at 563-565 
Main st., above Chippewa. This is 
Buffalo's newest department store, 
opend in 1910, and has at once 
taken an enviable place in the list 
of the city's enterprises.* 

Nearly opposit is Flint & Kent's, 
554-562 Main st. This old estab- 
lisht house has a national reputa- 
tion for high standards in its meth- 
ods and the choice class of its mer- 
chandise. Its motive has been ex- 
cellence rather than volume.* 

Next we come to the Hens & Kelly 
Co., 478-488 Main st., corner of 
Mohawk, which is a popular price es- 
tablishment, with a large number of 
departments. 

In the same block is the H. A. 
Meldrum Co., 460-470 Main st., also 
with many departments and offering 



^See separate article. 



33 




THE^;i812 BOULDER ON THE PARK MEADOW 



54 



goods of substantial value. Its 
increasing tradp has necessitated a 
large addition to the building on the 
Pearl st. side, opend in 1910. 

Nearly opposit is the Wm. Hen- 
gerer Co., 457-471 Main st., occupy- 
ing a fine building erected in 1904, 
to which two stories were added in 
1910. This store is carried on in 
connection with McCreery's, in New 
York. Its range of goods is wide 
and includes a large grocery and 
baked goods department. The Hen- 
gerer lunch room is a favorit resort 
for Buffalo shoppers and in the Hen- 
gerer tea room many afternoon card 
parties are held. 

Below Court st., at 396-408 Main, 
is the Adam, Meldrum & Anderson 
Co., with a wide variety of goods 
and maintaining a high standard of 
quality. This store also is to have 
an addition on the Pearl st. side.* 

Nearly opposit, at 383-393 Main st. 
is J. N. Adam & Co. where reliable 
goods of many kinds can be found 
at mo'derate prices. A section of 
its building was rebuilt so as to af- 
ford more space, in 1910. 

Four blocks further down, at 256- 
268 Main st., is the Sweeney Co., 
another popular price store, where 
a wide variety of goods can be 
found. 

Going out Broadway we come to 
Wiessman & Eiss, at' Nos. 959-963, 
corner of Fillmore av., Siegrist & 
Fraley's branch store, at Nos. 1018- 
1028, and F. Erion & Co., 1025-1029, 
which meet many wants at the pop- 
ular prices demanded by their pat- 
rons. 

On William st. we find C. Mach- 
emer, at 209-215, and Siegrist & 
Fraley^s main store, 508-518, which 
are similar to the Broadway stores 
in their prices and patronage. 



^See separate article. 



Depew is a factory village east of 
Buffalo establisht by the N. Y. 
Central E| E. Besides the locomo- 
tive works of the Central, the fol- 
lowing companies have their fac- 
tories here: American Car and Foun- 
dry Co., National Car Wheel Co., 
Gould Coupler Co., Empire Smelting 
Co., Magnus Metal Co., Eailway Steel 
Spring Co. and Union Car Manufac- 
turing Co. 

Eeached by N. Y. Central E. E.; 
the northern part of the village is 
reached also by street cars connect- 
ing with the Genesee st. line and the 
southern part by cars to Lancaster. 

Detectives. — The police depart- 
ment maintains an efficient detective 
force. There are also several pri- 
vate detective agencies which do a 
legitimate business, one of the most 
reliable being the Byrne National 
Detective Bureau. There are, unfor- 
tunately, some others of unsavory 
reputation, whose methods are semi- 
criminal. Any one requiring the ser- 
vices of private detectives had bet- 
ter make the selection upon the ad- 
vice of a lawyer of good standing. 

De Veaux College. — This is an in- 
stitution at Niagara Falls, N. Y., for 
the free education of youth of the 
Protestant Episcopal Church. It was 
founded by means of a legacy in the 
will of Judge Samuel De Veaux of 
that city, who died in 1852. Its 
grounds are on the edge of the Gorge, 
opposit the Whirlpool. 

Devil's Hole is a chasm in the 
wall of the Niagara Gorge 3 miles 
above Lewiston, where Indians mas- 
sacred the drivers and escort of an 
ox-wagon train carrying goods 
around the rapids and Falls of Nia- 
gara in 1763. Two companies hur- 
rid up from the fort at Lewiston to 
protect the wagon train and were 
also butcherd. At the foot of the 
cliff down which the bodies of the 



victims were tln'own, near the tracks 
of the Niagara Gorge E. E., a tablet 
commemorating the event was placed 
in 1902. High up in the wall of the 
chasm is a cave that gives it its 
name. The tablet bears this inscrip- 
tion: '^At the top of the cliff above 
this spot, September 14, 1763, oc- 
curred the Devil's Hole Massacre, 
where 500 Seneca Indians ambushed 
a British supply train, massacred its 
escort and hurled bodies and wagons 
into the chasm below, only three, 
John Steadman, William Matthews 
and one other escaping. 

Erected by Niagara Gorge Eail- 
road Co. and presented to Niagara 
Frontier Landmarks Association, 
1902." 

Dispensaries for the treatment of 
poor patients who are able to go to 
and from their homes, are maintaind 
in the following locations: 

BABIES MILK DISPENSAEY, 19 
W. Tupper st. 

BUFFALO EYE AND EAE IN- 
FIEMAEY, 671-3 Michigan st. 

CHAEITY EYE, EAE AND 
THEOAT HOSPITAL, 166 Broad- 
way. 

GOOD SAMAEITAN, 188 Seneca 

St. 

ST. JOHN'S CHUECH, 357 Forest 
av. 

UNIVEESITY OF BUFFALO, 20 
High St. Has a dental department. 

GEEMAN HOSPITAL, 736 Jef- 
ferson st. 

TUBEECULOSIS, 165 E. Swan st. 

Docks.— The plant of the Buffalo 
Dry Dock Co., at Michigan and 
Ganson sts., is equipt for building 
and repairing vessels up to the larg- 
est size that ply the Great Lakes. 
It has 3 dry docks and its No. 2 
dock is 621 feet long while the 
largest lake steamer afloat is only a 
little over 600 feet in length. (See 
also Wharves and Docks.) 



Dogs. — Licenses permitting dogs 
to run at large are issued by the 
captains of police precincts. The 
license fees are $1 a year for a 
male dog and $2 for a female. The 
dog pound where unlicenst dogs 
caught at large are kept, and des- 
troyd if not redeemd at once, is at 
the foot of Georgia st. 

Dom Polski (Polish home), is a 
substantial brick building at 1077- 
79 Broadway, It was built by the 
Polish societies of Buffalo to provide 
themselves with lodge rooms. There 
are two stores on the ground floor 
with a wide entrance to the cor- 
ridor and stairways between them. 
The rear of this floor is rented to 
the Buffalo Public Library for the 
William Ives branch. On the second 
floor the Charity Organization So- 
ciety has two rooms, and various 
lodges occupy the rest of the floor. 
The third floor is a large public hall. 

Driving Park. — On East Ferry st., 
between Jefferson st. and HumlDoldt 
pky., is the old Driving Park, for- 
merly used for horse racing. It is 
also calld the Fair Grounds, as fairs 
were formerly held here. At present 
it is used only for circuses, athletic 
contests and other exhibitions re- 
quiring a large space. 

Dunkirk. — One of the oldest cities 
in Western New York and a thriving 
energetic place of approximately 
15,000 inhabitants. It is situated 
on Lake Erie, 40 miles southwest of 
Buffalo, and has a harbor protected 
by Point Gratiot and a breakwater. 
It has five steam railroads, the Lake 
Shore, Pennsylvania. Erie, Nickel 
Plate and a line to Pittsburg. Fare 
from Buffalo, $1.06; round trip, 
$1.95. Eeached also by the Buffalo 
and L, Erie electric cars; fare, 85e.; 
•round trip, $1.55; running time 1 hr. 
50 min. It has a number of large 
manufacturing establishments, among 



56 



wliieli is one of- tlie principal plants 
of the American Locomotive Works. 
Its fishing interests are also im- 
portant. It contains the Brooks 
Memorial Library and Hospital, the 
St. Mary's Academic school and the 
East Springfield Acadeaay. It has 
fine paved streets and many hand- 
some residences, and is altogether a 
thoroly modern citj^ well worth 
knowing. It boasts a delightful 
summer resort, called Point Gratiot, 
which is reached by a local branch 
of the trolley line. 

D'Youville College and Academy 
of the Holy Angels was incorporated 
in, lOOS, lb" college being an 001- 
growth of the academy, which was 
founded in 1857. It is an institu- 
tion for the education of girls, con- 
ducted by the Grey Nuns of the 
Cross, with aditional professors and 
lecturers, and is emplowerd to confer 
degrees, by the University of the 
State of New York. The buildings 
occupy ample grounds at Porter and 
Prospect avs. Besides the ordinary 
class rooms and dormitory rooms, 
there are science laboratories, a lib- 
rary, reading room, auditorium, .15 
sound-proof music rooms and an art 
studio. Tuition in the college is $100 
a year, art and music extra; board 
$250 a year. 

The- Academy has both a grammar 
and a high school department, whose 
courses of study are up to the stand- 
ard .set by the regents of the State 
University. Tuition is from $30 to 
$60, according to grades. 



Eagle Park is a picnic ground on 
the west shore of Grand Island and 
is reached by excursion steamers. 

East Aurora is a village in the 
town of Aurora 17 miles southeast of 
Buffalo, on the Pennsylvania Rail- 
road. Fare, 43c. It has a popula- 
tion of about 2000, six churches, an 
excellent school, a bank, a news- 
paper, an agricultural implement 
works, planing mill, grist mill and 
electric light plant. There is a hotel 
in the village, the Roycrof t Inn, 
conducted by The Roycrofters. 
Rates, American plan, $2 a day; with 
private bath and out-of-door sleeping 
room or other special accommoda- 
tions, from $3 to $5. The Inn is 
supplied with vegetables from the 
Roycrof t Farm. It has horses and 
motor cars for hire and boats and 
canoes can be had on Cazenovia 
Creek, about half a mile away. (See 
Roycroft Shop). 

Ebenezer is a small village lying 
east of the extreme southern part of 
Buffalo. Reached by Pennsylvania 
railroad, distance 6 miles, or by street 
cars connecting with the Seneca st. 
line. 

Elections. — All general and pri- 
mary elections in Erie county are 
held under the charge of the Com- 
missioner of Elections, whose office 
is at 99 W. Genesee st. He has the 
custody of the election booths and 
voting machines and all other prop- 
erty used at elections, gives notice in 
the newspapers when elections are to 
be held, stating the boundaries of 
the election districts and the loca- 
tion of the polling places. He also 
has charge of the registration of 
voters. The present commissioner is 
George D. Emerson. 



Electric Beach is a picnic resort in 
an oak grove on the east shore of 
Grand Island. Eeached by excursion 
steamers. It has a dancing pavilion, 
base ball ground and the other usual 
picnic attractions. A ferry from 
Tonawanda lands about a mile below 
the grove. It was formerly called El- 
dorado. 

Electrical Development Company 
of Ontario. — The granit power house 
of this company, at Niagara Falls, 
Ont., stands at the edge of the rap- 
ids above the Horseshoe Fall. It 
was erected in 1906 and is notable for 
its massive beauty. Visitors are ad- 
mitted and shown thru the plant by 
guides, a charge of 25c being made 
for this service. The superinten- 
dent's office is on the second floor, 
at the south end of the building. 
This is the newest of the great 
power plants at the Falls, and like 
its two near neighbors, it has foun- 
dations laid for nearly doubling its 
size. 

Elevators. — The great number of 
these mammoth barn-like structures 
that tower above the other buildings 
along the water front testifies to the 
immense volume of grain and flax- 
seed that passes thru Buffalo. There 
are 28 elevators in the city, having a 
total storage capacity of 24,600,000 
bushels, and the buildings with their 
machinery cost about . $13,000,000. 
They handle from 100 to 120 million 
bushels a year. 

Elmlawn is a cemetery establisht 
by the Buffalo Burial Park Assoc, in 
1901. It is located on Delaware av. 
in the town of Tonawanda, about 7 
miles from the Buffalo city hall. 
Eeached by Kenmore-Tonawanda 
street cars^ Some 40 acres of the 
grounds have been improved and the 
Association has erected a mortuary 
chapel and receiving tomb in the 
Gothic style. There were about 2,- 



500 interments up to Jan. 1, 1910. 
The fnneral car Elmlawn may be 
charterd for funerals from any point 
reached by the tracks of the Inter- 
national Eailway. It carries 34 per- 
sons together with the remains. The 
superintendent's office is at the main 
entrance and the city office at 44 W. 
Eagle St. The president of the 
Assoc, is ueorge N. Eeynolds and 
the secretary is J. G. Wallenmeier. 

Engineering, Bureau of. — This is a 
division of the Department of Pub- 
lic Works under a deputy commis- 
sioner. The buream has charge of 
the construction and repair of the 
public streets, pavements, sewers, 
bridges and wharves, makes all sur- 
veys needed for this work, and 
makes and has the custody of all 
maps and plans of the department 
relating to the same. It issues per- 
mits for sewer, water and gas con- 
nections and for the construction of 
pole lines and conduits in the pub- 
lic streets and inspects the work 
done under such permits. Present 
Deputy Engineer Cofnmissioner, 
Charles M. Morse. 

Episcopal Churches. — The Protest- 
ant Episcopal church is well repre- 
sented in Buffalo^ This city is in the 
diocese of Western New York, and 
is the residence of the bishop, the 
Eight Eev. William D. Walker, D. D. 
St. Paul's is the cathedral church. 
Business matters concerning the 
diocese are attended to at 367 
Elmwood av. — the Episcopal ' resi- 
aence. 

The following is a list of the Epis- 
copal churches in Buffalo with their 
locations: 

ALL SAINTS, Main and Utica sts. 
ASCENSION, 43 North st. 
CHEIST. Glenwood and Storz avs. 
EPIPHANY, Willet st. n. Clinton. 
GOOD SHEPAED, Jewett and 
Summit avs. 



58 



GEACE, Niagara and Penfield sts. 

HOLY INNOCENTS CHAPEL, 
804 Seventh st. 

ST. ANDEEWS, Goodell st. near 
Elm. 

ST. BAETHOLOMEW^S, 567 How- 
ard st. 

ST. CLEMENT'S, Grider and 
bussex sts. 

ST. JAMES', Spring and E. 
Swan sts. 

ST. JOHN'S, 428 Lafayette av 

ST. JUDE 'S, 30 Macamley st. * 

ST_ LUKE'S, Eichmond and Sum- 
mer sts. 

ST. MAEK'S, Dearborn st. near 

ST. MAEK'S CHAPEL, Saratoga 

St. 

ST. MAEY'S-ON-THE-HILL,Niag- 
ara and Vermont sts. 

ST. MATTHEW'S, Babcock near 
Seneca st. 

ST. PAUL 'S, Erie and Pearl sts. 

ST. PETEE'S, 1074 Lovejoy st. 

ST PHILIP'S, Elm st. near N, 
Division. 

ST. SIMON'S, Glendhu and Caze- 
navia sts. 

ST. STEPHEN'S, Bailey av. and 
Eoy st. 

ST. THOMAS', 401 Elk st. 

TEINITY, Delaware av, near 
T upper st. 

Erie iSasin is a part of the harbor 
shelterd by a short section of break- 
water and used chiefly by vessels 
when in need of repairs. It extends 
from the foot of Erie St, to Georgia 
St. 

Erie County was set off from Niag- 
ra county in 1821, and Buffalo, which 
had been the county seat of Niagara 
county before the division, was made 
the seat of the new county. It ex- 
tends from Tonawanda creek on the 
north to Cattaraugus creek on ..the 
south, and is bounded on the west 
by the Niagara river and Lake Erie 



and on the east by Genesee and 
Wyoming counties. It comprises the 
cities of Buffalo, Tonawanda and 
Lackawanna and 25 towns. 

Evangelical Churches. — The fol- 
lowing are the several groups of 
churches in Buffalo bearing the iic! lue 
of Evangelical: 

EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION. 
FIEST, Spruce and Sycamore sts. 
MEMOEIAL, Utica and Wohlers 
sts. 

ST. JAMES ', 461 Ehode Island st. 
ST. PAUL'S, 57 Grape st. 
SECOND, 86 Krettner st. 

EVANGELICAL (GEEMAN). 

BETHLEHEM, Genesee st. and E. 
Parade av, 

CALVAEY, 2105 Fillmore av. 

CHEISTUS, Clinton st. and Bailey 
av. 

EMMANUEL, Military rd, and 
Glor st, 

FEIEDENS, 614 Eagle st, 

PILGEIM, (English), Spring st, 
near Sycamore. 

ST, ANDEEW'S, Genesee and 
Domedion sts, 

ST. JACOB'S, Jefferson st. near 
High. 

ST. LUKE'S, Eichmond av. and 
W. Utica St. 

ST. MATTHEW 'S, Swan and Hag- 
erman sts. 

ST. PETEE'S, Genesee and Hick- 
ory sts. 

ST, STEPHEN'S, Peckham and 
Adams sts, 

SALEM, Calumet st. 

TEINITY, Gold st. near Lovejoy. 

UNITED BETHANIA, Eaton near 
Masten st. 

UNITED ST. .lOHN, Amherst st. 
near East. 

UNITED ST, MAEK'S, 395 Oak 

St. 

UNITED ST. PAUL'S, 496 Elli- 
cott st. 



59 



EVANGELICAL (LUTHEKAN). 

ATONEMENT, 560 Eagle st. 

CALVAEY, Dodge and Ellicott sts. 

CHEIST, Broadway, near Fox st. 

CONCORDIA, Northampton st. 
near Jefferson. 

EMMANUEL, Laux st. near Clint- 
on st. 

EMMAUS, Southampton st. near 
Jefferson, 

GERMAN LUTHERAN TRIN- 
ITY, 197 Goodell st. 

GETHSEMA, Goodyear st. near 
Genesee. 

GRACE, Carlton and Rose sts. 

HOLY TRINITY, Michigan st. 
near Genesee. 

HOLY TRINITY, Main st. near 
North. 

IMMANUEL, 270 Longnecker st. 

REDEEMER, .Elmwood and High- 
land avs. 

REDEEMER, Doat st. near Bailey 
av. 

ST. ANDREW. Sherman and Peck- 
ham sts. 

ST. JOHN, Hickory st. near 
Broadwav. 

ST. PAUL'S, 84 Scoville st. 

SWEDISH, Spring st. near Broad- 
way. 

TABOR, Leroy pi. near Fillmore 

ZION, 20 Alexander pi. 

ZION, Ferry and Nineteenth sts. 

EVANGELICAL REFORMD. 

EMMANUEL, E. Utica st. and 
Humboldt pky. 

JERUSALEM SOCIETY, 43 Mil- 
ler av. 

ST. JOHN'S, Good av. and Lilac 

St. 

ST. PAUL'S, Durstein st. and 
Park View av. 

SALEMS, 413-15 Sherman st. 
ZION, Lemon st. near Cherry, 
ZOAR, Genesee and Rohr sts. 

Evans is a town on the shore of 
Lake Erie, about 20 miles southwest 



of Buffalo. It has stations on the 
Lake Shore and Pennsylvania Rail- 
roads at North Evans, Derby and 
Angola and the Buffalo & Lake Erie 
electric cars run thru the town. 
Population in 1900, 2795. 

Exchanges, — The following are the 
trade organizations that provide a 
common meeting place for buyers 
and sellers in Buffalo: 

BUILDERS', Builders' Exchange 
bldg.. Pearl and Court sts, 

CORN, Chamber of Commerce 
bldg., Main and Seneca sts. 

HARDWOOD LUMBER, 50 Ar- 
thur st. 

LIVE STOCK, Live Stock Ex- 
change bldg., William and Depot sts. 

Express Companies. — The follow- 
ing companies, which do business 
over the railroads and steamer lines 
running to various parts of the 
United States and to foreign coun- 
tries, have ofl&ces in Buffalo. Any 
of them will call for packages in 
any part of the city to be shipt to 
outside places. 

ADAMS, Main and W. Swan sts. 

AMERICAN, Main and Erie sts. 

CANADIAN, 3 S. Division st. 

PACIFIC, 22 E. Swan st. 

SOUTHERN, in office of Adanis 
Co. 

UNITED STATES, 22 E. Swan 
st. 

WELLS-FARGO, 174-6 Pearl st, 

MEXICAN, in~ office of Wells- 
Fargo Co. 

There are also several local ex- 
presses operating within the city, 
among which are the Delivery Co., 
563 Niagara st., and the C. W. Miller 
Transfer Co., 8 E. Eagle st., and 
others running to nearby towns. The 
Miller Co. also operates cabs. It 
has offices in all railroad depots and 
makes a specialty of taking pas- 
se<igers and their baggage to and 
from trains and steamers. 



00 



F occupied by the Collector of the Port 

and his assistants. On the same floor 

are the Internal Eevenue office, the 
Farnham is a village on the shore o^ce of the Lighthouse Inspector 
of L. Erie, 26 miles southwest of and a Naval Eecruiting office. 
Buffalo. Beached by Lake Shore or The fourth floor is mainly given 
Pennsylvania railroad; fare 68c., over to the U. S. Circuit and District 
^'ound trip $1.30; also by Buffalo & Courts and their officers, but the of- 
L. Brie electric cars; fare 55c., round See of the Buffalo Pension Agent is 
trip 90c.; running time, 1 hr. 13 m. also on this floor. 
Grounds here are leased for tours of The west side of the fifth floor is 
camp duty by the regiments of the devoted to the Lighthouse and Har- 
National Guard in Western New bor service of this district. On the 
York. opposit side is a dormitory and other 

rooms for the accomodation of rail- 
Federal Building. — The United way mail clerks. Eooms'on various 
States government owns a notably floors are occupied by other local 
handsome office building in Buffalo officials of the government depart- 
which covers the block bounded by ments. 

S. Division, Oak, E. Swan and Elli- _. ^ ^ ^ ^ .„, . , 

cott sts., fronting west on Ellicott. Finance, Department of.-This de- 
The flag of the revenue service flies Pf^*^^^^* consists of two divisions— 
with the national ensign over the E?^ ^^^^^ o{. ^^^ Comptroller and 
building, for part of it is occupied by Treasurer, which see. 
the Buffalo custom house. It is of Fire Department. — This depart- 
Jonesboro red granit, in the Eoman- ment is in charge of three commis- 
esque style, and measures 220 by 260 sioners appointed by the mayor for 
feet. It has a handsome square terms of six years. Not more than 
Florentine tower, rising to the hight two commissioners may belong to 
of ^ 244 feet, which may be distin- the same political party. Its head- 
guisht at a distance from other quarters are at Court and Staat sts., 
towers by the gargoyles projecting west of Niagara sq. The fire brigade 
from the corners, below the highest consists of a chief, assistant chief, 7 
tier of windows. A room near the battalion chiefs, the assistant chief 
top of the tower from which a wide also commanding a battalion^ 49 cap- 
view can be had, is reached by a tains, 49 lieutenants, 37 engineers, 
flight of 119 steps. 421 firemen, 6 pilots and 7 stokers, 

The entire first floor is occupied by There are also telegraf operators, 
the Post Office and is finisht in mechanics, et al., making the total 
marble and mahogany. The upper number of officers and men 601. The 
fioors are finisht in glazed tile and present chief is Bernard J. McCon- 
quarterd oak and surround a large nell. The apparatus in service com- 
light-court. The second floor is oc- prises 30 steam fire engines, 30 hose 
eupied by the Post Office Inspector tenders, 3 fire boats, 11 ladder 
the Inspector of railway mail ser- trucks, 6 two-tank chemical, en- 
vice and Inspectors of vessels and gines, 2 water towers, 4 com- 
boilers and there is a large exam- bination hose and chemical 
ination room for the U. S. Civil wagons and 1 hose tender for fire 
Service examiners on this floor. boats. There are 673 signal boxes 

A large part of the third floor is for sending alarms. The number of 

m 




^ 




tf#f I: 




FEDERAL BUILDING 

62 



alarms in recent years lias been from 
1300 to 1600 a year. The expenses 
of the department are about $800,000 
a year. In addition to the fire hy- 
drants connected with the street 
water mains, there are special hy- 
drants connected with 12 inch pipe 
lines in certain streets. One pipe 
line runs from the Buffalo river up 
Washington st. to Huron to Main. 
Another branches from this and runs 
thru Exchange st. to the Terrace, to 
Pearl st. and up Pearl to Genesee. 
A short branch runs from Washing- 
ton st, thru Carroll to Michigan. A 
connecting line starts from the river 
at the Clark and Skinner canal, runs 
thru Liberty and Ohio sts. to Wash- 
ington. The fire boats force water 
thru these pipe lines whenever need- 
ed. There is a relief and pension 
fund for firemen now amounting to 
about $140,000. 

The following is a list of the fire 
companies with the location of their 
stations: 



No. 
1- 

2- 



WATEKTOWERS. 
-7th St., near Court. 



ENGINE COMPANIES. 

1 — 41 South Division st. 

2 — 306 Jersey st. 

3—312 Spring st. 

4—138 Spruce st. 

5—197 Emslie st. 

6—298 Smith st. 

7 — 11 Franklin st. 

8—133 Chicago st. 

9 — 719 Washington st. 
10—38 Perry st. 
11 — 1197 Niagara st. 
12—418 Chicago st. 
13—8 Staats st. 
14—1030 William st. 
15 — 104 Amherst st. 
16—1418 Main st. 
17—512 Rhode Island st. 
18—1030 Fillmore av. 



No. 

19—209 Forest av. 

20— Fire boat W. S. Grattan, Clark 

and Skinner canal and Ohio st. 
21—421 Best st. 
22—1528 Broadway. 
23 — Fire boat J. M. Hutchinson, foot 

of Genesee st. 
24—108 Leroy av. 
25—1719 Seneca st. 
26 — Tonawanda and Martin sts. 
27—33 Johnson st. 
28 — Gold and Lovejoy sts. 
29— Fire boat G. R. Potter, ft. of 

Louisiana st. 
30— South Park av. and Wheatfield 

St. 

31 — Bailey av. and Doat st. 
32—700 Seneca st. 
33—280 Kehr st. 

CHEMICAL ENGINES. 

1 — 9 Franklin st. 
2 — 416 Chicago st. 
3 — 498 Pearl st. 
4—146 High St. 
5 — Cleveland av. 
6 — 528 Broadway. 

HOOK AND LADDER COMPANIES. 

1 — 721 Washington st. 

2 — 43 South Division st. 

3—308 Spring st. 

4 — 1195 Niagara st. 

5 — 700 Seneca st. 

6 — 423 Best st. 

7 — 112 Leroy av. 

8 — Chicago st. near Elk. 

9—306 Jersey st. 
10 — South Park av nr. Mesmer st. 
11—636 Fillmore av. 

Fitch Creche, 159 E. Swan st., is a 
day home and kindergarten for small 
children whose mothers have to go 
out to work. A fee of 5c. a day is 
charged for one child, or 10c. for a 
family of children. In connection 
with the Creche there is carrid on a ' 
training school for nursery maids, 
which not only prepares young girls 



63 



to he competent wage earners, but 
also secures traind care for the 
children in the Creche. A course of 
sewing lessons is given to the maids, 
and courses of lectures on the care 
and feeding of chidren, on the-var- 
ious branches of housework and on 
kindergarten methods. Visitors are 
welcomed at the Creche between 10 
a. m. and 4 p. m.^ any day but Satur- 
day. It is under the management of 
the Charity Organization Society. 

Fitch Institute is a building at 165 
E. Swan st. erected in 1893 for the 
work of the Charity Organization So- 
ciety, with funds donated by Ben- 
jamin Fitch. A tuberculosis dispen- 
sary is carrid on here, open daily 
from 10 a. m. to 12 m. The District 
Nurses Association details a nurse 
to attend it and to visit patients in 
their homes. 

Flint and Kent's. — This dry goods 
establishment, shown in the accom- 
panying illustration, is unique in the 
character of its business and the 
peculiar attachment felt for it by 
its large and well-to-do clientage. It 
stands for the best in merchandise 
and methods, and its statements are 
never questiond. It has always 
strictly adhered to its purpose of 
selling only merchandise of genuine 
worth. Articles purchased of Flint 
& Kent for wear or use may there- 
fore be considerd investments and 
may be depended on to give the best 
possible return in service and satis- 
« faction. 

In their ample stocks are to be 
seen the best representations of Euro- 
pean and American manufacturers, 
and many fabrics and designs not to 
be obtained elsewhere in Western 
New York. With these advantages 
% are coupled fair prices, capable of in- 
telligent comparisons to their advan- 
tage. 

Silks, woolen dress stuffs, trim- 



mings in the leading fashions reflect- 
ing the best Parisian ideas, all dress 
accessories, as laces, neckwear, gloves 
hosiery and footwear consistently 
supplement each other in completing 
the fashionable outfit. 

Women's suits, coats, gowns, cos- 
tumes and waists are the products of 
the best designers and are unsur- 
past in beauty of modeling and finish. 

Misses' and children's wear receive 
equally critical attention; the Boys' 
section showing garments of superior 
excellence in materials and fashion- 
ing, and chiefly made up expressly 
for their critical trade. 

Their upholstery, drapery and rug 
sections afford a wealth of sugges- 
tions for beautifying the home, in the 
rare stuffs for coverings, drapery, 
curtains, etc., the problem of tasteful 
but simple furnishings being easily 
and pleasantly solved, by consulta- 
tion with their traind decorators, 
while the opportunity for luxurious 
embellishment of houses is adequate- 
ly met. 

Enough has been mentiond to jus- 
tify a visit to this interesting store, 
where almost all personal require- 
ments may be advantageously sup- 
plied. 

Flouring Mills. — More than a dozen 
companies are operating flouring / 
mills in Buffalo, the names and lo- 
cations of which may be obtaind 
from the city directory. The total 
quantity of flour made in the city 
mills in 1908 was 2,567,232 barrels, 
and 436,078 barrels more was made 
in the near vicinity. 

Forest Lawn. — The largest and 
most beautiful of Buffalo's cemeter- 
ies is Forest Lawn, with an area of 
about 273 acres, which adjoins Dela- 
ware Park and extends from Main 
st. westward to Delaware av. The 
gateway is at Main st. and Delavan 
av. and there is another entrance at 



64 




THE DEPARTMENT STORE [OF FLINT & KENT 
65 



Delaware and Delavan avs. Eeaclied 
by Main st., Kenmore or Forest avr 
street cars. The same creek that 
forms the water prospect in the park 
winds thru the grounds of Forest 
Lawn, which are undulating and have 
been so treated that they have be- 
come a splendid example of landscape 
architecture. Near the Main st. gate 
is a large section for soldiers and 
sailors of the Civil War, with an ap- 
propriate monument. A short dis- 
tance within the grounds is a chapel, 
with which are connected a receiving 
vault and a conservatory. 

Near the Delaware av. entrance is 
a handsome monument to Eed Jacket, 
the famous Seneca Indian chief, con- 
sisting of a bronze statue on a high 
granit pedestal, and stones in honor 
of several of his associates stand near 
its foot. The whole memorial was 
erected by the Buffalo Historical So- 
ciety. Not far away is the Blocher 
monument, consisting of a chamber 
of Quincy granit with plate glass 
windows, within which a family scene 
is depicted in white marble. The 
figures and accessories were sculp- 
~ tured in Italy. Other notable me- 
morials are the Bliss obelisk, 1.51 feet 
high, the Dimick monument, the 
Farmer's Brother monument and the 
monument to the Volunteer Firemen. 

When the old cemetery where the 
city hall now stands was abandond 
in 1852, there were 1,158 bodies re- 
moved from its enclosure to Forest 
Lawn. A monument in the latter 
commemorates this removal and on 
one face is carved the name of Far- 
mer's Brother in honor of the chief 
who led the Indian allies of the 
Americans in the War of 1812. 

The superintendent 's office is in the 
western part of the grounds, north of 
the creek. Omnibuses, dogs, children 
without their guardians and persons 
with refreshments or firearms are not 
admitted to the cemetery. The name 



of the association that manages 
Forest Lawn is The Buffalo City 
Cemetery; the president of its trus- 
tees is E. H. Hutchinson and the 
secretary is E. P. Fish. 

Fort Erie. — This village is on the 
Canadian shore, just at the head of 
the Niagara river. It is reached by 
ferry from W. Ferry st., half -hourly, 
fare 5 cents; also by Grand Trunk 
railroad from the Central depot, to 
Amagari station. It is the home of 
many persons having business or em- 
ployment in Buffalo. 

Fort Erie Beach is a summer re- 
sort and picnic ground, 3 miles from 
the ferry and reached by train. 
Fare, 10 cents; round trip from Buf- 
falo, 20 cents. It is situated in a 
grove of oaks and poplars, and has 
the usual attractions for excursion- 
ists, including a bathing beach. A 
special feature is the rustic theater, 
open free to all visitors, at which 
entertainments are given every af- 
ternoon and evening, during the sea- 
son. There is also an athletic field, 
for base ball and other games. The 
Erie Beach Hotel is pleasantly sit- 
uated at the extreme western end of 
the grove. Beyond this is a row of 
tasteful cottages ownd by members 
of the Erie Beach Association. 
Smaller cottages and tents occupy 
lots east of the grove. 

Between the beach and the ferry 
landing are the ruins of the fort 
that gave its name to the village. 
Passengers wishing to stop at Old 
Fort, or any other way station must 
notify the conductor. The fort is 
included in the park system main- 
taind by the Canadian government, 
and a guide is on duty to show visi- 
tors about. Fort Erie was a British 
frontier post in the War of 1812. 
It was captured by an American 
force under Gen. Winfield Scott, July 
3, 1814, and held for the remaining 
six months of the war, in spite of 



66 




RED JACKET MONUMENT 

67 



attempts to retake it. The ramparts 
are well preservd. On one of them 
stands a monument about 30 feet 
high, erected in memory of the Brit- 
ish soldiers and sailors who fell dur- 
ing the siege of the fort^ in August 
and September, 1814. Part of the 
walls of the barracks and the maga- 
zine are also standing. 

Fort Erie race tracK is just west 
of the northern part of the village. 
Here the Highland Park Eacing As- 
sociation holds summer and fall 
meetings, each lasting about three 
weeks. Automobile races are also 
held here. Eeached by Grand Trunk 
railroad or by omnibus from the 
ferry. 

Fort George. — The site of this fort 
is near the mouth of the Niagara 
river, on the Canadian side, at Nia- 
gara-on-the-Lake. It was an im- 
portant British outpost from soon 
after the Revolution to the end of 
the "War of 1812. Gen. Brock, the 
British commander kild at Queens- 
ton Hights, was buried in one of the 
bastions and the spot is markt by a 
stone. The fort was captured by 
the Americans May 27, 1813, but 
was abandond in the following De- 
cember. 

Fort G-rey was a small earthwork 
thrown up on the top of Lewiston 
Mountain in 1812, to protect an 
American battery. 

Fort Niagara. — A frontier army 
post maintaind by the U. S. War 
Department at the mouth of the Nia- 
gara river at Youngstown. Reached 
by street cars from Lewiston; fare 
20 cents, round trip 25 cents. An 
oak grove covers the reservation and 
the houses of the commandant and 
other officers, and the barracks of 
the men are pleasantly groupt among 
the trees. The usual garrison is four 
companies. It has a rifle range and 
a post cemetery. 



On the point where the river meets 
the lake, is the ''old French fort," 
built in colonial times. It is an ex- 
tensive earthwork, which has been 
protected by brick and stone masonry 
since it came into possession of the 
United States. An expedition under 
La Salle built a block house of logs 
on this site in 1679. Within the 
enclosure is the Castle, a large stone 
building, the first story of which was 
built by the French in 1725. There 
is also a magazine and a barracks, 
erected before the French and In- 
dian War. The fort was captured 
by the British and colonials July 24, 
1759, and two block houses and a 
smaller building were added in the 
next 15 years. All these structures 
are of stone. During the Revolution 
all the marauding expeditions that 
carrid death and destruction to many 
colonial settlements in western New 
York and Pennsylvania started from 
Fort Niagara. In December, 1813, 
it was captured by a British expedi- 
tion that crost the river from Can- 
ada by night. In 1826, William 
Morgan, of Batavia, was brought 
here and kept for a few days in the 
French magazine before his final dis- 
appearance, which led to the famous 
anti-Masonic agitation. 

At the water's edge, near the' old 
fort is a U. S. Life Saving station. 

Fort Porter is a U. S. army post 
occupying a reservation of 28i/o acres 
on Porter, Front and Massachusetts 
avs., overlooking the foot of the 
Lake. The location is on a bluff, 60 
feet above the water. The land in 
the reservation was acquired from 
the State of New York and private 
parties in the years 1840 to 1844. 
Old Fort Porter was an earthwork 
within which was a stone block house, 
and its construction extended thru 
the years 1843 to 1850. The block- 
house was destroyd by fire, Nov. 25, 
1863, and the earthwork has since 



68 




SCENES AT FORT PORTER 
69 



been razed. A. depression in the 
parade ground on the line of Eliode 
Island St., indicates the site of the 
block house. The fort was named 
in honor of Gen. Peter B. Porter, 
who served in the War of 1812, and 
was Secretary of War in 1828. 

During the Civil War this post was 
used as a camp for collecting and 
instructing volunteers. In 1870 and 
later §^ears the Park Board of Buffalo 
has made improvements about the 
reservation according to plans ap- 
proved by the Secretary of War. 
These plans made necessary the re- 
moval of the post cemetery, which 
was transferd to Forest Lawn in 
]882. 

The commandant occupies a stone 
dwelling called The Castle, built in 
1837 by Col. James McKay, and 
here his son, Steele Mackaye the 
actor, was born. The quarters of 
the other officers are of brick and 
frame, and there are brick buildings 
for the barracks and the hospital. 

The usual garrison is 4 compan- 
ies of infantry. On the large para.le 
ground is a boulder bearing a tablet 
with this inscription: 

' ' To commemorate the gallantry 
of the officers and enlisted men of 
the Thirteenth Kegiment, U. S. In- 
fantry, in the campaign against San- 
tiago de Cuba. First at San Juan 
Hill, July 1st, 1898, as they were 
first at Vicksburg in 1863. Erected 
by the citizens of Buffalo, .1899." 

Fort Tompkins. — The largest of 7 
batteries erected along the Niagara 
river between Buffalo and Black 
Kock in the War of 1812. It stood 
on the edge of the bluff, near Nia- 
gara and School sts., and is commem- 
orated by a tablet on the front of a 
power station of the International 
Eailway, bearing this inscription: 

''The site of Fort Tompkins, also 
known as Fort Adams, the largest 
and most important fortification on 



the American shore in or near Buf- 
falo, during the War of 1812. 

Erected by the International Bail- 
way (Jompany and presented to the 
Niagara Frontier Landmarks As- 
sociation, 1903." 

Fredonia is an important village 
adjoining Dunkirk on the south and 
about 44 miles southwest from Buf- 
falo. Reached by railroad connect- 
ing with the Lake Shore at Dunkirk, 
also by Buffalo & Lake Erie electric 
cars; fare 90c., round trip $1.65. 
Population in 1900, 4,127. One of 
the finest normal schools in the State 
is located there, and the place has 
long been famous as the home of 
many men who have made their mark 
in the history of Western New York. 
It has an opera house, flouring mills, 
canning factories, and manufactories 
of carriages, patent medicines, felt 
goods, wines, grape juice, etc. 

Fresh Air Missioai. — This beautiful 
charity takes poor children from the 
city for a two weeks' stay at Cradle 
Beach, the summer camp of the Mis- 
sion. The beach is at Angola on 
the lake shore, where the Mission 
has facilities to care for 250 children 
at a time. Besides the quarters for 
well children, St. Margaret's Cot- 
tage provides for a limited number 
of convalescent or crippled children. 
About 900 in all are given a fort- 
night at the Beach each summer. 

The Front. — This simple old name, 
handed down from village days, des- 
ignates the most picturesquely lo- 
cated of all Buffalo's parks. Situat- 
ed where lake and river meet, it 
affords a most delightful water view 
and is swept by the cooling breezes 
from the inland sea that stretches 
far to the westward. It lies between 
Front av. and the water front, on 
both sides of Porter av., and the 
Erie canal passes thru it. Reached 
by Niagara or Connecticut st. cars 



70 



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z 
< 

rn 
F 
z 
o 

o 

H 

X 

m 

H 

> 

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o 

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H 
O 

z 




or by the Belt Line to Porter av. 
station. There is a band-stand in 
this park, also a convenient shelter 
house and lavatory. Altho the Front 
contains only 48 acres, its extent is 
practically increast by the 28 acres 
of the adjoining Fort Porter reserva- 
tion. 

Frontier Telephone System. — One 
of the most interesting sights in the 
city of Buffalo is. the immense switch- 
board of the Federal Telephone & 
Telegraph Company located at the 
office of their Frontier System, 332 
Ellicott st. Equipt with an ultimate 
capacity sufficient to give telephone 
service to over 30,000 subscribers, it 
is now supplying over 17,000 sub- 
scribers in the city of Buffalo. In the 
operation of this switchboard about 
115 girls are employd as operators 
and from 165,000 to 185,000 tele- 
phone connections are made each 
day, which means over 50,000,000 
telephone calls in each twelve 
months. The operators on a board 
of this size become experts in the 
matter of handling these calls, and 
it is wonderful to see the rapidity, 
with which they work. 

The switchboard is, in itself, a 
wonderful piece of mechanical dev- 
elopment. There are 54,000,000 feet 
or 10,227 miles of wire in this board. 
This is over three times the distance 
from New York to San Francisco. 
There are also 1,260,000 solderd con- 
nections, 192,790 jacks, 10,584 elec- 
tric lamps and 1,394,000 separate in- 
terchangeable parts to the board. 
In order to give the prefect service 
which is given by the Frontier Sys- 
tem, it is important that these parts 
be inspected with great care each 
twenty-four hours. This work is 
done at night after 12 o'clock, and 
each morning at 7 o'clock, this 
mammoth switchboard is in as good 
physical condition as it was the day 
before. 



In serving the subscribers about 
the city of Buffalo, 269,925,712 feet 
or 51,122 miles of wire is used, which 
is more than enough to twice en- 
circle the earth. 

This company in about seven years 
of operation has accomplisht a most 
wonderful growth, entirely fulfilling 
its mission of furnishing a successful 
telephone competition without which 
Buffalo could not boast of so efficient 
a telephone service at moderate 
rates,, to over 37,000 people. 

Wherever you see the Telephone 
Shield, remember it is the emblem 
of good service and competition. 

Fur Stores, see More's Hatterie 
and Furrierie. 



J^ 



72 




BUILDING OF THE FRONTIER TELEPHONE SYSTEM 

73 



G 



Garages. — Owing to the large num- 
ber of motor cars ownd in Buffalo, 
and to the fact that many tourists 
make this city a stopping place, ex- 
tensive garage accomodations are de- 
manded and supplied. A complete 
list of the garages in the city would 
require more space than can be 
spared in this book, but at one of 
the following the visitor or new 
resident can be sure of room and 
good care for his car, also competent 
repairing, if required. 

ACME, 324 Elmwood av. 

AUBURN AVENUE, 419 Auburn av. 

BUFFALO GARAGE CO., 414 W. 
Ferry st. 

BUFFALO MOTOR CAR CO., 437- 
441 Pearl st. 

BUFFALO TAXICAB CO., 32 Ed- 
ward st. 

CENTRAL, 22 W. Utica st. 

DELAWARE, 257 Delaware av. 

FRANKLIN, 347 Franklin st. 

MAIN, 891 Main st. 

MAXWELL, 24 Goodrich st. 

NORWOOD, 121 Norwood av. 

PARK, 947 Elmwood av. 

UNITED STATES, 1114 Main st. 

Gardenville is a small village ly- 
ing east of the southern part of Buf- 
falo. Reached by Pennsylvania rail- 
road to Ebenezer, distance 6 miles, 
or by street cars connecting with the 
Seneca st. line. 

Gas Supply. — Residents of Buffalo 
can be supplied with both artificial 
and natural gas. The Buffalo Gas 
Co., 186-8 Main st., supplies artificial 
gas at the rate of $1 net per 1000 
feet. The Buffalo Natural Gas Ftiel 
Co., 257 Washington st., supplies nat- 
ural gas from wells in western New 
York and Pennsylvania at 30c. net 
per 1000 feet. 



German Martin Luther Theological 
Seminary, 154 Maple st. Tliis is a 
seminary for the trainiug of minis- 
ters earrid on under the directioTi 
of the Lutheran Synod of Buffalo. 

Grand Army of the Republic. — 

There are 5 G. A. R. posts in Buffalo 
and several women's auxiliary soc- 
ieties, all using meeting rooms sup- 
plied by the city in the Convention 
Hall building, except one post which 
meets at 246 Sycamore st. The 
Grand Army Bureau of Relief, which 
disburses funds supplied by the city 
under a State law, has its office at 
15 1-2 W. Seneca st. 

Grand Island is a farming town 
comprising the iland of the same 
name, which divides the Niagara 
river into two channels a short dis- 
tance north of Buffalo, with a few 
adjacent ilets. The iland is about 
8 miles long and its greatest width 
is about 6 miles, from which it nar- 
rows to a point at each end. It is 
reached by three ferries from the 
Tonawandas. One runs from a point 
about three-quarters of a mile north 
of the Buffalo city line to the Bedell 
House; a street car connecting with 
the Niagara-O'Neill st. line runs to 
the landing. The Whitehaven ferry 
runs from a landing in the city of 
Tonawanda, and the Edgewater ferry 
from Edgewater Landing in North 
Tonawanda, below the lumber dis- 
trict. The Edgewater ferry carries 
passengers only; the other two take 
vehicles as well. Fare by White- 
haven or Edgewater boat, lOc, round 
trip 15c. In summer a steamer runs 
from W. Ferry st., Buffalo, to the 
Bedell House near the southern end 
of the iland, on the east shore. On 
the west shore and also near the 
southern end are the houses of the 
Inland Club and Oakwpod Club, 
which are private family hotels. 
About half way down the east shore 



74 



is Electric Beacli and three iiiiies l)e- 
you<l is Edgewatev. 

Ill 1825, Mordecai M. Noali, a New 
York editor, fornid the plan of found- 
ing on Grand Island a city of refuge 
for the Jews of the world, to be 
calld Ararat. He secured the in- 
terest of a man of means, who pur- 
chased 2555 acres of land for the 
purpose, and he laid a corner stone 



Grosvenor Library. — Setli Gros- 
venor, the founder of this library 
was a merchant here in the early 
days of Buffalo, who later moved 
to New York City. On his death in 
1857, he left $40,000 to the city of 
Buffalo for a library. This sum was 
divided, $10,000 being set apart as 
the nucleus of a building fund and 
$30,000 was held as a permanent 




GROSVENOR LIBRARY 



for the city, but the idea went no 
further. The stone has found a 
place in the collection of the Buffalo 
Historical Society, and an account of 
the undertaking was publisht in the 
first volume of the Society's Pub- 
lications. 

Gratwick is a station on the N. 
Y. Central railroad in North Tona- 
wanda, near some of the large lumber 
yards. Eeached also by Tonawanda 
electric cars. 



book fund, the income only being 
used for the purchase of books. The 
library was opend in 1870, in rented 
rjuavters at (Washington !st. and 
Broadway. The city later added 
$10,000 to the building fund; a lot 
was purchased at the corner of 
Franklin and Edward sts and in 1895 
the present building was erected at 
a total cost of $100,000. The struc- 
ture is of brick and its design in- 
cludes a large round tower rising 



from tlie ground. The fittings of the 
main reading room are handsome 
and most of the books in this room 
are arranged in wall cases with glass 
doors. The library contains a very 
complete and useful collection of 
books on local and family history, 
an excellent assortment on architec- 
ture, decoration and the fine arts, a 
very full representation on general 
history, biography, medicine and 
American poetry, a complete set of 
the American and Canadian patent 
records and all the more important 
general refernce books and sets of 
periodicals. The total number is 
now about 85,000 volumes and 10,000 
pamflets. There are special reading 
rooms on the balcony floor for theo- 
logical and filosofical books, for 
sociology and education and for gen- 
ealogy and local history, where the 
books are on open shelves. Similar 
rooms have been provided in the 
basement for the medical books and 
the patent oifice reports. The library 
is open week days from 9 a. m. to 
10 p. m., Sunday from 2 to 6 p. m. 
and holidays from 2 to 10 p. m. 
During July and August it is not 
open Sundays and closes other days 
at 6 p. m. The Grosvenor library is 
entirely free to the public and no 
registration or other formality is 
required of those who wish to use 
the books. It is a reference library 
only, no books being circulated, and 
is in charge of three trustees, Ed- 
ward H. Butler, Dr. William Gaert- 
ner and John H. Lascelles. The 
librarian is Edward P. Van Duzee. 



H 




Hamburg is a town on the shore 
of L. Erie south of Buffalo. Popu- 
lation in 1900, 4,673. It is reached 
by the Erie railroad, distance 14 
miles, or the Buffalo & Susquehanna 
railroad, distance 19 miles; fare, 30c., 
round trip, 55c. Also by Buffalo & 
L. Erie electric cars, fare 20c., round 
trip 35c., and by Hamburg and 
Orchard Park line. It contains the 
villages of Hamburg and Blasdell, 
in the former of which the agri- 
cultural fair of Erie county is held 
in September of each year. 

Hamburg Turnpike is a road along 
the lake shore running from the Buf- 
falo river at Louisiana st. southward 
thru Lackawanna to the town of 
Hamburg, Owing to differences be- 
tween the city and the railroads the 
part of this road within the city 
limits was almost completely disused 
for many years but in 1909 it was 
rebuilt and tracks for electric cars 
were laid upon it. 

Harbor Master. — This officer is ap- 
pointed by the mayor for a term of 
two years. He has the authority to 
direct the location of every craft on 
the navigable waters under the con- 
trol of the city and to remove any 
that obstruct navigation, and gener- 
ally to enforce the ordinances relat- 
ing to such waters. He also sells the 
right to cut ice on the waters of the 
harbor, where this is practicable. 

Hat Stores, see Mere's Hatterie 
and Furrierie. 

Health Department. — This depart- 
ment is administerd by a commis- 
sioner appointed by the mayor, for 
a term of 5 years. He must be a 
fj'^sician of 5 years' standing when 
appointed, and must devote all his 
time to the duties of his office. 
There is also a Board of Health, 



76 



consisting of tlie mnjOT, the com- 
missioner of public works, and the 
commissioner of health, which has 
power, in case of an impending epi- 
demic or the prevalence of rabies, 
to take such action as in its judg- 
ment may be necessary to protect 
the health of the city. The offices 
of the department are on the 2d and 
3d floors of the Municipal Building. 

The work of the department is 
divided among the following bu- 
reaus: The bureau of vital statistics 
keeps a register of the births and 
deaths occurring in the city, and 
issues permits for the burial, inciner- 
ation and removal of bodies. It also 
has charge of the medical examina- 
tion and vaccination of school chil- 
dren and issues permits for children 
over 14 years of age to work in 
mercantile and -manufacturing es- 
tablishments. It placards premises 
where there are cases of contagious 
disease and disinfects the premises 
after the recovery or removal of the 
patients. 

The bacteriological bureau makes 
tests of milk and city wafer, and 
makes examinations to determin the 
presence of diftheria, tyfoid fever 
and tuberculosis, and of rabies in 
dogs. 

The bureau of food and drugs in- 
spects slaughter houses, rendering 
plants, markets, bakeries and con- 
fectioneries, also examins milk, 
meat and vegetables offerd for sale 
and animals intended for food. 

The bureau of plumbing keeps a 
register of plumbers, issues permits 
for installing the drainage and 
plumbing of all buildings, files draw- 
ings and descriptions of the same, 
and inspects the work to see that it 
is done in accordance with the speci- 
fications that it has approved. 

The sanitary bureau issues per- 
mits for the erection of tenement 
liouses, livery stables and slaughter 



houses, after examining the plans 
and seeing that they conform to the 
city ordinances. It inspects tene- 
ments from time to time, determins 
when any business or practice is det- 
rimental to public health and when 
the presence of stagnant water or 
filth in gi'ounds or buildings amounts 
to a nuisance, and has charge of the 
abatement of such nuisances at the 
cost of the owners of the property. 
The parties responsible for such con- 
ditions must be notified and heard 
before action is taken. This bureau 
also issues permits to keep cows and 
hogs in certain parts of the city, un- 
der specified restrictions. , 

The municipal hospital bureau has 
charge of the city quarantine and 
contagious disease hospitals, and 
supervision of the patients treated 
at the cost of the city in other hos- 
pitals. 

The tuberculosis bureau adminis- 
ters the new law regarding the pre- 
vention of tuberculosis. 

The department maintains a chem- 
ical laboratory in charge of the 
city chemist, who makes analyses of 
asfalt, gas, foods, milk and the city 
water. 

The citv is divided into 8 dis- 
tricts, and a city fysician is ap- 
pointed by the health commissioner 
for each district. These fysicians 
treat indigent sick persons when re- 
quired by the overseer of the poor 
and also report to the health depart- 
ment any nuisances or violations of 
the health ordinances that come to 
their attention. 

The department is at present in 
charge of Health Commissioner 
Francis E. Fronczac, M. D. 

Historic Sites. — History began to 
be made along the Niagara river, by 
Europeans, when LaSalle headed his 
expedition in 1679 to establish a 
commercial route from L. Ontario to 
the upper lakes. He built a block 



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house at the mouth of the Niagara 
river and built and launcht a trading- 
vessel near where the village of La 
Salle is now. The French and In- 
dian wars made several spots in this 
region memorable, among them be- 
ing Fort Niagara and the Devil's 
Hole. The contest of the Kevolution 
was carrid on close to the Atlantic 
sea coast and along the large rivers, 
no battles being fought in this im- 
mediate vicinity. After that the 
banks of the Niagara river became 
the frontiers of two nations, and 
during the War of 1812 many places 
on both sides of the river became 
famous. The important ones are des- 
cribed in this Guide in the articles 
on Black Rock, Brock's Monument, 
Chippawa, Fort Erie and other forts, 
Lewiston, Limdy's Lane and Youngs- 
town. 

Owing to the fact that the first 
settlement at Buffalo was not made 
till after the Revolution, and that 
the young village was burnd in the 
War of 1812, the city has no very 
old buildings. The oldest remaining 
is the house at 2485 Main st., near 
the Belt line crossing, which was 
standing before the raid but was too 
far out to share in the destruction of 
the village. Of much historic in- 
terest is the dwelling of Judge Sam- 
uel Wilkeson, built in 1824. It is a 
wooden building of ample propor- 
tions, with a row of large pillars 
across the front, and stands on the 
west side of Niagara sq. Part of 
the Castle Inn, on the corner of Dela- 
ware av., built by James Hollister in 
1852, is notable for having been the 
last residence of President Millard 
Fillmore. The house of Dr. Ebenezer 
Johnson, first mayor of Buffalo, 
known as the Johnson ^'cottage," is 
also of historic interest. It is a 
stone building with an eight-sided 
cupola, fronting on Delaware av. at 
Johnson Park. Where the Erie 



County Savings Bank now stands is 
the site on which the old First Pres- 
byterian Church stood for many 
years. At the northwest corner of 
Main and Swan sts., where the Fi- 
delity building is now, was formerly 
a yellow 5-story brick block, on the 
second floor of which was the modest 
law office of Grover Cleveland. 
Three successive post office buildings 
are now standing in Buffalo. Before 
the present Federal Building was 
erected, the post office was in the 
building on the northeast corner of 
Washington and Seneca sts., now 
used for the Appraiser's Stores, 
while on the northwest corner is a 
small two-story structure which was 
the post office before that. 

The residence of John C. Glenny 
on Amherst st., which formerly stood 
near the northeast corner of Main 
and High sts., was built in 1823 or 
1824. It was begun by Joseph Elli- 
cott, but after his removal to Ba- 
tavia was purchased and completed 
by Col. Guy H. Goodrich. It was 
removed to its present site by Mr. 
Glenny in 1890. 

The boulders bearing tablets in 
Delaware Park and Fort Porter 
should be mentiond here and still 
other historic spots are named in 
the article on Niagara Frontier Land- 
marks Association, a society that is 
doing valuable work in commemorat- 
ing the past. 

Holy Cross Cemetery, — The largest 
of the Catholic Cemeteries in Buf- 
falo and vicinity. It lies on the 
Ridge Roadj in Lackawanna, and is 
reached by Abbott rd., Jefferson st. 
or Hamburg cars or by Buffalo. 
Rochester & Pittsburg railroad to 
W. Seneca station. 

Hospitals, — ^Buffalo is well sup- 
plied with institutions for the care 
of the sick, some of which are con- 
ducted by boards of trustees while 



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others are ownd and conducted by 
fysicians. In addition to patients 
who pay for their own care, most of 
the hospitals receive poor patients 
whose care is paid for by the city 
or some society. Those having facili- 
ties for cases of contagious disease 
are the Contagious Diseases Hospi- 
tal, the Erie County and the Chil- 
dren's, the last named taking cases 
of contagious children's diseases. 
The following is a list of the hos- 
pitals in the city, with a brief des- 
cription of each: 

BUFFALO GENERAL HOSPI- 
TAL, High, Elm and Goodrich sts. 
Founded in 1855; has 300 beds; for 
all diseases except contagious. 
Charges for patients are $8 a week 
in the wards and $2 to $5 a day in 
private or semi-private rooms. The 
main building has a sun room and 
a roof garden. There is also a 
building for isolating contagious dis- 
eases that develop on the premises. 
The Harrington hospital for children 
and maternity cases, one of the 
buildings recently erected, is of sup- 
erior construction in every way. It 
stands on Goodrich st., opposit the 
other buildings. The total expenses 
of the General Hospital are over 
$100,000 a year, of which about 
$20,000 is met bv the income of in- 
vested funds. It has a school of 
nursing, opend in 1876, with a 3 
years course. President of the trus- 
tees, Charles W. Pardee; superinten- 
dent, Renwick R. Ross, M. D. 

BUFFALO HOSPITAL, 1883 Main 
St., is the oldest in the city and is 
the next to the largest, having 260 
beds. Its precent main building is 
thoroly modern in its equipment and 
working force. About 2,000 patients 
are treated each year. It is com- 
monly calld the Sisters' Hospital be- 
ing conducted by the Catholic order 
of Sisters of Charity. 



BUFFALO STATE HOSPITAL, 
on Forest av. west of Delaware Park, 
from which it is separated by Elm- 
wood av. Reached by Elmwood av. 
or Forest av. cars. This is one of 
the institutions for public insane 
patients maintaind by the State of 
New York. Private patients are ad- 
mitted only when vacancies exist. 
The spacious enclosure comprises 185 
acres, part of which is cultivated as 
a farm and the rest is used for the 
recreation of the inmates and at- 
tendants. The administration build- 
ing is the center of a curved chain 
of stone and brick ward buildings 
connected by corridors, more than 
half a mile in total length. This 
group may be recognized from a dis- 
tance by the two great square 
towers with bright red tiled roofs, 
rising above the main building. 
There are usually over 1,900 pat- 
ients. Visiting days for relatives of 
patients are Monday, Wednesday 
and Friday, from 2 to 5 p. m.; no 
general visiting except by special 
application. Superintendent, Arthur 
W. Hurd, M. D. 

BUFFALO WOMAN'S HOSPI- 
TAL, 191 Georgia st. For maternity 
cases and women's diseases; capacity 
36 beds. Charges for patients $12 
to $30 a week. Has a training school 
for nurses. Drs. C. C. Frederick and 
Earl P. Lothrop, proprietors. 

CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, 219 
Bryant st. Founded in 1892; new 
building given by Mrs. Charles W. 
Pardee was opend in 1908, For all 
diseases of children. About 300 
patients treated each year. Charges 
in wards, $8 a week; in rooms, $10 
to $35 a week. There are also sev- 
eral endowd free beds. This hos- 
pital has a nurses' training school 
with a course of 3 years. President 
of board of managers, Mrs. Lester 
Wheeler; superintendent. Miss Ada 
E. Igguldin. 



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CITY HOSPITAL FOE WOMEN, 
859 Humboldt pky. For maternity 
cases and women's diseases; capacity 
25 beds. Charges for patients, $7 
to $25 a week. Friends may visit 
patients from 2 to 5 and 7 to 9 p. m. 
Charles F. Congdon, M.D., fysician 
in charge. 

CONTAGIOUS DISEASE HOS- 
PITAL, Broadway and Spring st. Is 
maintaind by the city and was opend 
Feb. 22, 1909. It has 150 beds; 
charges for paying patients are $10 
a week; no visiting is allowd. Sup- 
erintendent, Walter S. Goodale, M.T). 

COLUMBUS HOSPITAL, 298 Nia- 
gara st. Charles E. Borzilleri, M. D., 
proprietor. 

EMEEGENCY HOSPITAL, E. 
Eagle and Pine sts. In charge of 
Sisters of Charity; 83 beds; ex- 
clusively for accident cases. About 
1300 patients treated each year. 

EEIE COUNTY HOSPITAL, 3399 
Main st. A public institution for 
the poor of Erie county. Capacity, 
450 beds. 

FEONTIEIl HOSPITAL, 1331 
Main st. Opend in 1907. This is an 
emergency and general hospital car- 
rid on by a corporation. It issues 
certificates for $2 a year which en- 
title holders to free treatment for in- 
juries and reduced rates for cases of 
sickness. Other patients are taken, 
the charges ranging from $10.50 to 
$25 per week. There are not more 
than 5 beds in a ward and private 
rooms can be had. 

GEEMAN HOSPITAL, 742 Jef- 
ferson st. Managed by a board of 
German citizens; admits both paying 
and city patients; 65 beds. Charles 
Duchmann, superintendent. 

GEEMAN DEACONESS HOME 
AND HOSPITAL, 218 Kingsley st. 
Has' 70 beds. IRev. Henry Noehren, 
superintendent. 

HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITAL, at 
present occupies a small building at 



74 Cottage st. Both charity and 
paying patients are admitted. Cap- 
acity, 54 beds. It has a school for 
nurses. President of trustees, H. E. 
Montgomery. 

This institution has outgrown its 
quarters and is erecting a fine scien- 
tifically pland structure at Linwood 
and Lafayette avs., which will be 
known as the Hahnemann Hospital. 

INVALID'S HOTEL, 663 Main st. 
Founded by Dr. E. V. Pierce in 1878. 
For the cure of nervous diseases, dis- 
eases of women and other disorders. 
Has 100 beds; charges for patients, 
$30 a week and upward. Lee H. 
Smith, M. D., superintendent. 

KEELEY INSTITUTE, 799 Niag- 
ara st. For the cure of liquor and 
drug addictions; capacity 25 to 30 
patients. Charges for treatment, $25 
a week; board $8 to $12. 

LEXINGTON HEIGHTS HOS- 
PITAL, 173 Lexington av. James E. 
King, M. D., surgeon in chief. 

MEECY HOSPITAL, 955 Tifft st. 
Opend Sept. 24, 1904. Capacity 44 
beds; charges for patients, $7 a week 
in wards, $9 to $20 a week in rooms. 
Visiting hours for wards, 2 to 4 p. 
m. dailv except Saturday; for rooms, 
10 to 12 a. m., 2 to 4 and 7 to 9 p. 
m. Has a training school for nurses. 
Conducted by the Catholic order of 
Sisters of Mercy. 

PAEKSIDE SANITAEIUM, 1392 
x\mherst st. Sidney A. Dunham, M. 
D.. proprietor. 

PEOVIDENCE EETEEAT, Main 
st. and Kensington av. ; for nervous 
and insane cases. About 400 pat- 
ients cared for each vear. 

QUAEANTINE HOSPITAL, 770 
E. Ferry st. Opend in 1906; has 60 
beds; supported by the city. No 
paying patients are taken and no 
visiting is allowd. Charles F. Durand, 
M. D., superintendent. 

EIVEESIDE HOSPITAL, 113 Laf 
ayette av. For medical surgical and 



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maternity eases; capacity 50 beds. 
Patients can be attended bj^ their 
own fysicians. Clmrges for board 
and nursing, $10 to $30 a week; pro- 
fessional attendance to be arranged 
for with the fysician. Visiting hours 
Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday 
from 2 to 5 and 7 to 8:45 p. m.; 
Sundays by permission. Has a train- 
ing school for nurses. Lillian Craig 
Kandall, M. D., proprietor and man- 
ager. 

EIVEESIDE ACCIDENT HOS- 
PITAL, 118 E. Swan st. Under the 
same management as the above. 

U. S. MAEINE HOSPITAL, 2183- 
85 Main st. Has a 4-story brick and 
stone building, opend Sept. 1, 1909. 
For lake sailors; 50 beds. Surgeon 
D. A. Carmichael, medical officer in 
command. 

Hotels. — Whether for a transient 
stay or a residence of years, the 
hotels of Buffalo afford most satis- 
factory accomodations, and some of 
the newest and largest are palatial 
in their appointments. While the 
greater number are naturally lo- 
cated in the business section, the 
visitor who wishes to stay in the 
quieter residence parts of the city 
will find many excellent houses to 
choose from there. The following is 
a list of good hotels in all parts of 
the city, with the main facts about 
each. Am. stands for American plan 
and Eu. for European. Special rates 
can be obtaind by the week or month 
if the arrangement is made at the 
outset. 

AELINGTON, Exchange st. opposit 
Central depot. J, W. McKay, pro- 
prietor. 100 rooms; Am. $2 to 
$2.50; Eu. $1. 
HOTEL BEOE'ZEL, Seneca and 
Wells sts. Chas, E. Ihle, manager. 
150 rooms; Am. $3 up. 
BUCKINGHAM. Allen and Mariner 
sts.. 6 blocks west of Main. 80 



rooms; Am. $2 up; Eu. $1 up. W. 
E. Cullen, manager. 

CASTLE INN, Niagara sq. and Dela- 
ware av. 70 rooms; Am. $2.50 up. 
E. H. Taft. proprietor. 

CEANDALL HOUSE, 965 William 
st. O. J. Purdy, proprietor. 80 
rooms; Am. $1.50 up. Near stock 
3'ards and horse market. 

CHELTENHAM, 234 Franklin st. 
J. H. Arnholt, proprietor. Am. $2 
up; Eu. $1 up. 

GENESEE, Main and W. Genesee 
sts. J. E. Murphy, proprietor. 135 
rooms; Eu. $1 up. 

lEOQUOIS, Main and E. Eagle sts. 
Woolley & Gerrans, managers. 400 
rooms; Eu. $1.50 up.* 

KING EDWAED, Niagara st. near 
Main. Brace & Morrison, proprie- 
tors. 100 rooms; Eu. 75c to $1.50. 

LAFAYETTE, Washington and Clin- 
ton sts. C. E. Eldridge, manager. 
300 rooms; Eu. $1.50 up.* 

LENOX, North st. near Delaware av. 
C. A. Miner, manager. 240 rooms; 
Eu. $1.50 up.* 

MANSION HOUSE, Main and Ex- 
change sts. Jos. E. Diebold, man- 
ager. 160 rooms; Eu. $1 up. 

HOTEL MONEOE, Pearl st. near 
Tupper. W. P. Eice, proprietor. 
75 rooms; Am. $1.50 up; Eu. 75c 
up. 

McLEOD'S, Exchange and Wells sta. 
Duncan McLeod, proprietor. 

MAEKEEN, Main and E. Utica sts. 
C. M. Pierce, manager, 175 rooms. 
Am. $2.50 up. 

STAFFOED, Washington and Carroll 
sts. Chas. G. Thorn, manager. Am. 
$2.00 up. 

HOTEL STATLEE, Washington and 
Swan sts. E. M. Statler, proprie- 
tor. 300 rooms; Eu. $1.50 up. 

HOTEL TOUEAINE, 274 Delaware 
av. Henshaw & Steenman, man- 

*See separate article. 



85 



agers. 250 rooms; Am. $3 up; 
Eu. $1.50 up, 
HOTEL VICTOEIA, 570 Main st. 
Leo Manger, proprietor. 100 
rooms Am. $1.50 up; Eu. 75c up. 

Humlboldt Park. — This is the prin- 
cipal park on the east side of the 
city, having an area of 56 acres, and 
lying between Northampton and Best 
sts,, on the line of Fillmore av. 
Eeached by Fillmore av., Best or 
Genesee st. cars, or Belt Line to Oen- 
esee st. station. Among its attrac- 
tions are a pool in which a large 
fountain plays, another containing a 
fine collection of water lilies and 
other aquatic plants, and still an- 
other provided for children to wade 
in. The wading pond is 500 feet 
across; it has a sandy bottom and 
the depth increases gradually from 
the edge to 30 inches in the middle. 
This park has a shelter house, there 
is also a band stand where concerts 
are given in summer, and the grounds 
are brightly lighted evenings by elec- 
tricity. Propagating houses to sup- 
ply plants for the various parks and 
public squares are located in Hum- 
boldt Park. 



^^ 






Buffalo enjoys the unusual 
distinction of having two 
Huyler stores^ at 350 Main st. and 
at 566 Main st. Few cities out- 
side of New York are so favord, 
and it proves how highly Buffalon- 
ians esteem the unequald Huyler 's 
Candy. The first Huyler store was 
opend in 1884 at the present down 
town location, 350 Main st., and at 
once leapt into popularity. 

One of the most distinctive fea- 
tures of Buffalo's social life is the 
Huyler Candy and Huyler dinner 
favors — most of our social leaders 
would deem any social function lack- 
ing in its correct entertainment un- 
less Huyler 's confections were served 
in some form. 



The Huyler stores in Buffalo are 
liandsomely finisht, the uptown store, 
especially being noticeably elegant 
in its beautiful embellishments of 
mahogany and marble and artistic 
color scheme. The store service and 
management is thoroly .alert and al- 
ways studying how to best serve its 
patrons and fully merit its rapidly 
increasing business. 

Huyler 's is ownd, controlld, op- 
erated and managed by the same in- 
terests today as during the past thirty 
years. Purity, quality, flavor and 
workmanship watched more carefully, 
than ever. Huyler 's is in no way 
interested in any other confectionery 
establishments. 

Hydraulics, The. — A section of 
Buffalo in the neighborhood of the 
old Hydraulic Canal, w'hich formerly 
extended from the eastern end of 
the Hamburg Canal to the line of 
the present Hydraulic st. 





87 



Indians. — Visitors from more east- 
ern cities always notice the Indian 
men and women who are seen pass- 
ing along the streets in Buffalo or 
standing at favorable points to sell 
wild flowers, and berries, sass9,fras 
bark, etc. They are descendants of 
the red men of the Seneca and other 
tribes of the Iroquois group, who 
formerly had western New York as 
their hunting grounds, and they live 
on the Cattaraugus Reservation, 
about 30 miles southwest of the city. 

The most famous Indian of this 
vicinity was Sagoyewatha, which 
means One who keeps awake, calld 
Eed Jacket by the English, who died 
20 Jan., 1830. His remains and those 
of chiefs Cornplanter, Tall Chief, 
Tom Pollard and Two Guns were re- 
moved from the Indian cemetery in 
South Buffalo to Forest Lawn, where 
a monument to their memory was 
erected. 

On the Buffalo river, some three 
or four miles from its mouth, Sen- 
eca Indian villages were establisht 
during the Eevolutionary war, refu- 
gees settling there in 1779-80, after 
Sullivan's raid had destroyd their 
old homes in the Genesee Valley. In 
this neighborhood was built a coun- 
cil house in which treaties of na- 
tional importance were made. Its 
exact location is not now known. A 
mission to the Seneca Indians here 
was establisht early in the last cen- 
tury. North of Cazenovia Park is 
the site of the mission church built 
in 1826, also the Indian cemetery 
where Eed Jacket and other chiefs 
were buried before their removal to 
Forest Lawn. Indian Church st. now 
runs thru the old churchyard. The 
cemetery ground on Buffum st. was 
given to the city in 1909 by Mr. and 
Mrs. John D. Larkin as an addition 



to the park system. The Seneca mis- 
sion house, built prior to 1831, is 
still standing, opposit the cemetery, 
and is in good preservation. Here 
dwelt the Eev. Asher Wright and 
his wife, and in this house educa- 
tional and religious books and a 
newspaper were printed in the Sen- 
eca tongue. 

Instruction, Department of Public. 

— All matters of public education in 
Buffalo, except the examination of 
teachers and inspection of schools, 
are in charge of a Superintendent of 
Education, elected by the people for 
a term of 4 years. His of&ce is on 
the 2nd floor of the Municipal Build- 
ing. He is assisted in the work of 
administration by four supervisors, 
one each for the grammar grades, 
primary grades, kindergartens and 
German. The instruction in some 
special studies is supervised by direc- 
tors. These are music, penmanship, 
drawing, manual training, sewing, 
domestic science and fysical culture. 
The superintendent appoints the 
teachers from eligible lists furnisht 
by the School Examiners, appoints 
the supervisors and directors, his 
secretary and office assistants and 
employs the janitors or engineers of 
school buildings. Henry P. Emerson 
has been superintendent since 1893. 

In the school year 1907-08, the reg- 
istration of pupils in the public day 
schools was 62,157, in the night 
schools, 5,918. There were 1,473 
teachers in the day schools. The 
expenditures made by the superin- 
tendent were $1,282,388.25 and by 
the department of public works for 
buildings, furniture, fuel, etc., $426,- 
306.24. In the same year, 74 private 
and parochial schools reported a reg- 
istration of 24,282 pupils. Truants 
are lookt after by 8 attendance of- 
ficers. 

Free text books have been supplied 
since 1893 in the day schools and 



88 



since 1898 in the niglit schools. Only 
books for English literature and for 
reading in forein languages are 
bought by the pupils. 

The teachers have a retirement 
fund maintaind by a small assess- 
ment on their salaries. Nearly $40,- 
000 was added to it by a teachers 
bazar held in 1902. Pensions to the 
amount of about $12,000 a year are 
being paid to retired teachers from 
this fund. (See School Examiners and 
Schools, Public). 

Iroquois Hotel. — This widely 
famed house, standing at the corner 
of Main and Eagle sts., in reputation 
and in prominence of location i? eas- 
ily the equal of what the Fifth Ave- 
nue in New York was in its palmiest 
days, but unlike that famous hostel- 
ry it is still with us and its appoint- 
ments, already luxurious, are to be 
still further improved. In its spac- 
ious of&ce rotunda may be seen, com- 
ing and going or chatting in groups, 
guests from all parts of the United 
States, and often distinguisht vis- 
itors from forein lands. On the 
ground floor also are the main din- 
ing room, the main parlor or ladies' 
lobby, with superb furnishings in 
delightful harmonies, the ladies' res- 
taurant with decorations in old rose 
and gold, the palm garden, where a 
string orchestra, in the loggia, dis- 
courses soft music during the even- 
ing hours, and the men 's cafe with 
its massive inlaid mahogany wood- 
work and fittings. The writing room, 
barber shop and other minor rooms 
are fitted up most tastefully. On 
the second floor is a spacious lobby 
decorated in white and pale tints 
and luxuriously furnisht. On one 
side of this lobby is a parlor, splen- 
did in gold and old rose, and on the 
other is a restaurant seating 350, 
decorated in a Venetian effect with 
tints all selected from the orange 
tree and its fruit and foliage. On 



this floor also is a banquet hall in 
the style of Francois I, and several 
beautifully decorated and furnisht 
private dining rooms. The 400 bed- 
rooms on the other eight floors are 
furnisht in tasteful luxury. Every 
one has a telefone and many have 
private baths.- From the roof a splen- 
did view can be had over the busy 
city, and across the foot of L, Erie 
and the Niagara river to the plains 
of Canada beyond. Within two or 
three blocks from its doors are the 
principal banks, the city hall, the 
court rooms, the Federal building, 
and large office buildings, in which 
the most important business matters 
that bring visitors to the city are 
transacted. 

Iroquois Rubber Company. — In the 

center of the down-town district, at 



/^"^ 




379 to 383 Washington st., stands 
the large 5-story building occupied 
by the above-named company. Its 
location is within half a block of 



90 



73 

o 
o 
c 
o 



X 

o 

H 

m 

r 




91 



the Iroquois and Lafayette Hotels. 
The business was establisht in 1896 
and now embraces everything in rub- 
ber and automobile supplies. In its Jail. — This is a county institution 
great warehouse, containing 34,000 and stands at Delaware av. and 
square feet of floor space, may be Church st. It is 4 stories high, of 
seen an immense display of rubber whitestone, and was built in 1877. 
goods, including the new ''nobby An extension was added to the south 
tread," non-skid auto tires of the end in 1908. It has cells for 200 
Morgan & Wright mahe, rubber boots inmates, A tunnel under the ave- 
and shoes, coats, caps, gloves and nue is used for conducting prisoners 
leggings, — mechanical rubber goods, to a.nd from the court rooms in the 
such as belting, hose, tubing and City and County Hall opposit. 
pacldng,-druggists' rubber sun- jamestown.-This is the most im- 
dries, household rubber goods and .^ Chautauqua county 

even toys. The lines carrid m tnis €, . xi, -d • -i j 4. x-u j; 4. 

, -111, 3 J! 4. It IS on the Lrie railroad, at the root 

store include brass goods for motor n r^. . 11 rrn -i ^i, 

-, . . 1, • M ^ n of Chautauqua lake, 70 miles south- 

cars, driving chains, oilers and all j. £ -n ^c i xi a-i ^7?: j 

,, ' , ^, ., 'v west of Buffalo, Fare $1.75, round 

other automobile supplies, . . ^ ,^ "Ppached also from West- 

Here also will be found a fully f \P T t -^eacHed also trom West 
equipt tire repair shop, in which ^^^^ ^^ Jamestown railroad It has 
thoroly experienced men are employd. J Population of over 25 000 and its 
^ ^ ^ -^ factories produce lurniture, woolen 

goods, plush, shoes, boilers, engines 
and hardware. There are 22 
churches and chapels, 3 daily news- 
papers and 3 libraries. It is in an 
agricultural region and has long been 
a popular summer resort. 

Jewish Churches.— On Delaware 

av. below North st. stands a wide, 

substantial stone building, with a 

_^ • large central dome and two domed 

towers at the front corners. This is 
Temple Beth Zion, the chief Jewish 
synagog in the city. It was built 
in 1890, of Medina sandstone, and is 
in the Byzantine style, with some 
Romanesque features. Services are 
held at 10.30 a. m, on the Jewish 
Sabbath (Saturday), and at 7,30 p, 
m. on Friday, which devout people 
of any faith are welcome to attend. 
There is also a children's service on 
Sunday at 10 a. m in the Assembly 
Room of the Temple, The rabbi is 
the Rev. Israel Aaron, D, D, 

A complete list of the Jewish 
Churches in Buffalo follows: 
AHAVAS-SHOLEM, 407 Jefferson st. 

92 




H 

m 

r 
m 

m 

H 

N 

O 
Z 




AHAVATHACHIM, Fillmore av. 
ANSHE-LABAWIZ, Pratt st. 
BETH-EL, 71 Elm st. 
BETH JACOB, Clinton and Walnut 

sts. 
BEITH SHALOM, 181 Pine st. 
HICKOEY STEEET, Hickory st. 
TEMPLE BETH ZION, Delaware av. 

near North st. 



L 



K 



Kenilworth Park is a race track 
just outside the city limits on the 
north. During race meets, Main st. 
cars run to the park. It was disused 
during the season of 1909. 

Kenmore is a residential village 
adjoining Buffalo on the north, and 
having about 1,000 population. It 
lies on both sides of Delaware av., 
extending from Belmont st. west- 
ward to the Military rd. Its resi- 
dents take much pride in making 
their suburb the most up-to-date and 
well kept village in Western New 
York. Kenmore has water and gas 
supplies, sewers and more pa.ved 
streets and sidewalks th^n any vil- 
lage of its size in the State. Well 
trimd lawns and sha,de trees line the 
streets and add greatly to their 
beauty. All departments of the local 
government are well administerd, 
and a progressive spirit is every- 
where in evidence. Kenmore has a 
postoffice, 3 churches, 3 volunteer fire 
companies, a fine high school, and is 
erecting a new high school building 
at a cost of about $50,000. The Ken- 
more Gymnasium, which cost over 
$15,000, has a hall that will seat 
1,000 persons, a full equipment of 
apparatus and a large swimming 
pool. Eeached by Kenmore or Ton- 
Rwanda street cars. 



Lackawanna. — Part of the town of 
West Seneca, on the lake shore and 
adjoining Buffalo on the south, be- 
came in July, 1909, the City of Lack- 
awanna, with a population of 11,370. 
It includes the plant of the Lacka- 
wanna Steel Co. and considerable 
railroad property. It is reached by 
street cars of the Abbott-South Park 
or Jefferson-South Park lines and by 
the Buffalo & L. Erie line. The West 
Seneca stations on the Lake Shore 
and Pennsylvania railroads are on 
the east side of the city. The office 
of the mayor and some of the other 
city officers is on the Eidge rd. nea.r 
South Park av. 

Laclsawanna Steel Plant. — By far 

the largest ijianufacturing pla.nt in 
the Buffalo district is the works of 
the Lackawanna Steel Company, 
commonly called ''the Steel Plant." 
It occupies a tract of about 1,500 
acres in the city of Lackawanna, ex- 
tending from . the southern city line 
of Buffalo along the lake shore for 
more than 3 miles, with an average 
width of over half a mile. In this 
plant there are blast furnaces, a 
Bessemer steel works, a foundry, 
standard rail mill, open hearth 
works, blooming, slabbing, plate, 
structural, sheet piling, light rail, 
merchant bar, sheet bar, and billet 
mills. Besides these various manufac- 
tories, there are two large villages 
on the tract ownd by the Steel Com- 
pany. A canal 4,000 feet long ex- 
tends into the tract, where large 
freight steamers discharge their car- 
goes of coal and ore and take on 
shipments of the products of the 
mills. Eailroad shipments to and 
from the steel plant are handled by 
the South Buffalo Eailway, which the 
Steel Company owns. This road has 
57 miles of track and connects with 



'H 



all trunk lines running into Buf- 
falo. There are also 10 miles of 
narrow gauge track and 32 narrow 
gauge locomotives operated within 
the works between the various mills. 
The power of the plant, both steam 
and electric, amounts to a grand 
total of 145,833 horsepower. The 
average number of men employd at 
this plant is 6,000. 



Clinton st^., one block east of Main, 
and overlooking Lafayette Square, 
one of the smaller city parks. Altho 
standing amid quiet surroundings, 
it is in the center of the commercial 
and shopping district and in close 
proximity to the theaters. It is 
ownd by the Lafayette Hotel Co., of 
which George W. Sweeny, the well- 
known New York hotel man, is presi- 




LAFAYETTE HOTEL 




In addition to this vast property, 
the Company owns extensive ore and 
coal mines in Pennsylvania, it has 
iron mines at Port Henry, N. Y., and 
holds large interests in iron ore prop- 
erties in the L. Superior district. Its 
general offices are in New York city, 
and it has district sales offices in 10 
leading states and in Montreal and 
London. This company mines in a 
year about 2,000,000 tons or iron ore 
and 3,000,000 tons of coal, and its 
annual producing capacity of mer- 
chantable steel products is 1,254,000 
gross tons. 

Lafayette Hotel. — This elegant 
houso is located at Washington and 



dent, and is managed by C. E. El- 
dridge. 

The spacious lobby, measuring 72 
by 84 feet, is finisht in Numidian 
marble and mahogany, and the fur- 
niture of soft red leather harmonizes 
with the prevailing color of the room. 
The outer restaurant, fronting Wash- 
ington St., is an artistic blending of 
brown and green, relievd by decora- 
tions of gold. The tea room is a 
marvel of daintiness and good taste; 
the predominant tones used in its 
decoration are cafe au lait and willow 
green. The carriage entrance, from 
Washington st., leads to the women's 
reception rpom, which is cheerful. 



95 



spacious, well lighted and well veu 
tilated. All the other public rooms 
are in like manner decorated and 
furnisht with beauty and good taste, 
while the bedrooms are models of 
comrort and convenience. 

Lafayette Square is a small park 
occupying a block of the most valu- 
able land in the heart of Buffalo, 
measuring 200 by 160 feet. It is 
bounded by Broadway, Washington, 
Clinton and Main sts., and is over- 
lookt by some of the finest buildings 
in the city. It is laid out in grass 
plots separated by broad stone walks 
raidiating from a circle in the cen- 
ter, in which stands the Soldiers and 
Sailors Monument. On the grass 
plots stand S cannon, of the type 
used in the civil war. Benches are 
provided for those who wish to rest 
in the park. 

Lancaster is one of the towns o' 
Erie county, about 10 miles east of 
Buffalo. It is crost from east to wes^ 
by Ellicott and Cayuga creeks, also 
by the N. Y. Central, Erie, Lehigh 
Valley, Lackawanna and West Shore 
railroads, each having from one to 
four stations within the limits of 
the town. It is reached also by two 
trolley lines. It contains the incor- 
porated village of Lancaster and 
about half of Depew. It has good 
public schools, a high school, 6 
churches, 2 newspapers, a bank, 4 fire 
companies, a fire alarm system, 
water and sewerage systems and 
electric light and power. 

Among its industries are the ex- 
tensive greenhouses of W. J. Palmer 
& Son, the factories of the American 
Malleables Co. and the Lancaster 
Machine and Knife Co., two glass 
factories, *twS brick yards, a tile and 
holTow-ware factory, a steam laun- 
dry, planing mill, bottling works, and 
4 cigar factories. Lake Como, a fine 
body of water, lies within the town- 
ship. The population is about 4,800. 



Larkin Company. — This great mer- 
cantile establishment is one of the 
few that take the time and trouble 
to show visitors thru their work- 
rooms and warehoiises. The main 
business of the company is the man- 
ufacture and sale of household and 
oilet soapSj but to these articles have 
been added toilet and pharmacal 
preparations, pure food specialties, 
paints, notions, and sundries, until it 
is now selling over 300 products. Its 
plant is on both sides of Seneca st., 
at Van Rensselaer st. Take a Sen- 
eca st. car and tell the conductor to 
stop at Larkin 's visitors' entrance 
and he will do the rest. More than 
0.000 persons from the United States 
and abroad visit this factory every 
year. 

This company has branches and 
showrooms in New York, Boston, 
Philadelphia,, Pittsburg, Cleveland, 
and Peoria. Both the in-coming and 
the out-going mail of the home office 
are enormous, and this one concern 
alone pays about one-fifteenth of the 
receipts of the Buffalo postoffice. 
The company issues a handsome 
folder, ''The Home of the Larkin 
Idea," describing the establishment, 
also its Product price-list and its Pre- 
mium list, which are given or maild 
to all interested. It also publishes 
monthly the Larkin Family Maga- 
zine. John D. Larkin, founder of 
the business, is president and treas- 
urer of the company, and Darwin 
D. Martin is secretary. 

La Salle. — A village on the New 
York side of the Niagara river, ad- 
joining Niagara Falls. Eeached by 
N. Y. Central railroad, fare 30c., 
also by Niagara Falls electric cars. 
Fare 30c., round trip 45c. 

At this place the trading vessel Le 
Griffon was built by French explor- 
ers, and the event has been com- 
memorated by placing a boulder with 
a memorial tablet upon it at abput 



96 



the location of the shipyard. It 
' stands beside the road in which 
the electric cars run. The tablet 
bears the following inscription: 

''Hereabout, in May, 1679, Eobert 
Cavelier De La Salle built the Grif- 
fon of sixty tons burthen, the first 
vessel to sail the Upper Lakes. 

"Erected by Niagara Frontier 
Historical Society and presented to 
Niagara Frontier Landmarks Associ- 
ation, May, 1902." 

The Griffon made one voyage to 
Mackinaw, but was lost on her re- 
turn. There was a U. S. shipyard at 
La Salle for a short time, establisht 
in 1804. 

The Lenox Hotel, on North st. at 
Delaware av., is situated in the most 
beautiful part of Buffalo. Its de- 
lightful location, standing as it does 
on the highest point in the city, and 
.surrounded by green grass and trees 
in . the summer, together with the 
high-class service for which the hotel 
has long been known, combine in 
making The Lenox a most desirable 
stopping place. 

It is accessible to all parts of the 
city; just far enough away from the 
dust and noise of the business sec- 
tion to make it pleasant, and still 
within easy reach of the shopping 
district and the theaters. A trip 
from The Lenox to the theaters is 
made thru Delaware av., the city's 
handsomest street. A view of the 
house appears on page 98. 

The Lenox changed hands on Jan- 
uary 1st, 1910, and the new proprie- 
tor, Mr. Frank E. "Wattles, has made 
extensive repairs thruout the build- 
ing, and has put the hotel in the best 
possible condition. Its manager, 
Mr. C. A. Miner, an experienced 
hotel man, promises its patrons the 
best in accommodations, cuisine and 
service. 

The Lenox is conducted on the 
European plan, with rates of $1.50 



per day and upwards. The restau- 
rant prices are as reasonable as pos- 
sible consistent with the high-class 
service which the hotel affords. 

The Lenox has an established cli- 
entele, and is considered an ideal 
hotel for transients and visitors to 
Niagara Falls and for parties de- 
siring to stop over on their way to 
and from points along the Great 
Lakes, the Muskoka district of 
Canada and the St. Lawrence river. 

Patrons may reach The Lenox by 
taking Elmwood cars direct to North 
st. or public taxicabs will take you 
to the hotel quickly. A special rate 
may be obtaind by charging this ser- 
vice to the hotel. 

Lewiston is a village on the Niag- 
ara river at the. head of navigation 
below the Falls. Steamers from 
Toronto to Queenston stop also at 
Lewiston, and it may be reached 
from Buffalo by the N. Y. Central 
railroad, distance 29 miles, fare 60c., 
round trip $1.05, or by electric cars 
via Niagara Falls. In 1719 Chabert 
Joncaire built here ''the picketed 
house," to protect the lower end of 
the portage around the ISiagara 
Falls andEapids, establisht by the 
French. The New York legislature, 
in 1798, voted that a village should 
be located here, and the State do- 
nated the land for its broad streets 
its ample parks and its grounds for 
public buildings. Fifteen years later 
the village then growing up here was 
burnd by a British expedition from 
across the river. On the hights south 
of the village, called Lewiston 
Mountain, oceurd the Devil's Hole 
Massacre. On these hights also was 
Fort Grey, and further down is the 
hill on which stands the stately. man- 
sion erected in 1815 by Major Benja- 
min Barton and still occupied by 
the family of a descendant. Within 
the grounds is a boulder bearing a 
tablet with this inscription: 



97 



"■'SI 








iiJ 



THE LENOX HOTEL, North Street at Delaware Avenue 



98 



"On this spot, Geu. Winlield Scott, 
October 13th, 1812, stationed a bat- 
tery of United States Artillery at 
the opening of the Battle of Queens- 
ton, the first conflict on the Niagara 
Frontier in the War of 1812. 

"Erected June, 1903, and pre- 
sented to the Niagara Frontier 
Landmarks Association by Kate Bar- 
ton Wheeler, a descendant of Major 
Benjamin Barton, U. S. A." 

In the churchyard of the old Pres- 
byterian church, begun in 1817, lie 
buried many soldiers of the War of 
1812. 

Libraries. — Following is a list of 
the free public and society libraries 
in Buffalo, with a brief description 
of each. Those maintaind by col- 
leges, clubs, societies and other or- 
ganizations for t'he use of their own 
members are included if non-mem- 
bers are allowd to consult the books 
in the building. 

ADAM MICKIEWICZ, 612-614 
Fillmore av. Contains over 2,500 
books and periodicals in Polish and 
English; open Wednesday from 7 to 
9 p. m.; Sunday from 2 to 4 p. m. 

BUFFALO 'catholic INSTI- 
TUTE, Main and Virginia sts.; 
organized October 1, 1866; 13,239 
volumes; open week days from 9 a. 
m. to 9 p. m., closing at 6.30 p. m. in 
July and August; Sunday, November 
to April, from 3 to 5.30 p. m. Yearly 
membership, $2; life membership, 
$30. Eeading and reference room 
free. 

BUFFALO HISTORICAL SOCI- 
ETY, Elmwood av., north of Forest 
av.* 

BUFFALO MEDICAL, University 
of Buffalo, High st., near Main. In- 
cludes the library of the Erie County 
Medical Society and that of the 
medical department of the Univer- 



sity; 8,000 volumes; open from 9 
a. m. to 6 p. m. daily, except Sunday. 

BUFFALO PUBLIC, Washington 
and Clinton sts.* 

BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NAT- 
URAL SCIENCES, Public Library 
l)uilding.* 

ERIE COUNTY MEDICAL SOCI- 
ETY. See BUFFALO MEDICAL. 

ERIE RAILAVAY ASSOCIATION, 
Erie Depot, 3d floor; 4,000 volumes; 
open week days from 9 a. m. to 9 
p. m. Yearly membership, $1. 

GROSVENOR, Franklin and Ed- 
ward sts.* 

GUARD OF HONOR, 602 AVash- 
ington st; about 1,000 volumes. 

HARUGARI, 260 Genesee st.; 
18,500 volumes, all in German; open 
from 8 to 10 p. m., Sunday 8 to 10 
a. m. also. 

LUTHERAN YOUNG MEN'S AS- 
SOCIATION, 665 Michigan st.; open 
Tuesday and Thursday from 8 to 10 
p. m.; over 6,000 volumes. 

NORMAL SCHOOL, Jersey st. 
and Normal av.* , 

NORTH BUFFALO CATHOLIC 
INSTITUTE, 47 Amherst st.; about 
4,000 volumes; open every evening. 

POLISH, Broadway and Playter 
St.; over 7,700 volumes in Polish, 
English, German and other lan- 
guages. 

ST. MICHAEL'S YOUNG MEN'S 
SODALITY, 500 Ellicott st. Con- 
tains over 1,800 volumes in English, 
German and French; open daily from 
7.30 to 10.30 p. m. 

SUPREME COURT, room 23, City 
Hall. A public law library main- 
taind by the State for the 8th Judi- 
cial District; 20,000 volumes; open 
from 9 a. m. to 9.30 p. m., closing 
at 5 p. m. Saturday. 

UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO 
LAW SCHOOL, rooms 935-37 Ellicott 
sq.; 4,000 volumes; open week 



'See separate article. 



91) 



(lays from 8 a. m. to 12 p. m.; for 
the use of the faculty and students 
of the law school oulv. 

WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL AND 
INDUSTRIAL UNION, 86 Delaware 
av.* 

YOUNG MEN'S CHEISTIAN AS- 
SOCIATION, 45 W. Mohawk st.* 

YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN 
ASSOCIATION, 19 W. Mohawk st.* 

Lily Dale is a villn.ge on the shores 
of the Cassadaga lakes, where a 
spiritualist summer camp is held. It 
is about 50 miles southM'est from 
Buffalo and is reached by railroad 
connecting- with the Lake Shore at 
Dunkirk. 

Live Stock. — This city is a large 
market for live stock, the traffic in 
which is carrid on at the stock 
yards in East Buffalo. The E;st Buf- 
falo Live Stock Association em- 
braces in its membership of 101 
all the regular dealers in live stock 
at this market. It is a, commercial 
organization for the protection and 
benefit of its members and the fur- 
therance of live stock interests in 
various ways, such as the enforce- 
ment of proper business methods, 
regulation of charges, etc. The busi- 
ness handled by the members of this 
association during the year 1909 to- 
taled 34,800 car loads, which re- 
duced to numbers of head would be: 
cattle, 16.3,000 head; hogs, 2,016,000 
head; sheep, 1,234,000 head; and 
calves 163,000 head. The handling 
of this business was productive of 
bank clearings of upwards of 
$100,000,000. The president is S. M. 
Boren and the secretary is C. F. 
Watkins. 

The headquarters of the trade is 
the Live Stock Exchange, a sub- 
stantial 3-story office building with 
a square tower, which stands at 
William and Depot sts., opposit the 



*See separate article. 



stock yards. It is ownd by a com- 
pany composed of dealers in live 
stock. A daily paper, the Live 
Stock Eecord, is publisht in the in- 
terest of the trade in this city. 

The principal stock yards in Buf- 
falo are ownd by the N. Y. Central 
railroad. They are on William st. 
in E. Buffalo, beside the railroad 
tracks, and cover some 80 acres. 
About 200 hands are employe! in 
driving and tending the animals. 

A large trade in horses is carrid 
on in Buffalo, and this also centers 
around the stock yards. 

Lockport. — This city is the county 
seat of Niagara county and is 25 
miles northeast of Buffalo. It is 
reached by N. Y. Central E. E. or 
by electric cars, round trip fare 50c. 
Eunning time of the electric cars, 
one hour. The population in 1900 
was 16,581. It has two commercial 
banks, a savings bank and 3 daily 
newspapers. The Niagara escarp- 
ment runs thru Lockport, so part 
of the city is on high ground and 
part about 60 feet lower. The Erie 
canal passes from the high level to 
the lower by means of a group of 
10 locks in the center of the city 
about 5 minutes' walk from the sta- 
tion of the electric ears. This city 
is amply supplied with power, partly 
from the surplus water drawn from 
the upper level of the canal, and in 
part from electric plants at Niagara 
Falls. Consequently many important 
industries have located here. Among 
the goods manufactured are power 
pumps, engines, machinery for many 
purposes, indurated fiber products, 
flour, paper, glass, stoves, tackle- 
blocks, saws and aluminum. There 
is also a company that supplies steam 
heat from mains in the streets, using 
the exhaust steam of factories. 

Locksley Park is. a location, for 
suburban homes on the lake shore, 
9 miles from the Buffalo city hall, 



101 



and near Athol Springs. It is on a 
bluff 35 feet above the level of L 
Erie. About 3 3 acres on the water 
front, having a sandy beach, is re- 
servd as a park for the residents on 
the rest of the property. Beached by 
the Lake Shore and Pennsylvania 
railroads to Athol Springs, also by 
electric cars, 

Lundy's Lane. — One of the battle 
fields of the War of 1812, at Niag- 
ara Falls, Ont. Eeached by street 
cars from the Niagara Falls, Vic- 
toria Park or Falls View station of 
the Michigan Central railroad. Leave 
the car at Lundy's Lane and walk 
up the lane about two minutes to a 
cemetery on the top of a hill. In 
this cemetery is a granit monument, 
which, with its base and mound, 
stands a.bout 30 feet high. It bears 
the following inscription: 

' ' Erected by the Canadian Parlia- 
ment in honour of the victory gained 
by the British and Canadian forces 
on this field, on the 25th day of 
July, 1814, and in grateful remem- 
brance of. the brave men who died 
on that day fighting for the unity 
of the empire. 1895." 

Stone steps lead down to a small 
crypt under the monument, thru the 
grated doors of which three old cof 
fins may be seen. 

Nearby is a granit block a.bout 5 
feet high with this inscription: 

' ' In memory of Capt. Abraham 
F. Hull, 9 unknown soldiers 9th 
Regiment, United States Army, 
killed at the battle of Lundy's Lane, 
July 25th, 1814. Erected by the 
Niagara Frontier Landmarks Associ- 
ation, of Buffalo, N. Y., September, 
1907." 

The storj of the battle is that 
Gen. Brown, the American comman- 
der, then at Chippewa, sent a force 
under Gen. Winfield Scott to attack 
the British at this place. The Ameri- 
cans drove their opponents from the 



field, capturing their commander, 
Gen. Eiall, and a battery placed on 
the hill. After nightfall the British 
made three attempts to retake the 
hights and three times they were 
repulst. After the fighting ceast, 
Gen. Brown, who was severely 
wounded, withdrew his force to Fort 
Erie, and the British reoccupied the 
hill the next morning without oppo- 
sition. The result has always been 
claimd as a victory by both sides. 

In this cemetery is also a, granit 
stone surmounted by a bronze bust 
to perpetuate the name of Laura 
Ingersoll Secord, who went on foot 
nearly 20 miles, in June, 1813, and 
warnd a small British force of an 
intended attack, thereby enabling 
the British to defeat the American 
expedition at Beaver Dams. The 
monument was erected June 22, 1901. 
The earliest grave in the cemetery 
has a special marker. It is that of 
John Burch, who died March 7, 1797. 




102 



M 



Manufacturers and Traders Na- 
tional Bank. — In the front rank of 
the financial institutions of Buffalo, 
and constantly advancing, is the 
bank familiarly known as the ''M. 
& T.,'' at Main and W. Swan sts. 
Founded in 1856 with a capital of 
$200,000, it has weatherd the finan- 
cial storms of half a century, that 
have carrid down many ventures of 
less inherent strength or less wisely 
directed. Its capital and surplus 
have now increast to $2,500,000 and 
its total resources are close to 20 
millions. Occupying a large plot of 
ground that extends back to Pearl 
St., it is able to have both its main 
banking office and its safe deposit 
vault on the ground floor. The long 
row of tellers' and clerks' windows 
in the main office afford exceptional 
facilities for attending promptly to 
the wants of its many patrons. The 
Women 's Department is provided 
with all possible conveniences and 
resembles a luxurious private writing 
room. 

The safe deposit vault is separated 
from the main office by an iron grill 
of graceful design. The main wall 
of the vault is built of solid masonry, 
around which are placed heavy lay- 
ers of steel, forming an outer shell 
constructed of armor plate, scientific- 
ally temperd and tested against saw, 
drill and other devices. 

The doors are equipt with quad- 
ruple time locks and an electric 
burglar alarm. The boxes for the 
safe keeping of bonds, stocks, deeds, 
wills and other papers, or jewelry, 
range in size from 2 inches high, 5 
inches wide and 23 inches deep to 2:7 
inches square, and the rentals are 
from $5 to $150 yearly. Outside the 
vault are coupon rooms where secui- 
ities may be examind or committee 



meetings held. Beneath this vault 
is another for storing chests of 'sil- 
ver, heirlooms, books, manuscripts, 
pictures and other bulky valuables, 
and the Bank has a special wagon to 
call for and deliver such articles. 
The vault is open business days from 
9 a. m. to 4 p. m., except Saturday, 
when it is closed at 1 p. m. 

Manufactures. — No other Ameri- 
can city has made such forward 
strides in manufacturing during re- 
cent years as Buffalo has during the 
past decade. The figures showing 
the extent of this advance from 1900 
to 1905 are found in Bulletin No. 101 
of the U. S. Census Bureau. During 
these five years, the industrial pro- 
gress of Buffalo brought it from 12th 
to 10th place among American in- 
dustrial centers, passing San Fran- 
cisco and St. Paul-Minneapolis. 
These centers include in each case 
some contiguous territory, in addi- 
tion to the city named, forming a dis- 
trict; thus Buffalo's extra territory 
comprises Tonawanda, Amherst, 
Cheektowaga, W. Seneca, Lacka- 
wanna, Hamburg and E. Hamburg. 
But with these additions, the popu- 
lation of this district was less than 
that of any other of the first 12. 
During the five years coverd by the 
bulletin, the increase in value of 
manufactured products in this dis- 
trict was 48.2 per cent. The total 
output for 1905 was worth $168,- 
111,658, of which not quite one- 
eighth, or $20,733,785 worth, was 
made in the- territory outside of the 
city. In making up the total iron 
and steel leads with $16,946,746, of 
which foundry and machine shop 
products amounted to $13,024,515. 
Other important industries in order 
axe slaughter house products, $16,- 
269,453; flour and grist mill pro- 
ducts, $9,889,016; cars, $8,814,057;* 
soap and candles, $4,792,915; cloth- 
ing, $4,739,727; lumber, $4,630,818; 



103 



bread, $4,492,465; priuting and pub- 
lishing, $4,257,807; chemicals, $3,- 
254,309, and leather, $2,428,392. 

Buffalo's gain from 1900 to 1905 
was $16,000,000 more tha.n that of 
Cincinnati, $17,000,000 more than 
that of Cleveland, and $29,000,000 in 
excess of that of Baltimore. If the 
same relative gain has been main- 
taind for the latter half of the 
decade, Buffalo has past Cleveland 
and Baltimore and is neck and neck 
with Cincinnati for 7th place. 

Another significant feature is the 
far greater diversification of indus- 
try in this city than in any other — 
a highly important fact in times of 
depression or labor conflicts in par- 
ticular lines. Of the 339 lines of 
manufacturing recognized by the 
census bureau, Buffalo is represented 
in 198, or more than 58 per cent. In 
Pittsburg-Allegheny iron and steel 
is the largest manufacture, and when 
that is seriously deprest, 60.9 per 
cent of the industry of the district is 
paralyzed, with the necessarily wide 
reaching results. In like manner, 
Cincinnati is dependent on brewing 
and distilling liquors to the extent 
of 58.7 per cent of its industries, 
Chicago on slaughtering and packing 
for 28 per cent, Cleveland on iron 
and steel for 25.1 per cent and Phil- 
adelphia on textiles for 18.9 per cent. 
In Buffalo when the leading industry, 
iron and steel, is deprest, only 10.8 
per cent of the output of the dis- 
trict is affected thereby. 

For the five years under consider- 
ation, Buffalo led all other cities of 
the first 12 in increase of capital 
invested in manufacturing estab- 
lishments, with 79.3 per cent., also 
in the value of materials used, with 

44.4 per cent, in the number of wage 
earners employd, with 29.9 per cent^ 
in the amount of wages paid, with 

43.5 per cent, and in salaries paid, 
with 61.6 per cent. 



This record of progress can not 
fail to fill the heart of every citizen 
with pride at the gratifying state 
of affairs at present and the fasci- 
nating largeness of the prospect for 
the future. 

Markets. — The public markets 
were originally open plots of ground 
where butchers sold meat and farm- 
ers sold fruit and vegetables from 
their wagons. Later the city erected 
a long narrow brick building on each 
plot and rented stalls in it. Still 
later a row of wooden booths was 
added on each side of the central 
building and some space was still 
left open for wagon stands. There 
are four such markets in Buffalo, 
and the rent of the stalls is one of 
the city's sources of revenue. The 
care of the buildings and collection 
of rentals is the duty of the Super- 
intendent of Markets, who is ap- 
pointed by the Mayor and has an 
office at each market. The present 
superintendent is George W. Ryan. 

BROADWAY MARKET occupies 
a plot on Broadway running from 
Gibson st. to Lombard. Its brick 
building is about the same size as 
tha/ of the Washington Market, but 
•was built much later — in 1889. 

CLINTON MARKET is on Clinton 
st. between East and West Bennett 
sts. The brick building, erected in 
the same year as that of the Wash- 
ington Market, was of the same size, 
but about half of it was burnd in 
1909. 

ELK STREET MARKET is the 
oldest of the present markets and 
extends for three blocks, from Scott 
to Elk St. between East and West 
Market sts. Both wholesale and 
retail trade are carrid on here. The 
brick market building is about 40 
feet wide and 350 feet long, ex- 
tending from Scott to Perry st., 
and it was built in 1854. A frame 



104 



building for this marlcet was built in are issued from the mayor ^s office. 
1849. Across the streets surround- He has power to suspend or remove 
ing this market most of the stores any officer (except as otherwise pro- 
are occupied by produce commission vided) for misconduct or neglect of 
merchants. " duty. If the mayor shall be unable 

WASHINGTON MARKET, some- to perform the duties of his office, 
times calld Chippewa Market, occu- in consequence of illness or tem- 
ples a plot running from Chippewa porary absence from the city, he 
St. northward 500 feet and from may designate an alderman or eoun- 
Washington st. to Ellicott. Being eilman to act in his place. He is 
convenient to the chief residence ex-officio a member of the Health, 
sections, this is the principal retail Paxk and Police boards, 
market of the citv, and more busi- The mayor's office is on the 2nd 
ness is done here than at any of floor of the city hall. On its walls 
the others. The brick building, are hung about 30 portraits of for- 
erected in 1857, measures about 40 ^ner mayors of the city. . 
by 400 feet. Most of the stalls in Mayville.— This is the county seat 
this building are leased to butchers, ^f Chautauqua county, and is situ- 
while vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs and ated at the head of Chautauqua 
dairy products are sold from the j^ke, 65 miles southwest of Buffalo, 
wooden booths and stands outside. q^ the Pennsvlvania railroad. Fare 

All the main market buildings are $153^ j-ound trip $3.15. Reached also 

open from 4.30 a. m. to 2.30 p. m., f^^^ Westfield or Jamestown bv the 

except from Nov. 1 to April 20, when Jamestown railroad. Here ' the 

they open at 5.30. On Saturday they steamer can be taken for a zig-zag 

remain open till 10.30 p. m. Satur- ^^.^p ^^^^ whole length of the lake, 

day is the busiest day on the mar- stopping at the many beautiful points 

kets. on either side. 

Mayor. — The chief executive of- ,, « • mi 

±j.c^jfxj .. . , ^,„, ,_ ., ^ Messenger Service. — The messen- 

ficer of the city is elected by the j? , ? , , i n 

-, n , "^ £ A r, TT-c, S'ers of the two telegraf companies 

people for a term of 4 years. His ^ , ^ -, 1. ^ i ^i. 

^ ,f . . "V^ ^^,.„^ mav be employd to carrv letters 

duties are, m general, to enforce ; n i + -^ j. ^ 4.1, 

the laws Within the city and see ^P,^ ^^^^^^ P^^^^^^ to any part of the 

that the duties of other city officers ']^^: ^hey may be summond by 

are faithfullv performd. All ordi- fi^^i^^ one of the call boxes placed 

nances and resolutions of the com- f, ^^^^^ ^^'^'^^^ ^^^l ^?l'^^^ ^' by 

•1 . -.^ ^„„^+^^ +^ telerone. The Electric Message and 

mon council must be presented to ^ ,. ^ , t 1 ^ i 
the mayor and do not take effect un- Delivery Co^ also supplies boys, who 
less he approves them or fails to "^^^ ^^ ^^"^ ^5^ telefone. 
return them disapproved within 10 Methodist Episcopal Church-es. — 
days. Ordinances disapproved by The Methodists have a larger num- 
him may be re-enacted by the coun- ber of churches in Buffalo than anv 
cilmen and aldermen, each by a two- other protestant denomination. A 
thirds vote (or by a three-fourths list is given below. All the churelios 
vote in case a two-thirds vote was in this list except the African and 
necessary in the first instance), and the two German churches, are mem- 
shall then take effect without the bers of the Genesee Conference, 
mayor's approval. The mayor ap- which is divided into five districts. 
points a secretary and a license clerk. Business matters relating to the Buf- 
Licenses not otherwise provided for falo district, which covers Erie and 



105 



Niagara counties, are attended to 
by the Superintendent, Rev. J. L. 
8ooy, D. D., 26(i Lexington av. Buf- 
falo is also the residence of one of 
the bishops of the M E., church, the 
Kight Kev. Joseph F. Berry, D. D. 

The Richmond Avenue church, now 
25 3^ears old, has had a remarkably 
rapid growth and is the largest con 
gregation of all the protestant 
churches in this city. It has a grand 
and beautiful edifice, at Richmond 
av. and W. Ferry st., with a seating- 
capacity of 1,200. 

ASBURY, Pearl and Chippewa sts. 
CENTRAL PARK, Beard and Wesley 

sts. 
DEL7v\VARE AVE., 349 Delaware av. 
FIRST AFRICAN, Vine St., near 

Oak. 
FIRST GERMAN, 170 Mortimer st. 
GRACE, Michigan st., near N. Divi- 
sion. 
HyMBOLDT PARKWAY, Humboldt 

pky., near Kensington a v. 
.KENSINGTON, 23 Shawnee st. 
LINWOOD AVE., 24 AV. Utica st. 
LOVEJOY STREET, Lovejoy st., 

near Bailev av. 
NORMAL PAhK, 201 Hampshire st. 
NORTHAMPTON STREET, 102 

Northampton st. 
ONTAFIO STREET, Tonawanda and 

Ontario sts. 
PLYMOUTH, Jersey st. and Ply- 
mouth av. 
RICHMOND AVENUE, Richmond 

av. and W. Perry st. 
RIPLEY MEMORIAL, 125 Farmer 

St. 

RIVERSIDE, Bird and West avs. 
ST. MARK'S, Elk st.. near Hamburg. 
SAN PAOLO (Italian), Front av. 

and Wilkeson st. 
SECOND GERMAN, 233 East st. 
SENECA STREET, Seneca and Im- 

son sts. 
SENTINEL, Howard and Monroe sts. 
SOUTH PARK, Pixie V st. 



SUMNER PLACE, Sumner pi., 
near Walden a v. 
WOODSIDE, Abbott rd., near Caze- 
novia st. 

Miller's Silk Shop. — Occupying the 
most prominent corner on the 2d floor 
of the Brisbane bidg., with its broad 
windows overlooking Main st. and 
Lafayette sq., is the daylight sales- 
room of Miller's Silk Shop. The 
proprietor is Mr. C. W. Miller, whose 
29 years with the Adam, Meldrum & 
Anderson Co., where he was buyer 
and manaper of silks and velvets, 
made for him many lasting custom- 
ers, who are now his loyal patrons 

The lines of goods dealt in at this 
shop comprise silks — both dress ma- 
terials and linings — also laces, linens 
and cottons. In addition to the piece 
goods, a fine selection of beautiful 
imported robes, of Parisian design 
and workmanship, may be found 
here. It is the shop that caters 
to women who know materials, 
the shop that shows, styles not 
shown in every store in the city; 
the easy shop to reach — orly one 
flight up bv stairs or elevator. Be- 
ing the best natural daylighted store 
in Buffalo, customers can matcli silks 
perfectly here. Mail orders are also 
fild with care and promptness. All 
materials shown have real merit and 
no inferior or shop-worn goods are 
ever offerd to patrons. 

The steadfast policy of this store 
is — Better qualities than you can find 
elsewhere at the price. 

Monuments. — Buffalo 's memorial to 
the defenders of their country in 
the Civil War is the Soldiers' and 
Sailors' Monument, which stands in 
Lafayette sq., in the heart of the 
city. It was uhveild July 4, 1884. 
It consists of a cylindrical shaft of 
granit surmounted by a female fig- 
ure typifying the city and rising to 
a total hight of 85 feet. Encircling 



106 




LAFAYETTE SQUARE AND THE BRISBANE BUILDING 




MILLER'S SILK SHOP, 9 Brisbane Building 



the coium are bronze bas-reliefs de- 
picting historic scenes of the war. 
Upon buttresses projecting from the 
base stand four bronze figures rep- 
resenting the infantry, cavalry, ar- 
tillery and navy. The total cost 
was $50,000 and the money was 
raisd by the ladies of Buffalo. 

The McKinley Monument, stand- 
ing in the center of Ni-iigara Square, 
towers 93 feet above the pavement. 
It was erected by the State of New 
York in honor of President William 
McKinley, who was shot at the, Pan- 
American Exposition in Buffalo on 
Sept. 6, 1901. The shaft is built 
of carefully selected Vermont marble 
and its grand simplicity typifies the 
character of the beloved President 
in whose memory it was raisd. Four 
lions, ehiseld out of Italian marble, 
and weighing 15 tons each, guard its 
approaches. The shaft is 7 feet 
square at the base and tapers sym- 
metrically to the top. Flanking the 
base are pools of crystal water, 
which sparkles unceasingly from 
graceful fountains. Altogether the 
splendid pile cost $105,000. The 
sites was provided and adornd by the 
citv, and the monument was un- 
vei'ld Sept. 5, 1907. On the four 
faces at the base of the shaft it 
bears the following inscriptions: 
EAST "face. 

^'This shaft was erected by the 
State of New York to honor the 
memory of William McKinley, 
Twenty-fifth President of the United 
States of America." 

SOUTH FACE. 

'' William McKinley was born a.t 
Niles, Ohio, January 29, 1843; was 
enlisted in 23d Ohio Volunteers June 
11, 1861, as private, mustered out 
July 26, 1865, as major by brevet 
for gallantry under fire." 
WEST FACE. 

' ' William McKinley was elected 
to Congress as a Representative from 



Ohio in 1876, 'SO, '82, '84, -86, '88, 
was elected Governor of Ohio in 1891 
and 1893, and President of the 
United States in 1896 and 1900." 

NORTH FACE. 
' ' William McKinley died in Buf- 
falo, September 14, 1901, victim of 
a treacherous assassin, who shot the 
President as he was extending to him 
the hand of courtesy." 

The Verdi Monument, at Niagara 
and Mohawk sts., consists of a bronze 
bust, 5 feet in hight, the work of 
Antonio P^go, of Palermo, standing 
on a granit base 11 feet high. The 
base was designed by Henry Schmitt 
and executed by A. De Cianno, both 
of Buffalo. This memorial to the 
celebrated composer was presented to 
the city by the Italian residents 
end was unveild Sept. 2, 1907. 

In the article on Forest Lawn the 
public monuments within that en- 
closure are described — those to the 
Volunteer Firemen, the Grand Army 
men to Red Jacket and the Farmers' 
Brother monument. 

MOEE'S Fashionable "Hattari'? 
and Furrierie," established in 1857, is 
as well known in the State of New 
York as are the Falls of Niagara. 
On entering the store at 327 Main 
st. you will find the Men's Hat De- 
partment, which is full of the newest 
hats for gentlemen produced in the 
United States, England, Italy and 
France — notably the ' 'Miller," 
''Stetson," English "Christy" and 
"Heath," Italian "Borsalino," etc. 
This is the original store. 

You walk through and you come to 
the new and additional three AN'ash- 
ington st. stores, which thrown to- 
gether into one make unquestiona^'»lv 
the very finest Fur and Ladies' Hat 
Show Room in Western New York, 
or anywhere else. Down a few broad 
and easy steps you find,, on the left, 
the most elegant, comfortnble and 



108 



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Z 

D 

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m 

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X 

o 

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Da 




best stocked — with the extremest 
novelties of each season — Ladies' 
Hatterie in existence — the leading 
feature of which, under expert man- 
agement, is to have ready always 
' ' The Eight Hat for Any Function. ' ' 

In the center of the spacious room 
is the handsomest Fashionable Fur- 
rierie conceivable, extensively stock- 
ed with rich an I fascinating furs 
mil do up of The finest know.i skins 
and in accordance with Dame Fash- 
ion's very newest demands from sea- 
son to season — whether in Coats or 
Sets of neck and hand furs for wo- 
men, or in Fur-lined coats for men. 

On the right is found the depart 
ment for Auto Fur=5, which includes 
everything in fur for the protection 
and comfort of both owner and chauf- 
feur. Here also is a real conven- 
ience for such — a special entrance on 
Washington st., at which auto cars 
can await the convenience of owners, 
which is something they are not al- 
lowed to do on Main st. 

Amongst various naturally mount- 
ed animals, beautiful tapestry and 
other decorations on the high walls 
will be noticed an original sign which 
reads, '^We Sold Hats and Furs to 
Your Mothers and Fathers — Why Not 
to You?" And echo answers: Why 
Not! 

D. S. Morgan Building. — One of 
the most prominent and up-to-date 
office buildings in Buffalo is located 
at Pearl and Niagara sts., in the 
heart of the business and financial 
section. Handsome and stately in 
architectural design, the T>. S. Mor- 
gan Building is an ornament to the 
city. It is 12 stories in hight and 
is finisht in marble and hard wood, 
being absolutely fire-proof in con- 
struction. Every room has large 
and well placed windows, with out- 
looks over Shelton sq., Niagara sq. 
or L. Erie from the different sides 
of the building. The lighting and 



heating of the building is done by 
its own special plant and is of the 
best. Owing to its favorable loca- 
tion and plan, every office is within 
a few steps of the elevators. These 
are of the plunger type, which is 
the safest made, and close to them is 
a U. S. mail chute. A fine Turkish 
Bath establishment, under the spe- 
cial supervision of the owners of 
the building, is located in the base- 
ment. From the roof rises an obser- 
vatory Tower to a hight of 235 feet 
from the street, from which can be 
had a fine view of the city and sur- 
rounding country. 

Municipal Building. — The City 
Court Building formerly bore this 
name, but the present Municipal 
Building is a plain 3-story brick 
structure at Franklin and Church 
sts., south of the City Hall. On the 
first floor are the offices of the Bureau 
of Building and the Water Bureau; 
the second floor is occupied by the 
Department of Public Instruction, 
the Health Department and the 
Bureau of Engineering; the Health 
Department has part of the 3d floor, 
and here also are rooms for the 
Inspection of Steam Boilers and the 
School Census Board. In the base- 
ment are additional rooms used by 
the departments already named. 
There is a large brick vault for the 
safe keeping of plans and papers on 
each floor. 

Museums. — Buffalo has a most in- 
structive museum of natural history 
provided by the Buffalo Society of 
Natural Sciences and a valuable his- 
torical museum belonging to the 
Buffalo Historical Society. See the 
articles on these two societies, also 
the one on Niagara Falls, N. Y., for 
the museum in that city. 

Music. — Buffalo is decidedly a 
musical city. There are several 
strong musical societies here, tho 



110 




D. S. MORGAN BUILDING, Pearl and Niagara Streets 
111 



names of which are given below, and 
high-class musicians and organiza- 
tions from other places give man}' 
successful concerts here. The city 
uses public money, with the full ap 
proval of its citizens, to provid(3 
organ recitals and vocal and instru- 
mental concerts in Convention HalJ 
on Sunday afternoons in winter, also 
band concerts in the parks in sum- 
mer. The number of teachers of 
music is large and the demand for 
their instruction is another indica- 
tion of the taste of the people. 

MUSICAL SOCIETIES 

BUFFALO OEPHEUS, Sidway bldg. 

BUFFALO SAENGERBUND, Con- 
cert Hall. 

CLEF CLUB, director's address, 212 
Highland a v. 

GUIDO CHORUS, director's address, 
871 Delaware av, 

HARUGARI FROHSINN, 431 Gen- 

MONIUSZKO SINGING SOCIETY 
AND CLUB, 578 Fillmore av. 

TEUTONIA LIEDERKRANZ, 1,043 
Jefferson st. 

Mutual Life Building.— Among 
Buffalo's large office structures is the 
Mutual Life Building, situated at 
202-218 Pearl st., in the heart of 
the city's business district. The 
principal hotels and banking houses 
are within a small radius of the 
building. Dignified and admirably 
located, it stands as one of the great 
architectural monuments that mark 
the business sections of Buffalo. 

The Mutual Life Building is of 
the modern steel construction, >,vith 
concrete floors, stone and terra cotta 
front. The woodwork of the build- 
ing is of the finest mahogany and 
quarterd oak, and finisht in the 
natural wood. The building is 10 
stories high and has 220 large, well 
lighted and well ventilated offices. It 
is of superior fire-proof construction 



thruout. Many of the offices com- 
mand a beautiful view of the lake, 
harbor and surrounding city. 

The basement and ground floor are 
built for stores, while the upper 
floors are arranged especially for 
large, light^ commodious offices. The 
building was first opend in May, 
1897, and has since been the home 
of many of Buffalo's leading lawyers 
and business firms. 

The present owner of the Mutual 
Life Building is the Carroll & Bald- 
win Realty Company of New York 
city, composed of Joseph T. Carroll, 
an extensive horse dealer, who is 
president, and Leonard and Arthur 
Baldwin, well-known New York cor- 
poration l-iwyers. The manager is 
James A. Magoffin. 



^ 



112 



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MUTUAL LIFE BUILDING. 202-218 Pearl Street 



118 



N 



6 tables and a lecture room seating 
438. In the basement there is a 100 
yard rifle range, 3 pistol ranges and 

National Guard.— The 4th Brigade, a swimming pool, 28 by 60 feet. 
Brig. aen. Lauren W. Pettebone, Army wagons can be driven into 
commanding, of the National Guard the basement and loaded with equip- 
of the State of New York has its age and baggage inside the building, 
headquarters in Buffalo, at 451 Main The armory is lighted with electdc- 
st. There are two regiments main- ity and heated by the vacuum sys- 
taind in this city— the 65th and tem. Protection against fire is af- 
the 74th. The 3rd Eegt., with head- forded by 40 standpipes, each carry- 
quarters at Eochester, and the two ing 100 feet of hose. The colonel of 
Buffalo regiments make up the 4th the 65th Eegiment is Gen. Samuel 
Brigade. M!. Welch, the lieut-colonel is George 

The 65th Eegiment was organized -J- Haffa and the regimental adjutant 
in 1848. It has performd service is Capt. Walter F. Nurzey. 
within the State during several large The 74th Eegiment was organized 
riots and enter d the service of the in 1854, its nucleus being the famous 
United States in both the Civil War Company D of the Buffalo City 
and the Spanish-American War. It Guard, forriid in 1837, Members of 
was constituted a 12-company regi- the 74th have taken part, as a. regi- 
ment in 1907, but has at present 9 ment or otherwise, in two national 
companies, including company E, of wars and have been calld into ser- 
Jamestown. vice to preserve order eight times 

The regiment has a fine armory, by the State or the County. Thru 
occupying a commanding position all its history, the regiment has ever 
at Best and Michigan sts., which been true to its motto. Semper 
was dedicated May 1, 1909. The fidelis — Always faithful, 
site contains over 10 acres and is on From 1859 this regiment occupied 
one of the highest elevations in the with the 65th Eegt. an arsenal on 
city. The size of the building is Batavia st., now Broadway. It firs't 
361 by 500 feet. It is built of white had a separate home in 1868 when 
Medina sandstone and its architec- an armory for it was completed, on 
ture is Norman of the 11th century, Fremont pi. (now Elmwood av.) 
modernized. The drill-hall measures near Virginia st. In January, 1886, 
240 by 336 feet and is flankt by 12 it took possession of its third arm- 
company locker rooms — 6 on the ory, erected on the Virginia st. end 
north and 6 on the south side, of the Elmwood av. plot, and now 
These are 31 by 42 feet, which is known as Convention Hall. Its 
large enough to allow the formation present armory, which it has occu- 
of a company inside the room. On pied since 1900, is a massive struc- 
the second floor, over each locker ture of Medina sandstone, occupying 
room, are the company parlors and the block bounded by Niagara st., 
officers' quarters, and in the base- Prospect av., Vermont and Connecti- 
ment under it is a storeroom, the cut sts., the site of the old Prospect 
three tiers of rooms being connected Hill reservoir. Its architecture is 
by independent stairways. In other that of the castellated fortresses of 
parts of the building are a mess-hall the middle ages, and it cost about 
seating 500, squad drill-room, gym- half a million dollars. The big drill 
nasium, library, a billiard room with shed measures 310 by 240 feet. Its 

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roof; supported -by steel trusses, is 
nearly 100 feet from the ground. 
At the Connecticut st. end is the ad- 
ministration building, about 250 by 
230 feet, and 3 stories high. On the 
first floor are the company rooms, 
each 21 by 45 feet, the armorer's 
room, etc. On the second floor, the 
field and staff of the regiment have 
handsome quarters and there is a 
large billiard room. On the third 
floor are the quarters of the band 
and field music, the surgeons and 
hospital corps, also the gymnasium 
and baths. In 'the basement is a 
100-yard rifle range, a kitchen, mess 
rooms, heating, lighting and ventilat- 
ing plants, bowling alleys and 
shower baths. 

The 74th is a 12-company regi- 
ment and has the full numlaer, in- 
cluding Co. K, of Tonawanda. Its 
colonel is George C. Fox; lieut-col- 
onel, Edmund P. Cottle and regi- 
mental adjutant Capt. Alex. E. 
Robertson. 

Naval Militia. — The 3rd Separate 
Division of the Naval Militia of the 
State of New York is located in 
Buffalo. Its headquarters are in the 
74th Regiment armory and it has 
the U. S. steamer Hawk for practice 
drills and cruising purposes. The 
Division has a strength of 80 enlist- 
ed men. The commander is Lieut. 
Edwin C. Sornberger. 

Newspapers. — The first newspaper 
publisht in this city was the Buffalo 
Gazette, establisht by S. H. and H. 
A. Salisbury in 1811. There are now 
5 daily papers printed in the Eng- 
lish language and several in other 
languages. The list follows: 

BUFFALO COMMERCIAL AB- 
VERTISER, 339 Washington st. 
Est. 1835. James Warren's Sons Co., 
publisher. Republican; evening, 2c. 
Makes a specialty of trade and 
piarjvet reports. 



BUFFALO COURIER, 250 Main 
st. Est. July 21, 1834, as the Western 
Star. William J. Conners, publisher. 
Democratic; morning. Ic, Sunday, 5c. 

BUFFALO EVENING NEWS, 216- 
18 Main st. Est. 1879. Edward H. 
Butler, proprietor. Republican; 

evening, Ic, Sunday, 5c. 

BUFFALO EXPRESS, 177-185 
Washington st. Est. 1846. The J. 
N. Matthews Co., proprietor. Re- 
publican; morning, Ic, Sunday, 5c. 

BUFFALO TIMES, 193-95 Main 
St. Est. 1879. Norman E. Mack, 
picprietor. Democratic; evening, 
Ic. Sunday, 5c. 

THE ENQUIRER. Est. 1891. 
Democr-atic; evening, Ic. 

The Enquirer is issued from the 
same office as the Courier and is 
ownd by the same publisher. 

der' buffalo DEMOKRAT, 

250 Main st. Est. 1837. F. C. B. 
Held, proprietor. Democratic; even- 
ing, 2c., Sunday, 2c., weekly, $1.50 
a vear. 

DER BUFFALO VOLKSFREUND, 
48 Broadway. Est. 1868. Buffalo 
Volksfreund Printing Co., publishers. 
Independent democratic; evening, 
2c., weekly (Wednesday) 5c. 

DIE BUFFALO FREIE PRESSE, 
352 Ellicott St. Est. 1855. Reinecke 
& Zesch, publishers. Republican; 
evening, 2c., weekly, $2.00 a year; 
Sunday, DIE BUFFALO TRIBUE- 
NE, $2 a year. 

GAZETA BUFFALOSKA, 865 Fill- 
more av. Joseph Smolczynski, pub- 
lisher. Weekly (Thursday). 

IL CORRIJERE ITALIANO, 15 
Franklin st. Est. 1898. II Corriere 
Italiano Publishing Co., publisher. 
Weeklv (Saturdav) Ic. 

POLAK AMERYKANSKI. '559 
Fillmore av. Polish Publishing Co., 
publisher. Democratic; evening, Ic. 

POLAK W. AMERYCE, 389 Peck- 
ham st. Rev. John Pitass, publisher. 
Republican; evening, Ic, 

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Niagara, Ont., also calld Niagara- town, on the lake shore, is old Fort 
On-the-Lake, and formerly Newark, Missasauga. also dating fiom the 
is a town at the mouth of the Nia- War of 1812. It has been long dis- 
gara river on L. Ontario. Reached used and now nothing more deadly 
from Buffalo, by Michigan Central than a golf ball ever liies over its 
railroad, fare, 85c., round trip, $1.25. ramparts. In the large military re- 
Trains stop at Queen st., which is serve surrounding the fort are the 
^iie principal street of the place, and buildings calld Butler 's Barracks. At 
also go about half a mile further to the west corner of the town stands 
the steamboat wharf. Reached also St. Andrew's Church, built in 1831. 
in summer from Lewiston and The first building of the society was 
Queenston daily by frequent steam- erected in 1794. Niagara has a fine 
ers; round trip fare, 25c. This is a public library, with over 6,000 vol- 
favorit summer resort for people of umes. The Niagara Historical So- 
means in Buffalo, Toronto and other ciety was formd in 1895 and has pub 
cities, who have cottages here or lisht 18 pamflets, placed 8 ■ markers 
live at the hotels. From the steam- on h'storic spots, collected over 4,000 
boat wharf it is only a few minutes' articles of historic interest and erect- 
walk to the old earthwork, Fort ed a building at a cost of over 
George, taking the first street back $5,000. The articles in its collection 
from the river. This was an im- consist of weapons, uniforms, old 
portan-t British frontier post in the furniture and china, documents, pic- 
War of 1812. It was captured early tures, Indian relics, etc. 
in the war by the Americans, but Visitors desiring the best of hotel 
they soon withdrew to the other side accomodations can obtain them in 
of the river. Near the river's bank summer at the Queen's Royal, which 
is a stone marker, placed by the stands on a bluff at the mouth of the 
Niagara Historical Society, on the river. It has 250 rooms and the 
site of Navy Hall, in which a parlia- rates are $3 a day and upwards, 
ment was held in 1792, the first one The grounds are extensive and facili- 
held in Upper Canada. One of a ties for golf, tennis, bowling on the 
group of four buildings to which this green, dancing, boating, fishing and 
name was given is still standing, but bathing are provided. There is also 
in ruins. The ground inside Fort a well appointed garage. 
George is occAipied as a farm. _ j^. ^ ^^^ ^^^ ,^ 

Returning to the town, the visitor ^^^^ Genesee County, March 11, 

nT^\ rnk7'^'^f \nA 1808, and Buffalo was made its 

Church, (Catholic) a frarne building ^^^^ ^^^^_ ^^ ^^^ ^.^.^^^ .^^.^ ^^^ 

dating from 1834. A little further ^^^^^^ Niagara and Erie counties, 
beyond is the square-towerd stone ^ ^^^f ^^^ Lockport then be- 
st. Mark's Church, built m 1804. J^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ Niagara county. 
In the churchyard may be seen the ° 
remains of rifle-pits, and here also Niagara Falls. — The Falls of the 
are the graves of several British Niagara river are the greatest nat- 
ofiicers who were kild in the War of ural wonder on the American eon- 
1812. On or near Queen st. are the tinent and over a million persons 
building on the site of the first visit them every year. It is not so 
Masonic hall in Canada and the much the hight of the Falls that 
county court house, both markt by amazes the beholder, as the size of 
tablets. At the northern end of the the river that here plunges down the 

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slieer descent and the volume of 
water it pours into the gulf below. 

Full, varied and satisfying views 
of the vast cataract may be had from 
the two public parks, one on the 
American side establisht by the 
State of New York and the other on 
the opposit side establislit by the 
government of Canada, without a 
cent of exxpense and without any 
annoyance from solicitors for other 
attractions. In fact, the only close 
views of the Falls are from these 
parks, and all that visitors have to 
decide is what mode of conveyance 
to use in getting about the parks 
from point to point, and which if 
any additional attractions to enjoy. 
The writer advises all who have a 
full day's time or longer to spend 
here to go around the Gorge and 
view its wonders in addition to see- 
ing the Falls themselves. 

If you come from a distance with 
baggage, you will want to be taken 
to a hotel, and after making yourself 
comfortable, start out and see the 
Falls and the Gorge. A rain coat and 
a cap are good things to have with 
you, for on breezy days mist and 
spray are blown over some of the 
choicest view-points. You can not 
do better, if arriving on the Ameri- 
can side, than buy tickets at $1.50 
each from the agent of the Niagara 
Transfer Co., who will pass thru your 
train. These entitle you to be taken 
in a carriage to your hotel with your 
hand luggage, also to have another 
carriage call, at your convenience, 
and take you thru the State Eeserva- 
tion, stopping at least 10 minutes at 
each view point, and return to tbe 
station of the Niagara Belt Line, 
also to the trip by electric cars 
around the Gorge. If the carriage 
ride is .taken in the morning, it is 
best to fill in the rest of the fore- 
noon with other attractions, then get 
lunch and start around the Gorge 



with a half day before you. Vigor- 
ous walkers, who wish to be entirely 
untrammeld, can go thru the Reser- 
vation on foot. But you will be on 
your feet a good deal anyway, and 
it is better to save your strength in 
the forenoon than get too tired to 
enjoy anything before the day is 
over. 

If staying in Buffalo, you can go 
to the Falls by electric cars, which 
run every 15 minutes. (See Street 
Railways). These cars land you in 
a terminal station which runs thru 
the block. Pass forward and out of 
the front of the building, cross the 
street and you are in the Reserva- 
tion. Niagara Falls can be reached 
from Buffalo also by N. Y. Central 
or Lehigh Valley railroad, which run 
into the same station, 4 blocks from 
the Reservation, round trip fare 50c., 
or by Erie railroad, which has a sta- 
tion 6 blocks from the Reservation. 
You can engage a carriage in the 
street, or go straight across the Res- 
ervation to the carriage office there 
and take a Reservation carriage for 
its regular trip. 

THE NEW YORK STATE RES- 
ERVATION covers 107. acres extend- 
ing along the river bank above and 
below the Falls. It includes the 
former Prospect Park at the brink 
of the Falls, Goat Hand and the 
small ilands surrounding it, and a 
strip running up the river past the 
Upper Rapids. A folder containing 
a map of the Reservation and infor- 
mation about carriage rates and 
points of interest both within and 
without its limits may be had free 
from the superintendent or his offi- 
cers. The carriage office is reached 
by a path crossing the grove from 
the Sold|ers ' Monument. Here is 
the ELEi^XTOR that has taken the 
place of the inclined railway to the 
foot of the Falls. There is a charge 
of 5c. each way for riding down and 



120 




THE AMERICAN FALL 

121 



up in the elevator, but the stairs be- 
side it are free. 

PEOSPECT POINT, close by the 
carriage office, is at the very brink 
of the American Fall, which is the 
part of the Falls between Goat Hand 
and the American shore. The Ameri- 
can Fall is 167 feet high and 1,060 
feet across. A fine view of this 
great sheet of water can be had 
from the Point. 

EESERVATION CAEKIAGES can 
be taken from the carriage office 
near Prospect Point for their regular 
circuit of the ilands, distance about 
two miles, fare 15c., or the circuit 
of the entire Eeservation, distance 
3 miles, fare 25c. Passengers can 
stop over at all points of interest 
and proceed by a later carriage. 

GEEEN ILAND, formerly Bath 
Hand, lies between the main land 
and Goat Hand, with which it is 
connected by bridges. Its present 
name was given to it in honor of 
Andrew H. Green, first president of 
the commission in charge of the Ees- 
ervation. 

GOAT ILAND is near the middle 
of the river and divides the Falls 
into the Horseshoe Fall, between the 
iland and Canada^ and the American 
Fall, between the iland and the 
American shore. From the bridge 
by which the iland is reached, drive- 
ways cross it in several directions, 
and another encircles it. There is a 
shelter house near the bridge, af- 
fording visitors a place to rest, 
drinking water and toilet rooms 
without charge. There are similar 
buildings in other parts of the Ees- 
ervation. 

Proceeding to the right, on the 
driveway around the iland, we come 
to STEDMAN'S BLUFF, at the 
brink of the American Fall, opposit 
Prospect Point on the main land. 
From the bluff a stairway and bridge 



lead to LUNA iLAND, which di- 
vides the American Fall, the narrow 
sheet of water between this iland 
and the Bluff being known as Luna 
Hand Fall. 

The BIDDLE STAIECASE is 
reached from the Bluff by following 
the driveway along the top of the 
cliff between the two great Falls. 
It is. a spiral stairway, built in 1829, 
and descends 80 feet to the slope at 
the foot of the cliff. 

THE CAYE OF THE WINDS is 
behind the Luna Iland Fall, and is 
reached by a path from the foot of 
the Biddle stairs. The charge for 
a guide and rubber suit is $1.00 for 
each person. Visitors pass over the 
bridges in front of the Fall and then 
enter the cavern behind it, which 
is 150 feet wide and 50 feet deep. 
The domed roof is 100 feet above the 
floor and its front is the great 
cataract. In front of the Pall, when 
the sun is shining brightly, two or 
three rainbows can be seen in the 
banks of mist dasht up by the de- 
scending waters, and in one position 
a complete rainbow circle. The entire 
trip can be made in 40 minutes by 
those who can dress and undress 
quickly. The EOCK OF AGES is a 
huge boulder lying at the foot of 
the Luna Iland Fall, 

POETEE'S BLUFF is a part of 
Goat Iland overlooking the Horse- 
shoe Fall. It was so named by the 
Commissioners of the Eeservation, in 
honor of the family, prominent for a 
century in military, mercantile and 
public affairs on the Niagara Fron- 
tier, which ownd Goat Iland for 
three score and ten years and pre- 
served it intact and free from money- 
making defacements. 

TEEEAPIN EOCK is on the very 
brink of the Horseshoe Fall and is 
reached from Porter's Bluff by a 
stairway and bridge. A tower stood 
on this 'rock from 1833 to 1873. 



122 




NIAGARA FALLS IN WINTER 



123 



THE THREE SISTER ILANDS 
are near the upper end of Goat 
Hand, where the breakers above the 
Horseshoe Fall begin. They are con- 
nected with each other and with the 
larger iland by bridges. A smaller 
ilet . near them is named Little 
Brother Iland. 

THE RIVERWAY is a driveway 
extending thru a strip of the Res- 
ervation lying along the bank of the 
river, from the Goat Iland bridge 
up past the rapids something over 
half a mile, to the Old French Land- 
ing. This landing place was at 
first the upper end of the portage 
around the Falls and Rapids, estab- 
lisht by the French in colonial times. 

HENNEPIN'S VIEW is a point 
on the edge of the bluff, in the Res- 
ervation Grove, about midway be- 
tween the American Fall and the 
Upper Bridge. It affords the best 
general view of the Falls to be had 
from any point in the Reservation. 

For the points of interest on_the 
Canadian side of the Falls, see Nia- 
gara Gorge. 

The Falls in winter are a stranger 
if less impressive sight than in sum- 
mer. The Ice Bridge that forms in 
"the latter part of nearly every winter 
is a sheet of ice covering the sur- 
face of the river below the Falls, 
upon which persons may walk or 
drive from shore to shore, or to the 
foot of Goat Iland. The foot of the 
Falls is partly hidden by the jagged 
masses of ice piled upon the ice 
bridge, all the rocks nearby are con- 
verted into ice coverd mounds and 
immense curtains of frost and crystal 
drape the face of the cliffs on either 
side of the somewhat diminisht cat- 
aracts. Ice jams in the Gorge below 
have at times done much damage to 
the wharves and buildings on its 
shores, when they began to move, 
and such jams in the river above 
have once or twice causd the Ameri- 



can Fall to run dry and the Horse 
shoe Fall to be much reduced. 

Niagara Falls, N. Y. — Visitors who 
come to see ''the Falls" do not 
realize that there are two thriving 
cities here, one on the American and 
the other on the Canadian side of 
the river, each having an import- 
ance of its own and having also 
places of interest not connected with 
the great cataract. The city on. the 
American s'de was incorporated in 
1892, and comprises the two former 
villages of Niagara Falls and Sus 
pension Bridge. In 1905 it had a 
population of 26,559, but the visHors 
who throng its streets and railway 
stations, .its hotels and places of in- 
terest, give it the life and bustle of 
a city twice its size. It has a land 
area of 5,900 acres. 

The Niagara river makes a sharp 
bend just at the Falls, and the chief 
business section of the city is in this 
bend. A large triangle in the point 
of the bend is included in the State 
Reservation, and this is separated 
from the business blocks on the east 
by the Riverway, which here runs 
north and south a short distance 
(formerly Canal st.). The next 
street east is Prospect st., which is 
short, and east of that is Main st., 
which runs north and south 4 or 5 
blocks, then follows the turns of the 
river to the northern city line. East 
of Main, the streets are numberd 
from 1st up to 36th. The chief cross 
streets are Niagara st., which runs 
by the north end of the Riverway 
to the first bridge below the Falls, 
and Falls st., which runs from 3d 
st. to the Riverway. Buffalo av. be- 
gins at the south end of Main st. 
and runs paralel with the river until 
it crosses the eastern city line. The 
chief features of the city outside of 
the Falls are as follows: 

BANKS. These are the Bank of 
Niagara, 201 Falls st.; Power City 



124 



Bank, 205 Falls st.; Bank of Sus- 
pension Bridge, Main st. near On- 
tario av.; Niagara County Savings 
Bank, 304 Niagara st.; and tlie Niag- 
ara Falls Trust Co., 45 Falls st. 

BEIDGES. The first bridge cros- 
sing the Niagara river below the 
Falls is the Upper Steel Arch bridge, 
erected in 1895 to replace a suspen- 
sion bridge built in 1869. It has a 
carriage-way and side-walks and elec- 
tric cars run across it. Toll over 
and back 10c. , whether on foot or on 
the cars. It is 1,268 feet long, is 190 
feet above the M^ater and affords a 
fine view of the Falls. 

About a mile below the Upper 
Steel Arch bridge is the Cantilever 
bridge, completed in 1883. This is a 
railroad bridge only and is crost by 
the Michigan Central railroad. 

Close below the Cantilever bridge 
is the Lower Steel Arch bridge, built 
in 1897 to replace the famous' orig- 
inal Niagara Suspension Bridge, con- 
structed by John A. Eoebling, and 
opend for traffic in 1855. The present 
bridge is used by the Grand Trunk 
railroad. 

CAEETAGES. Every driver of a 
public carriage or automobile must 
have a license and must have a card 
inside h^s carriage giving his number 
and the legal rates of fare. For 
carrying one passenger, trunk and 
handbag a distance not exceeding 
one mile within the city limits, the 
rate is 50c. By the hour the rates 
are, one horse carriage, $1.50 the 
first hour, $1 each additional hour; 
two horse carriage, $2 the first hour, 
$1.50 each additional hour; automo- 
bile, $3 each hour. For a trip which 
includes crossing to the Canadian 
side of the river a special agreement 
should be made, which should specify 
return to the starting point or' to the 
visitor 's hotel or railroad station, 
and also who pays the bridge tolls. 



CHIMNEY, OLD STONE. This 
relic of the past stands on the bank 
of the river, opposit the end of Port- 
age Eoad, about a mile above the 
Falls. The old portage around the 
Falls and Eapids latterly ended at 
this point, and Fort Little Niagara 
was built to protect the merchandise 
handled here. The chimney belongd 
to the barracks of the fort. 

CHUECHES. Most of the well es- 
tablisht religious denominations have 
places of worship in this city. There 
are 2 Baptist churches, 5 Catholic, 
including one Italian and one Polish, 
2 Evangelical, 2 Episcopal, 2 Luth- 
eran, 2 Methodist, 3 Presbyterian, 
and one each. Church of Christ (Dis- 
ciples), Church of Christ (Scientist), 
Church of God, Church of the Pil- 
grims, Congregational, Jewish, Salva- 
tion Army, Spiritualist and Univer- 
salist. 

CITY OFFICES. The city clerk, 
city treasurer, chief of police and 
some other officials have offices in the 
City Building. Niagara and 2nd sts. 
Others are in Convention Hall, Wal- 
nut av. near Main st., or in various 
business blocks. 

COLLEGES. See separate articles 
on De Veaux College and Niagara 
University. 

HOSPITALS. Niagara Palls Mem- 
orial, 11th st. near Pine av,; Louise 
Memorial (maternity), 11th st. near 
Pine av.; St. Mary's, in charge of 
Black Franciscan Sisters, Ferry av. 
and 6th st. 

HOTELS. All the hotels and most 
of the boarding houses in this city 
welcome transient as well as perm- 
anent guests. The following is a list 
in which Am. stands for American 
plan and Eu. for European: 
AMEEICAN, 402 Nia^arn st. 
C A T A E A C T-INTEENATIONAL, 

Main and Falls sts. Am. $3.50 up. 



12o 



CLIFTON, Falls and Prospect sts. 

Eu. $1 up. Am. $2 up. 
COLONIAL, 335 Buffalo av. Am. 

$2.50 to $4. Eu. $1 to 3. 
COLONNADE, Niagara st. 
COLUMBIA, Niagara and 1st sts. 

Eu. 50c up. Am, $2 up. 
EDWARDS. 342 Prospect st. Am. 

$L50 to $2. 
EMPIRE, Falls and 2d sts. Am. $2 

up. 
EUROPEAN, 349-53 Riverway. Eu. 

75c up. Am. $2. 
FALLS, 312 Main st. 
FERGUSON'S NIAGARA FALLS, 

338 Main st. Am. $2 up. Eu. $1 

up. 
HARVEY, Falls and 3d sts. Am. $2 

up. 
IMPERIAL, Falls and 2d sts. Eu. 

$1 to $2.50. Am. $2.50 to $4. 
KALTENBACH, Buffalo av. near 

Main st. Am. $3. 

NASSAU, 112 Falls st. Eu. $1 up. 
NEW WALKER, Niagara and iJlain 

sts. 30 rooms. Am. $1.50 up. 
OAK, 22-26 Falls st. Eu. $1 up. 
PALMS, 33 W. Niagara st, 
PROSPECT, Jefferson and 2d sts. 

Am. $3,50 up; Eu. $1 up. 
ROBINSON, 313 Prospect st. 
TEMPERANCE, 2d st. near Central 

Depot. Am. $1.50 up. 
TOWER, Riverway and Falls st. 

Am. $2 to $3. 

ROOMING HOTELS AND HOUSES. 
ALLEN BLOCK, Falls and First sts. 

Eu. 50c. 
CATHCART, MRS. MARY, 362 1st 

St. Eu. 50c up. 
MURPHY, MRS. K., 241 2d st. Eu. 

50c up; has restauiant. 
TRYON, FRED E., 2d st. 
WATSON, MRS. O. M., 316 First st. 

38 rooms; Eu. 50c up. 
WITTIER, A. W., Main and Falls 

sts. Eu. 50c. 



BOARDING HOUSES. 

BENHAM, MRS. W. L., 539 Fourth 

St. Am. $1,50. 
CONWAY, MISS, 349 First st. 
EDWARDS, D. C, 342 Prospect st, 
FELLOWS, THE MISSES, 248 Third 

st. Am. $1.50. 
GEIGY. MRS. L., 5th and Jefferson 

sts. Am, $1,50, 
GRIFFIN, MRS, MARTIN, 510 6th 

St. 

HODGES, CHARLES, 550 Main st. 
McCABE, MISS CATHERINE, 571 

Third st. 
PERRY. MRS. M., 167 Buffalo av. 

Am. $2. 
ROGERS, MRS. J. W., 18 Niagara st. 

HYDRAULIC CANAL. See sep- 
arate article on Niagara Falls Hy- 
draulic Power and Mfg. Co. 

LIBRARY, NIAGARA FALLS 
PUBLIC, 1022 Main st. near Elm- 
wood av., 15,000 volumes, open from 
9 a. m. to 9 p. m. week days, reading 
room open also Sunday from 2 to 
6 p. m,, except in Julv, Aug. and 
Sept. 

MANUFACTURES. Altho it is 
the 13th city in the State in size, 
Niagara Falls ranks 10th in the num- 
ber of its industries and the value 
of its industrial products. With the 
power of the Falls available to drive 
machinery or produce heat, and with 
14 railroads and the great lakes to 
bring in raw materials and' distribute 
finisht products, this city has become 
a favorit location for factories. 
Among the goods produced here are 
aluminum, carborundum, cereal foods, 
paper, machinery, iron, lead, graphite 
and chemicals. The conversion of 
water power into electric power for 
use both within and without the 
city is another leading industry. 

NATIONAL GUARD. The 42d 
Separate company has its armory at 



VM 



Main st. and Spruce av. It is in- EAILROADS. There are two sta- 

clucled in the 3rd Regt. as Co. E. tions for steam railroads in the 

MONUMENT. A stone colum sur- !P^^^^^^^"^ Pf ^ ^^ ^}!' city near the 

mounted by a figure of a common Falls and two in the northern part 

T-i- "^ .®-i • -lorrc v j-v near the railroad bridges, 

soldier was erected m 1876, by the ^ 

then town of Niagara Falls, to com- FALLS ST. STATION, Falls and 
memorate its citizens who fell in the 2d sts., 4 blocks from the State Res- 
Civil War. Their names are cut in ervation. Used by the N. Y. Central, 
the panels and on the base. It stands Michigan Central, Canadian Pacific 
at Falls St. and the Riverway. and Lehigh Valley railroads. 

MUSEUM. The Niagara Falls NIAGARA ST. STATION, Niag- 

Museum occupies a four storv build- 5,^'^ ^^^ ^^^ sts., 6 blocks from the 

ing fronting on the Riverway near ^^^e park. Used by the Erie and 

Falls St. It was founded in 1830 and Wabash roads. 

has been growing ever since until TENTH ST. STATION, 10th st. 

now it comprises a natural history and Grove av. Used by the N. Y. 

collection that would do credit to the Central, Michigan Central, Lehigh 

Academy of Sciences in a large city, Valley, Grand Trunk, and Canadian 

a gallery of Egyptian antiquities of Pacific railroads. 

great variety and value, an art gal- NORTH AV. STATION, North av. 

lery containing views of all parts and lOth st. Used by the Erie and 

of the world, besides thousands of "Wabash railroads, 

miscellaneous curiosities of remark- Besides the ticket offices in the 

able interest. All exhibits are care- stations, there is one for the N. Y. 

fully labeld. Its observatory' affords Central and several other railroads 

a most comprehensive view of Nia at Falls and Main sts. and one for 

gara scenery. Admission 25c. the Lehigh Valley and the Grand 

NEWSPAPERS. There are 2 Trunk railroads ' on the opposit 

daily papers — the Cataract- Journal, corner. 

evening, (Democratic), and the Gaz SHREDDED WHEAT CO. See 

ette, evening (Republican), also a separate article, 

weekly paper— The Journal. SOCIETIES. The following is a 

POST OFFICE, Main and Walnut list of societies with their place of 

sts. General delivery and stamp meeting: 

windows open week days from 7 BUILDERS' ASSOCIATION, 829 

a. ni. to 9 p. m., Sunday from 11 a. Main st. 

m. to 1 p. m. and 6 to 7 p. m.; holi- CHARITY ORGANIZATION SO 

days 10.30 a. m. to 1 p. m. and 7 to (lETY. 2118 Main st. 

8 P- m. ELKS, club house at Main and 

Station A, Niagara av. near Main Cherrv sts. 

St.. open from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. and EMPLOYERS' ASSOCIATION, 

8..15 to 10.15 p. m. 1.2 Gluck Bldg. 

Falls Station, Jirst st.; open from EXEMPT FIREMEN'S ASSOCIA- 

7 a. m. to 9 p. m. TION, home 715 Third st. 

POWER PLANTS. See senpratb GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUB- 

articles on the Niagara Falls Hydrau- LIC, Post 133, and WOMEN 'S RE- 

lic Power and Mfg. Co. and the Nia- LIEF CORPS, Armory, Main st, 

gara Falls Power Co. and Spruce av. 

J37 



50- 



NIAGARA, FRONTIER HISTORI- 
CAL SOCIETY, Public Library, 

ODD FELLOWS, Hall at Niagara 
and Fourth sts. 

SPANISH WAR VETERANS, Arm- 
ory. 

WOMEN'S EXCHANGE, 289 Sec- 
ond st. 

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN AS 
SOCIATION, 321 First st. 

STREET RAILWAYS. The ter- 
minal Station of the International 
Railway (electric) fronts on the 
Riverway opposH the State park and 
runs thru the block to Prospect st. 
From this station, or the corners of 
the block in which it stands, all 
street cars running within the city 
or to outside points may be taken. 
The following is a list of the routes: 

BRIDGE. Across the Upper Steel 
Arch bridge and return. Every 10 
min.; round trip fare 10c. 

BUFFALO. Riverway, Falls st., 
Erie av., Buffalo av. to city line, 
thence thru La Salle, and the Tona- 
wandas to Buffalo. Cars leave 
Terminal Station every 15 min. from 
7 a. m. to 9 p. m. then every hour to 
7 a. m. Fare 35c., round trip 50c. 

BUFFALO AVENUE (Power 
House), Falls st., Erie av., Buffalo 
av. to city line. Cars leave Monu- 
ment every 15 min., from 6:15 a. 
m. to 11:15 p. m., then every 30 min 
to 12:15 a. m. 

LOCKPORT. Buffalo line to 
Payne's av., Tonawanda, connecting 
with Lockport line from Buffalo. 

MAIN STREET. Falls st.. Second 
St., Main st.. North av. (to north 
end); return by same route. Cars 
leave Monument every 6 min. from 
5:45 a. m. to 11:30 p. m., then every 
7 1-2 min, to 12 p. m., then '^very 
15 min. to 1:15 a. m. 

NIAGARA FALLS PARK AND 
RIVER, embracing the Canadian 



scenic trip. Frequent service from 
Terminal Station. Horseshoe Falls 
and Bridge Street cars every 30 min. 
NIAGARA BELT LINE, embrac- 
ing the Canadian scenic and the 
Gorge trips. Frequent service from 
Terminal Station. Round trip fare 
$1. 

NIAGARA STREET. On Niagara 
st. from Second to Nineteenth st. 
Cars leave Niagara and Second sts. 
every 15 min. from 6:22 a. m. to 
11:52 p. m. 

NINETEENTH STREET. On- 
tario av. from Main st. to Eigh- 
teenth St., to Whitney av., to Nine- 
teenth St., to Niagara st.; return by 
same route. Cars leave Main st. and 
Ontario av. every 30 min, from 6 a. 
m. to 11:30 p. m. 

ONTARIO AVENUE. Ontario av. 
from Main st. to Sugar st., to Buf- 
falo av. at E'chota; return by same 
route. Cars leave Main st. and On- 
tario av. every 30 min. from 6.15 a. 
m. to 11,15 p, m. 

PINE AVENUE. From Terminal 
Station on Riverway to Falls st., to 
Second st., to Main st., to Pine av., 
to Sugar St.; return by same route 
to Falls St., to Prospect st., to Niag- 
ara St., to Riverway. Cars leave 
Terminal Station every 20 min. from 
6 a. m. to 11:20 p. m.; last car at 
12 p. m. 

RIVERVIEW. From Ontario av. 
on Main st. to Whirlpool st., to 
Chasm av.. to Main st., to Devil's 
Hole and City Line; return by same 
route. Cars leave Ontario av. every 
30 min. from 6:15 a. m. to 11:15 p. 
m. 

ST. CATHERINE'S (Ont.). From 
Terminal Station on Riverway to 
Falls st., to Prospect st., to Niagara 
St., to Upper Steel Arch bridge, thru 
Niagara Falls, Ont., Stamford, Thor- 
old and Merriton to St. Catherine's. 
Cars leave every hour from 7:10 a, 



128 



m. to 12:10 a. m. Bound trip to Victoria Park railroad station, and 

St. Catherine's, 70c. In winter by Lorclto Academy, at Falld View. 

every hour from 6:40 a. m. to 10:40 Among its prominent indusuies lue 

p. m.; last car 12:20 a. m. the Canadian Shredded Wheat Co., 

SCENIC GOEGE TRIP. From Canadian Niagara Falls Fower Co., 

Terminal Station on Riverway to International Acheson Graphite Co., 

Falls St., to Second st., thru the Oneida Community, Ltd., and the 

Gorge to Lewiston; return by same Ontario Power Co. 

route to Falls st., to Prospect st., to The principal hotels for tourists 

Niagara st., to Eiverway. Frequent and permanent guests are the follow- 

service. Eound trip fare to Lewis- ^^S* 

ton 75c. CLIFTON, River st. near Uiper 

THEATERS. International, Falls Steel Arch bridge; Am. $4 ap. Geo. 

st. near Riverway. Lyceum, Main R. Major, manager. 

near Falls st. HOSPICE OF MT. CARMEL, near 

WATER SUPPLY. The city water Falls View station; 50 rooms; Am. 

is drawn from the Niagara river $2.50 up; Eu. $1.50 up. J. H. Gil- 
above the thickly settled part of the mour, proprietor. 

city. LAFAYETTE, River st. at Upper 

For more detaild information about Steel Arch bridge; Am. $2.50 up; 

the city government, churches, post Eu. $1 up. Harry Williams, proprie- 

office and custom house, including tor. 

complete street directory, get the SAVOY, Bridge st. and Erie av.; 
Niagara Falls City Guide at news- 75 rooms; Am. $2 up. O. F. Cronk- 
stands, price 10c. hite, proprietor. 

XT 11 r. ^ rri,- v^^i WINDSOR, Bridge st. Am. $2. 

Niagara Falls, Ont.-This little ^^^^ j^^^^ Keating, proprietor, 
city, on the Canadian side of the 

Niagara river at the Falls, was in- Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power 
corporated in 1904, being formd by and Manufacturing Co.— The first 
the union of the villages of Clifton serious effort to utilize the power of 
and Drummondville. Clifton was Niagara was the construction of the 
opposit the American village of Hydraulic Canal thru the city of 
Suspension Bridge. Here are the Niagara Falls, N. Y. The plan orig- 
city hall and most of the other inated with members of the Porter 
public buildings. Drummondville family about 1840. Various com- 
was opposit the Falls and is now panics undertook to dig the canal, 
calld for convenience, Niagara Falls, but it was not completed till 1861. 
South. Its business and residence The Civil War paralyzed the project 
sections are on the higher ground, and for several years the water from 
back from the river. Reached from the canal fell into the Gorge unused. 
Buffalo by Michigan Central rail- It was known as the Bridal Veil, 
road; from Niagara Falls, N. Y., by The above named company was 
Grand Trunk or Wabash railroad, formd in 1877 by Jacob F. Schoell- 
fare 15c., also by St. Catherine's kopf and Abram M. Chesbrough to 
electric cars. This city has 3 banks, operate the canal. Arthur Schoell- 
14 churches and a daily and 2 week- kopf was made manager and ably 
ly newspapers. Higher education is utilized its possibilities, 
provided by the Niagara Falls Coi- The canal starts from the river a 
legiatc Institi/.e, at the C.ntei, near short distance above the end of the 

129 



Eiverway, runs northwest and dis- 
charges its waters into the river by 
many jets and streams from the face 
of the cliff just below the Upper 
Steel Arch bridge. Several streets 
and the N. Y. Central railroad cross 
it by bridges, and the Erie railroad 
runs beside it when approaching its 
Niagara st. station. The canal 
passes under the intersection of 
Niagara and Third sts. and on the 
wide bridge at this point four tab- 
lets have been placed on the stone 
pedestals of street lights, so that one 
can be read from the roadway or side- 
walk on either side, each bearing this 
inscription: 

'^THE SCHOELLKOPF BEIDGE, 
named by resolution of the Common 
Council in grateful memory of Jacob 
F. Schoellkopf, whose foresight and 
courage laid the foundations of the 
power development of Niagara 
Falls." 

The canal was at first only 36 feet 
wide, but has been increast to nearly 
100 feet, and is supplying to various 
industries about 20,000 electrical 
horsepower, 400 mechanical and 7,000 
hydraulic horsepower. The office of 
the company is on Main st. north of 
Niagara, and here the visitor can ob- 
tain a pass permitting him to go 
down in an elevator 214 feet to the 
electric power house at the water's 
edge. 

Niagara Falls Power Oo. — After 
viewing the wonders of nature, it 
is instructive to pass to a wonder 
of modern engineering. On the bank 
of the Niagara river, about a mile 
above the Falls, on the American 
side, stands the plant of the above 
named company. It is reached by 
Power House or Buffalo street cars. 
The buildings consist of two power 
houses, one 450 feet the other 485 
feet long, and a smaller transformer 
house, all of granit. So many per- 



sons visit the plant, that the com- 
pany has provided guides for their 
convenience, and issues admission 
tickets for which 25c is charged. A 
booklet of information is given to 
each visitor. The money receivd 
for tickets, after defraying the act- 
ual expenses of this service, is used 
for the benefit of the employees — 
for beds in hospitals and in other 
ways. The hours for visitors are 
from 9 a. m. to 5.30 p. m. week 
days, and from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. 
Sundays. 

Entering the office in Power House 
No. 2, visitors go up a broad stair- 
case and get their tickets, then pass 
into a balcony overlooking the main 
floor, where the guide explains the 
machinery. On the floor below are 
seen 11 huge dynamos or generators, 
standing in one long row, each with 
a capacity of 5,500 horsepower and 
making 250 revolutions a minute. An 
elevator takes the party down into 
the wheel-pit under the building, 
which is 177 feet deep, 461 feet long 
and I7I/2 feet wide, cut in the solid 
rock. Here are installd 11 turbins 
revolving horizontally, driven by 
water from the river, which reachQ^ 
the power house thru a short canal, 
and then fills 11 penstocks or verti- 
cal pipes 7% feet in diameter, which 
deliver it to the turbins. To each 
turbin is attacht a hollow vertical 
shaft, 32 inches in diameter, which 
revolves with it and extends to the 
main floor above, where it drives one 
of the electric generators. The 
weight of the colum of water in 
each penstock is estimated at 400,000 
pounds. After doing its work in the 
turbins, the water flows thru an un- 
derground tunnel leading under the 
city, and discharging into the river 
below the Falls. 

Prom the wheel pit of Power 
House No. 2, visitors walk thru a 
passage under the canal to the wheel- 



130 



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181 



pit of Power House No. 1, and an 
elevator takes them up to the main 
floor. Here are installd 10 genera- 
tors of 5,000 horsepower each, driven 
in the same manner as those in the 
other building, so that the total 
capacity of the plant is 110,500 
horsepower. About half an hour is 
required to go thru the plant. Near 
by is the transformer house, where 
electric current to be transmitted to 
a distance is stept up to 11,000 volts 
or 22,000 volts according to the dis- 
tance. 

The company owns a large tract of 
land, stretching along the river for 
two miles eastward from its plant. 
Sites are leased in this tract to man- 
ufacturing concerns who wish to use 
the company's power, and already 
30 large industries are located here. 
Among its customers is the Interna- 
tional Eailway, all of whose street 
cars in Buffalo and Niagara Falls 
and those running to Lockport and 
Olcott Beach, are operated by this 
power. Olcott Beach is about 37 
miles distant. The electric current 
transmitted to neighboring cities to 
be distributed thru local stations to 
various industries is conveyd by 
cables of copper wire, carrid high in 
air and supported by paralel lines 
of wooden or steel poles, which may 
be seen at many points. (See also 
Canadian Niagara Power Co.) 

Niagara Frontier Landmarks As- 
sociation. — This association was 
formd Nov. 14, 1900, for the purpose 
of placing along the Niagara Fron- 
tier suitable monuments to com- 
memorate historic events. It is 
composed of delegates from these 
12 societies: Sons of the American 
Eevolution, Sons of the Eevolution, 
Daughters of the American Eevolu- 
tion, Children of the American Eev- 
olution, Society of Colonial Wars, 
Buffalo Historical Society, Society 



of the War of 1812, Niagara Fron- 
tier Historical Society (of Niagara 
Falls), Society of the Mayflower 
Descendants, Daughters of 1812, 
Men's Club of Lewiston and Order 
of the Cincinnati. The officers from 
the beginning have been Trueman 
G. Avery, president; Mrs. John Mil- 
ler Horton, vice-president; George 
D. Emerson, secretary; and Philip 
S. Smith, treasurer. 

The first spot markt by the Asso- 
ciation was the Griffon Shipyard, 
where on May 24, 1902, it unveild 
with appropriate exercises a boulder 
and tablet presented by the Niagara 
Frontier Historical Society (See La 
Salle) . Since then it has unveild in 
similar manner tablets marking the 
site of the St. John House, at 460 
Main st., the location of the battle 
of Black Rock, the scene of the 
Devil's Hole Massacre in the Niag 
ara Gorge, the site of Buffalo's First 
School House, at Pearl and W. Swan 
sts. (See Schools, Public), the loca- 
tion of Col. Winfield Scott's battery 
in the battle of Queenston Hights 
(See Lewiston), the site of Fort 
Tompkins, at Niagara and School 
sts,, Buffalo, the site of the first 
Court Houses of Niagara and Erie 
counties, where the Buffalo Public 
Library now stands, a memorial 
stone to Capt. Hull and 9 American 
soldiers at Lundy's Lane, the church 
edifice on the site of the present 
St. Paul's Church and the site for- 
merly occupied by the First Presby- 
terian Church (See Presbyterian 
Churches). 

The Association publisht in 1906 
an interesting record of its work 
during the first five years of its ex- 
istence, prepared by its secretary, 
George D. Emerson. This record 
consists of accounts of the exercises 
at the various unveilings, the ad- 
dresses given on those occasions, 
pictures of the tablets, portraits of 



132 



officers of the Association and other 
material. The volume contains also 
a report of the committee on sites 
describing a large number of places 
along the Niagara Frontier that are 
worthy of being markt by enduring 
memorials. 

Niagara Gorge. — This name de- 
notes the canyon thru which the Ni- 
agara river rushes from the Falls 
to the towns of Lewiston and 
Queenston, 7 miles below. Its sides 
are cliffs of solid rock 200 feet high, 
and the river flows in continuous 
rapids, dashing high over projecting 
rocks, nearly all the way. No one 
who has traveld any distance to see 
the Falls should omit a ride the 
whole length of the Gorge. Three 
railway lines offer such a ride. The 
N. Y. Central has a line to Lewiston, 
running part of the way close 
enough to the edge of the Gorge so 
that the rapids below can be seen. 
The Niagara Gorge railroad (elec- 
tric) runs from Niagara Falls, N. 
Y.. thru the Gorge along the foot of 
the cliff, only a few feet above the 
water, to Lewiston. Fare 50c., with 
return the saflie way 75c. The Ni- 
agara Belt Line (electric) takes the 
passenger across the Upper Steel 
Arch bridge, up on the Canadian 
side to the Horseshoe Fall, then 
down the river along the top of the 
cliff to Queenston, across the bridge 
to Lewiston, and back on the Amer- 
ican side over the tracks of the 
Gorge railroad along the foot of the 
cliff. Eound trip fare $1. A de- 
scription of the Belt Line trip will 
include the points of interest seen 
on the other two. This trip can 
be made in two hours, or a whole 
day can be devoted to it. Cars start 
every 15 minutes from Falls st., 
near the Soldiers' Monument, and 
pass slowly across the bridge, af- 
fording an excellent view of the 
face of both falls and of the Maid 



of the Mist cruising in the gulf at 
their foot. A short distance above 
the bridge on the Canadian side is 
the first stopping place. Passengers 
are allowd to stop over at all sta- 
tions to view the attractions near by 
and proceed by a later car. At this 
station is the CLIFTON INCLINE, 
which carries passengers down a 
slope to the foot of the cliff. Fare 
down and back 10c. There is also 
a roadway which is free. 

The MAID OF THE MIST land- 
ing is at the foot of the Incline. 
This staunch little steamer cruises 
up one side of the river and down the 
other, passing slowly thru the boil- 
ing caldron at the foot of the Falls, 
where she is enveloped in the copious 
mist from the plunging waters. Fare, 
including use of waterproof coat, 
50c. The steamer can be taken also 
at a landing in the Eeservation on 
the American side. The first steamer 
of this name did not pay expenses. 
The owners had a chance to sell her 
if she could reach Lake Ontario, and 
the captain with an engineer and 
fireman took her thru the lower 
rapids. Only for a few moments in 
the Whirlpool during this perilous 
passage did the captain have any 
control over the wheel. In the 
rapids both above and below, the 
current was her only pilot, and good 
fortune alone saved her from being 
swampt or dasht against the rocks. 

After leaving the Clifton Incline 
station, the car enters QUEEN VIC- 
TOEIA NIAGARA FALLS PAEK, 
establisht by the Canadian govern- 
ment for the pleasure of visitors, like 
the Eeservation on the New York 
side. It contains 164 acres and 
stretches along the bank of the river, 
both above and below the Falls. It 
is handsomely laid out and is beauti- 
fied with ornamental shrubs and 
large beds of flowers. In the Ad- 
ministration Building, a picturesque 



133 



structure of rubble masonry, is a 
restaurant where good food is sux?- 
plied at moderate prices. 

Three companies are converting 
some of the mighty force of Niagara 
into electric power on the Canadian 
side. The Ontario Power Co. has a 
group of buildings in the Park, just 
above the Administration Building. 
The plant of the Canadian Niagara 
Falls Power Co. is a little above the 
Horseshoe Fall, and above that is 
the power house of the Electrical 
Development Co. of Ontario. 

HOESESHOE FALL.— The fall on 
the Canadian side was so named be- 
cause of its contour, which was for- 
merly quite a regular curve. But 
owing to the fact that a heavier 
volume of water pours over the mid- 
dle of the fall than at the sides, the 
rock has been broken away there 
so that the curve has become an ir- 
regular acute angle. The width of 
the Fall is calculated as 3,010 feet, 
following its curve, and its hight is 
158 feet. Where there are two chan- 
nels in the Niagara river, the inter- 
national boundary line runs thru 
the middle of the deeper channel. 
This brings it thru the middle of the 
Horseshoe Fall, half of which is thus 
within the United States. About 
seven-eighths of the water going over 
the Falls pours over the Horseshoe 
Fall. From measurements taken 
since 1842, supplemented by esti- 
mates, it is believd that the Falls 
have receded during many centuries 
on an average of one foot a year. 
At this rate, the Fall 3,000 years 
ago, for there was only one then, 
was at the Upper Bridge, and it has 
taken 12,000 years to cut its way 
back the whole length of the Gorge. 

TABLE EOCK SCENIC TUNNEL. 
—There was formerly a shelf of rock 
projecting some 50 feet over the 



Table Eock. It fell in 1853, and 
parts of it may still be seen at the 
water's edge below. At this place 
there is now an elevator descending 
to a tunnel cut in the solid rock, 
in which visitors can go 100 feet 
behind the Fall and view the im- 
mense cataract in front of them. The 
charge for elevator fare, guide, and 
use of waterproof coat is 50c. The 
service is supervised by the superin- 
tendent of the Park. 

Just above the Horseshoe Fall, 
nearly a mile from the Upper bridge, 
is a power house of the International 
Eailway. Here the Belt Line ear 
goes around a loop and returns past 
the bridge, then goes on down the 
Gorge. The car tracks continue 
southward to Chippawa, and close 
beside them, a little beyond the loop, 
is an office of the Canadian Niagara 
Falls Power Co., in a small wooden 
building, where tickets to visit the 
power plant are issued. On the bluff 
overlooking the river at this point 
can be seen a grey stone building. 
This is Loretto Convent or Academy 
conducted by the Ladies of Loretto. 
South of the convent stands the Hos- 
pice of Mt. Carmel, a hotel concjucted 
under the direction of the Carmelite 
Fathers, and a small building near 
by is the Monastery of Mt. Carmel. 
These institutions are close to Falls 
View station, on the Michigan Cen- 
tral railroad, and are reached also 
by street cars from Niagara Falls, 
Ont. 

On the river's edge, beyond the 
plant of the Niagara Company, is 
that of the Electrical Development 
Co. of Ontario, 

After the car goes around the loop, 
the seats on the right side afford 
the best view of the river during the 
rest of the trip. At the water 's edge 
on the American side, just below the 
bridge, a large stream of water will 



Gorge, at the edge of the Horseshoe be noticed entering the river from a 
Fall, on the Canadian side, ealld tunnel. This is the outlet for the 



134 




THE HORSESHOE FALL 
135 



water that has done its work in the while far below the waters of the 
plant of the Niagara Falls Power Co. river leap and foam thru the Lower 
Nearby a large number of jets and Rapids. Four miles below the Whirl- 
streams are seen issuing from out- pool is Queenston Eights and the 
lets in the cliff, at various hights end of the Gorge. Here the car 
from the water's edge up to 50 feet stops to enable passengers to visit 
below the top. These come from the Brock 's Monument. From the hights 
power plants of the Niagara Falls the Belt Line passes to a lower 
Hydraulic Power Co. or from the level by a gradually descending loop, 
works of tenants on its lands, to and then crosses the river by a sus- 
whom it supplies power. pension bridge — the only suspension 

The ear now increases its speed bridge now spanning the Niagara 
and soon passes under the two rail- river. 

road bridges opposit the former vil- On the other side is Lewiston, and 
lage of Suspension Bridge. The here the car traces another loop, re- 
river, which has been running deep turning under the end of the bridge, 
and still from the foot of the Falls, From this point the journey bacK to 
here begins to leap and dash in the Niagara Falls is made over the Great 
Whirlpool Rapids. About a mile Gorge railroad, affording a close view 
below these bridges the Belt Line of the Rapids thruout their whole 
makes a half circle around the length. A short distance above Lew- 
Whirlpool, iston the car stops at the tablet com- 
The WHIRLPOOL is an immense memorating the Devil's Hole Massa- 
ealdron in the Niagara Gorge at a ere. Soon the vast Whirlpool is seen 
place where the river has changed across the river and after enjoying 
its course. The water pours into the constantly changing ever ex- 
this caldron, circles around it and hilarating view on this part of the 
flows out, mainly by an under cur- trip, the passenger does not wonder 
rent, almost at a right angle with that hundreds of thousands of dol- 
the channel by which it enterd. lars have been spent to build this 
There is a station at the Whirlpool, road and to repair the damages done 
and here an elevator takes visitors each winter by frost and ice. Be- 
6oyvn to the foot of the cliff. Charge tween the railroad bridges and the 
50c. The immense power of the Hydraulic Power Plant, the ear 
swirling current is seen when a drift- climbs out of the Gorge and then 
ing log enters the Whirlpool. It passes thru city streets to its starting 
circles part way around the great point, 
gulf, then is raisd on end in the air 

and drawn beneath the surface as if Niagara River.— Altho one of the 
it were a bamboo cane. most famous streams on the globe, 

Half way around the Whirlpool, this river is only 36 miles long. It 
the car stops on a trestle crossing a forms the outlet of L. Erie and 
gap in the wall of the Gorge. In flows north to L. Ontario. The 
prehistoric times, the river flowd boundary between the United States 
thru this ravine, insted of thru its and Canada runs thruout its length, 
present channel below the Whirl- following its deepest channel. Its 
pool, and reached L. Ontario on its width is a little less than half a 
old shore line at St. David's, Smiles mile at Buffalo, one mile just above 
west of Queenston. the Falls, while at Foster 's Flats, be- 

Beyond the Whirlpool, the car con- low the Whirlpool, it narrows to one- 
tinues along the top of the cliff, sixteenth of a mile. Its descent from 

136 



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L. Erie to the upper rapids, is 15 
feet in 21 14 miles, in these rapids 55 
feet in one-half mile, in the Falls 161 
feet, in the lower rapids 98 feet in 
7 miles, and from Lewiston to L. 
Ontario 7 feet in 7 miles. Above the 
Palls its average depth is 20 feet; 
from the foot of the Falls to near 
the cantilever bridge it is about 200 
feet deep; in the Whirlpool Eapids 
it is only 40 feet, while the Whirl- 
pool itself is estimated at 400 feet, 
and the lower river from Lewiston 
to its mouth flows placidly with a 
depth of over 100 feet. 

Niagara University occupies a 
tract of over 300 acres in the town- 
ship of Lewiston, overlooking the 
Niagara Gorge. The site is 250 feet 
above the river and for sublimity of 
scenery is unrivald. Beached from 
Niagara Falls by street cars half- 
hourly. Its post oflflce is Niagara 
University, N. Y. 

The institution was founded in 
1856, and is under the care of the 
Priests of the Congregation of the 
Mission, or Vincentians. It em- 
braces an Academic or preparatory 
department, a Collegiate department, 
empowerd iDy the University of the 
State of New York to confer degrees, 
and an Ecclesiastical department, for 
the training of candidates for the 
sacred ministry. The latter depart- 
ment — the Seminary of Our Lady of 
Angels — was the first establisht. 
Besides the four years course in arts, 
the college department gives a com- 
mercial and a scientific course, each 
of two years. The buildings are rlig- 
nified and beautiful, and contain a 
dormitory, dining halls, well equiiot 
scientific laboratories, and rooms for 
physical training, social meetings and 
recreation. The University library 
contains over 50,000 volumes. The 
total number of students is about 
325. The president is the Yery Kev. 
E. J. Walsh, C. M. 



Nichols School. — The plans pro- 
vide for such a school as is equald 
by few in the country, and are the 
result of a desire on the part of 
many in Buffalo to have a school 
where boys may be taught how to 
study; where the necessary assistance 
is given not by the parent, but by 
the teacher; where character and 
health as well as studies are consid- 
erd; where, in short, a boy's time 
and thoughts are fild with work and 
sport thruout the day, as in the best 
boarding schools, after which the boy 
returns home for the home associa- 
tions which are an important part in 
his right development. To accom- 
plish all this, the classes will be 
small, and the individual, riot the 
class, will be the unit to be con- 
siderd. 

The buildings include a recitation 
building, containing laboratory, car- 
penter shop and lunch room, con- 
structed on the most approved lines, 
where heating, lighting and ventila- 
tion have been given careful 
thought, and a gymnasium with a 
plunge, squash courts, running track 
and all the usual apparatus, tinder 
the constant supervision of the Gym- 
nasium Instructor who examins every 
boy and directs his exercise. 

Outside there are a quarter- 
mile running track, base ball and 
foot ball fields and several tennis 
courts, beside room for other outdoor 
games. 

It is pland to fill a boy's day from 
9 a. m., when school begins, to 6 p. 
m., when all go home for dinner. 
The morning is occupied with 
recitation periods, then a hearty 
lunch served, after which there are 
study periods when the instructors 
help the boys with their most 
difficult studies, and above all teach 
them how to study, which is the im- 
portant thing. Later come sports 
on the athletic field or in tJie gym- 
nasium, in which each boy takes 



138 



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part according to tis ability. The 
head master is Joseph Dana Allen, 
A. M. 

Normal School. — The State Normal 
School in Bu£falo occupies the block 
bounded by Jersey, 14th and York 
sts. and Normal av. and is reached 



garten course, and courses in indus- 
trial and domestic arts and sciences, 
each covering two years. Instruc- 
tion in library work is also given. 
The total number of students is usu- 
ally about 270. 

The school library contains over 




STATE NORMAL SCHOOL IN BUFFALO 

by the Hoyt, Grant and Connecticut 6,000 volumes, covering the wide 

car lines. The main school building range of thought with which the suc- 

is a 3-story structure fronting on Jer- cessf ul teacher must be in touch, 

sey st. and in the rear of this is and all the leading educational per- 

the science building. Tuition and iodicals and monthly magazines are 

the use of text-books are free to receivd. The school has a large au- 

properly qualified residents of the ditorium, fitted with a stereopticon, 

State of New York. The school gives in which lectures and entertainments 

a regular normal course, a kinder- are given for the students and their 



140 



friends. In this hall also, general 
assemblies and social functions are 
held. 

One of the city public schools, 
with grammar and primary grades 
and a kindergarten, and having 
nearly 400 pupils, is located in the 
normal school building and serves 
as a school of practice. All students 
in the normal course are required 
to teach 600 hours in this practice 
school under the supervision of a 
critic teacher. An ample school -gar- 
den is maintaind in connection with 
nature study work. 

The normal school is conducted 
by the educational department of 
the State, under the supervision 
of a local board of 7 members, of 
which Edward H. Butler is presi- 
dent. The principal of the school is 
Daniel Upton. 

North Tonawanda. — This is a city 
of about 12,000 population ^ on the 
Niagara river, 12 miles north of Buf- 
falo. Eeached by N. Y, Central, Erie 
or Lehigh railroad, fare 15c, round 
trip 25c.; also by Tonawanda, Niag- 
ara Falls, or Lockport electric cars, 
fare 17c., round trip 30c. It lies in 
Niagara county and is separated 
from Tonawanda, in Erie county, by 
the Erie canal. It has a national 
bank and two private banking 
houses, 17 churches, a daily news- 
paper, the Evening News, and a pub- 
lic library. 

For information concerning its 
business activities, see Tonawanda. 



O 




Office Buildings. — The following is 
a list of the principal office buildings 
in Buffalo. While there are no *' sky- 
scrapers" among them, there are 
quite a number that in size, sub- 
stantial construction and convenient 
appointments would do credit to any 
city. 

AUSTIN, 110 Franklin st. 
BEECHER, S. Division and Ellicott 

sts. 
BIEGE, 225 Main st. 
BUILDERS' EXCHANGE, 245 Pearl 

St. 

BRISBANE, 397-409 Main st. 
CALUMET, 52-58 W. Chippewa st. 
CAXTON, 45 N. Division st. 
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, Main 

and W. Seneca sts.* 
CHAPIN BLOCK, 11-23 W. Swan st. 
CHIPPEWA BLOCK, Main and 

Chippewa sts. 
COAL AND IRON EXCHANGE, 257 

Washington st. 
CUNNEEN, 85 W. Eagle st. 
DUN, 112 Pearl st. 
ELLICOTT SQUARE, 281-309 Main 

St. 

ERIE COUNTY BANK, 344 Main st. 
EXCHANGE, 202 Main st. 
FIDELITY, Main and W. Swan sts. 
GERMAN INSURANCE, Main st. 

and Broadway. 
HUTCHINSON, 73 W. Eagle st. 
KINGSLEY, 119-21 Franklin st. 
KREMLIN BLOCK, 18 W. Eagle st. 
LAIRD, 15 Niagara st. 
LAW EXCHANGE, 52 Niagara st. 
LEWIS BLOCK, 19 E. Swan st. 
LIVE-STOCK EXCHANGE, William 

and Depot sts. 
MARINE BANK, 220-26 Main st. 
MASONIC TEMPLE, 43 Niagara st. 
MORGAN, D. S., Pearl and Niagara 

sts.* 



^See separate article. 



141 



MUTUAL LIFE, 210 Pearl st.* 
NELLANY, 487 Main st. 
PALACE ARCADE, 615 Main st. 
PEUDENTIAL, 138-146 Pearl st. 
STAFEORD, 156 Pearl st. 
VALENTINE BLOCK, 99 Niagara 

St. 

WHITE FIREPROOF, 284 Main st."^ 
WILLIAMS BLOCK, 377 Main st. 

Ohio Basin, see Canals. 

Olcott Beach is a favorit summer 
resort on Lake Ontario north of Buf- 
falo. It is ownd and managed by 
the International Railway Co. and is 
reached by the cars of that company 
via Lockport every hour, and part 
of the day in summer every half 
hour. Fare, round trip $1; in sum- 
mer, 75 cents. Running time, 1 
hour 35 minutes. After descending 
the escarpment in the City of. Locks 
to the lower lands bordering the 
lake, the cars speed thru some of 
the famous peach and apple orchards 
of Niagara county, in the villages of 
Wrights, Corwin, Newfane and Burt. 
Upon arrival at Olcott, the visitor 
passes thru the large station into 
Olcott Beach Park, which is in a pine 
grove on a bluff overlooking the lake. 
The shade of the majestic pine trees, 
together with the refreshing breezes 
from the lake, keep the place delight- 
fully cool and enjoyable at all times. 
Merely to sit in the large swings 
moving gently under the shade of 
the pines is a rest and a pleasure. 
Near the station is an electric riding 
gallery with its organ, and here also 
is the starting point of a miniature 
steam railway that makes a circuit 
thru the grounds. At the farther end 
of the grove stands the Olcott Beach 
Hotel, one of the largest and most 
completely equipt houses to be found 
at any summer resort. It has over 
100 rooms and suites, and is conduct- 
ed on the European plan. Rates $1 

*See separate article. 



a day and upwards. The dining room 
is on the main floor, overlooking the 
lake, and the table service is of the 
best. Numerous well appointed par- 
lors and sitting and smoking rooms 
add greatly to the comfort of guests. 
A large band furnishes pleasing mu- 
sic and hops are given in the spacious 
casino every Wednesday and Satur- 
day evening. A sandj'^ beach runs 
the whole length of the park, at the 
foot of the bluff, affording excellent 
bathing. A stairway from the hotel 
office leads down to the floor below 
on the side toward the lake, where 
are the dressing rooms for bathers. 
Other water sports — fishing, canoeing 
and yachting — can be enjoyd here to 
the fullest extent. In the park also 
is the Old Log Cabin, erected in 1888 
as a historical museum by the Pio- 
neers' Association of Niagara Coun- 
ty. It is open only during meetings 
of the association. 

One of the chief attractions of Ol- 
cott Beach is the open air theater, 
in which variety entertainments are 
given every afternoon and evening. 
Admission 10 cents, children 5 cents. 
Across the street is an annex to the 
park, comprising several acres, calld 
the Rialto. Here are many popular 
amusements, such as a roller coaster, 
cave of the winds, bowling alleys, 
shooting gallery, fortune teller, Jap- 
anese bazaar, etc., etc. 

Ontario Power Company of Niag- 
ara Falls. — This is the largest hydro- 
electric undertaking on either side 
of the river. Its works are rich in 
features of interest to the visitor, 
whether engineer or layman. The 
plant at present has a capacity of 
75,000 H. P. in 7 units of the hori- 
zontal, twin turbin type. It is now 
(April, 1910) being extended to pro- 
vide for 14 units having a total out- 
put of about 150,000 H. P. The 
works are designed and partly fin- 
isht for an ultimate capacity of 



142 




143 



about 200,000 H. P. The water for 
the present development flows from 
the Headworks, which are on the 
Canadian shore at the Dufferin 
Hands, thru an 18-foot steel and con- 
crete pipe over one mile long, placed 
underground, to a point just below 
Table Eock. A second condit of like 
size is approaching completion and 
a third will later be added. From 
the distributor or lower section of 
each condit the water drops thru 
9-foot steel penstocks to the water 
wheels, the available head being 170 
feet. The Power House is situated 
unobtrusively in the Gorge at the 
foot of the Canadian Falls. 

The electric current, which is gen- 
erated at 12,000 volts, is conducted 
thence thru cable tunnels under the 
surface of Queen Victoria Niagara 
Falls Park up to the Distributing 
Station on the hill-top. Here a por- 
tion of the output is stept up to 
60,000 volts for distribution in the 
States of New York and Pennsyl- 
vania. The remainder is transmit- 
ted thruout the Niagara Peninsula 
at 12,000 volts, with the exception 
of that taken by the Hydro-Electric 
Power Commission of Ontario, at 
whose transformer station the volt- 
age is increased to 110,000, for dis- 
tribution thruout Southwestern On- 
tario. 

The Generating and Distributing 
Stations are accessible to visitors 
thru the Entrance Building in the 
Park. All the Company's buildings 
are of artistic design and, unlike 
most such works, enhance the scenic 
beauty of their environment. From 
the roof of the Distributing Station 
the view of the Falls, upper Eapids, 
and surrounding country is probably 
the most comprehensive and inspir- 
ing to be had anywhere in the neigh- 
borhood of the great cataract. 
Pamflets giving a full general and 
technical description of the works 



are furnisht at the Entrance Build- 
ing upon application. The casual 
visitor is guided over the plant for 
a nominal charge of 50 cents, part of 
which defrays the cost of providing 
this service, the balance going to 
support a bed in the Niagara Falls 
General Hospital. 

Orchard Beach is a delightful lake 
shore resort at North East, Pa., 
about 70 miles from Buffalo. 
Eeached by cars of the Buffalo & 
L. Erie Traction Co., which owns the 
resort. Fare $1.40, round trip $2.60. 

Orchard Park is a locality in the 
town of Hamburg, reached by elec- 
tric cars. 




144 



Parks. — Buffalo has made generous 
provision for the rest and recreation 
of its residents in the open air. The 
park system of the city was organ- 
ized about 1860, by an act of the 
State legislature authorizing the 
purchase of lands for this purpose 
and creating a board of commis- 
sioners to carry the act into effect. 
The Department of Parks is now ad- 
ministerd by a board of 6 commis- 
sioners, one of whom is the mayor, ex 
officio, and the other 5 are appointed 
by him for terms of 5 years, so ar- 
ranged that the term of one commis- 
sioner expires each year. The com- 
missioners serve without salary, The 
board appoints a secretary, a sup- 
erintendent and other employees. Its 
office is on the first floor of the city 
hall. Up to July 1, 1909, a total of 
1,052 acres had been set apart for 
parks and smaller open spaces. Some 
of the parks are connected by park- 
ways — wide boulevards borderd or 
eenterd by strips of greensward, with 
shade treees and clumps of shrubbery 
at intervals — besides which several 
avenues running to the parks have 
been designated as Park Approaches, 
and put in charge of the park de- 
partment. The following is a list of 
the parks and minor places, several 
of which are described elsewhere: 

CAZENOVIA, between Seneca st. 
and Abbott rd.; 106 acres* 

DELAWARE, between Amherst st. 
and Forest av., Parkside and Elm- 
wood avs.; 365 acres.* 

THE FRONT, between Front av. and 
L. Erie; 48 acres.* 

HUMBOLDT, between Northampton 
and Best sts., E. Parade and W. 
Parade avs.; 56 acres.* 



RIVEIJSIDE, between O'Neill st. 

and Esser av., Tonawanda and 

Niagara sts,; 22 acres.* 
SOUTH, between Hurlbert st. and 

Ridge rd., South Park av. and 

Pennsylvania railroad tracks; 155 

acres.* 

MINOR PLACES. 

AGASSIZ PLACE, Humboldt pky,, 
and Parkside av.; circle 490 feet 
in diameter. 

ARLINGTON PLACE, from North 
st. south and east to College st.; 
300 by 87 feet. 

THE BANK, Massachusetts and 
Front avs,; circle 300 feet in di- 
ameter. 

BENNETT PLACE, Clinton, E. 
Eagle and Pine sts.; 2.43 acres. 

BEST STREET, Best st. and W. 
Parade av.; 156 by 160 feet. 

BIDWELL PLACE, Richmond and 
Lafayette avs.; 5.44 acres. 

CHAPIN PLACE, Delaware and Laf- 
ayette avs.; 4.28 acres. 

THE CIRCLE, Richmond av. and 
North St.; circle 500 feet in diam- 
eter. 

DAY'S PARK, Allen to Cottage St.; 
1.38 acre. 

FERRY STREET, W. Ferry st. and 
Richmond av.; circle 300 feet in 
diameter. 

GATES CIRCLE, see CHAPIN 
PLACE. 

HEACOCK PLACE, Abbott and 
White's Corners rds,; about 2.8 
acres. 

HUMBOLDT PARKWAY AND 
SCAJAQUADA CREEK; 468 by 
5 feet. 

JOHNSON PLACE, Johnson pk. 
near Delaware av.; 1.05 acre. 

LAFAYETTE SQUARE, between 
Broadway and Clinton st., Wash- 
ington and Main sts.; 200 by 160 
feet.* 



*3^e separate article. 



145 



LANIGAN PARK, Elk st. to Fulton 
near Louisiana; 300 by 100 feet. 

MARKET SQUARE, Niagara and 
Amherst sts,; 198 by 33 feet. 

HASTEN PLACE ,Best, Hasten, E. 
North and Hiehigan sts.j 7.72 
acres. 

NIAGARA SQUARE, Niagara, Court 
and Genesee sts. and Delaware 
av.; 4.92 acres. 

PORTER SQUARE, Niagara and 
Parish sts.; 1.65 acre. 

PROSPECT PLACE, between Con- 
necticut st. and Porter av., Pros- 
pect av. and Seventh st.; 3.83 
acres, 

SOLDIERS' LACE, Bird av. and 
Lincoln pky.; circle 700 feet in 
diameter. 

SOUTH PARKWAY CIRCLE, South- 
side pky. and city line; circle 500 
feet in diameter. 

THE TERRACE, Court st. to S. Div- 
ision; 1.32 acre. 

WOODSIDE CIRCLE, Southside and 
Red Jacket pkys.; circle 500 feet 
in diameter. 

TRIANGLES. There are also 27 
small triangles at the intersections 
of streets, which are cared for by 
the park department. 

A city forester is employd by the 
department, who has charge of the 
planting and pruning of the shade 
trees in the public streets, and spray- 
ing the trees to free them from 
caterpillars. 

The city's Zoological Garden, 
which is in charge of the park de- 
partment, is described separately 
and the botanical conservatory is 
described under South Park. 

The president of the park commis- 
sioners is Haurice H. Wall and the 
superintendent of parks is David A. 
Seymour. 

Penitentiary. — This is a county in- 
stitution and is located at 5th and 



Pennsylvania sts. There are two 
principal buildings; the older one 
contains 500 cells and the newer one 
has about 300. Visitors are admit- 
ted on Thursday from 9:30 to 11 a. 
m. and 1:30 to 3:30 p. m. 

Peoples Bank. — This institution 
stands very high in the esteem of 
the business men of Buffalo-. To its 
known conservatism of management 
and the security so afforded is added 
a curtesy and progressive spirit, 
which, catering as the bank does to. 
active business accounts, make it an 
ideal depository. The oflSeers make 
a special effort to give to its cus- 
tomers their personal service, and 
cover completely the entire work of 
the bank in personal administration. 
This is greatly appreciated by the 
bank's depositors, and it insures a 
more satisfactory handling of their 
business than can otherwise be ob- 
taind. The management also takes 
a great deal of interest in new enter- 
prizes located in Buffalo and endeav- 
ors to extend to those coming to the 
city every possible assistance to fu"^- 
ther their business. To those estab- 
lishing new enterprizes or organiz- 
ing branches of old enterprizes in this 
city, this is a feature of bank work 
which is very much appreciated. 
The officers, A. D. Bissell, president; 
C. R, Huntley, vice-president; E. J. 
Newell, cashier; Howard Bissell and 
C. G. Feil, assistant cashiers, are well 
known, and because of their long 
connection with the bank and the 
experience which it gives, are each 
one well fitted for the highest type 
of service. Conservatism, safety, 
curtesy and progressiveness are evi- 
dently the cardinal points in their 
scheme of management. Upon its 
board of directors are some of the 
most prominent citizens of Buffalo, 
and the bank refers with pride to 
this body of representative men who 
take a very active interest in the 



146 




THE PEOPLES BANK 



147 



institution, assisting the officers in 
many ways in the administration of 
its affairs. The board consists of 
Charles F. Bishop, John Hughes, 
Charles E. Huntley, Daniel O'Day, 
Frank E'. Wattles, Walter P. Cooke, 
A. D. Sikes, Frank S. McGraw, Ei- 
good C. Lufkin, E. W. Pomeroy and 
A. D. Bissell. 



justly deserved reputation for excel- 
lence while the prices are moderate 
compared to rates elsewhere. Many 
travelers have their work done here, 
as they save from 25 to 50 per cent., 
having it forwarded afterward. 

The proprietor, Mr. Frederick 
Pohle, will be very glad to receive 
visitors and show them the entire 




PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIO OF FREDERICK POHLE 



Photography.- — The art of photo- 
graphy is well represented in Buffalo, 
and one of the most interesting stud- 
ios for the stranger to visit is lo- 
cated in the center of the business 
section — No. 9 W. Chippewa st. — 
just around the corner from Main. 

Its large and commodious quarters 
are modern and artistic, there being 
about ten rooms, which include 
everything desirable in a studio — in 
fact it is superior to anything else 
in New York State, The portraits 
made here are marvels of artistic 
skill and are in keeping with the 



establishment without any obliga- 
tion for them to purchase. 

Pine Hill is just outside the east- 
ern city limit and is the location of 
several cemeteries. It is reached by 
Genesee st. cars. 

Playgrounds. — The city has estab- 
lisht grounds where children may 
use their activities in healthful rec- 
reation, without the danger to them- 
selves and to passers-by connected 
with playing in the streets. This 
outlet also removes the danger of 
pent-up energy finding vent in hood- 



148 



lumism. The following is a list of 
the grounds, which are in charge of 
a general director and assistants, 
under the supervision of the Play- 
ground Commission: 
BIED AVENUE, Bird av. and Grant 

St.; 45,988 sq. ft. 
COLLINS, Smith st. near Perry; 

108,000 sq. ft. 
DELAVAN AVENUE, W. Delavan 

av. near Main st.; 73,176 sq. ft. 
GLENWOOD AVENUE, Glenwood 

av. near Fillmore; 44,976 sq. ft. 
JOHNSON STEEET, Johnson st. 

near Genesee; 73,392 sq. ft. 
LANIGAN PAEK, Perry st. near 

Louisiana; 30,000 sq. ft. 
SEVENTH STEEET, Seventh st. 

near Hudson; 29,172 sq. ft. 
SIDWAY STEEET, Sidway st. near 

Sandusky; 49,044 sq. ft. 
TEEEACE, the Terrace from Church 

St. to Court; 57,600 sq. ft. This 

playground was establisht in 1901 

and was the first to be establisht 

and maintaind in Buffalo by a city 

appropriation. 

Civic Games or exhibitions given 
by children taught in the various 
playgrounds have been held about 
the end of August each year since 
1902. Experiments with children's 
gardens and with summer camps 
have also been made in connection 
with the playground recreations. 

Point Abino is a cottage resort on 
the Canadian shore of L. Erie, about 
two miles west of Crystal Beach. It 
has a station on the Grand Trunk 
railroad and a large launch also 
brings passengers to and from the 
Crystal Beach steamers. The Point 
Abino Yacht Club, composed of sum- 
mer residents, has a club house on 
the Point. 

Police Department. — This depart- 
ment is conducted by the Board of 
Police, comprising the Mayor ex 
oflScio, who is president of the board, 



and two commissioners appointed by 
the mayor for terms of 6 years. The 
appointed commissioners must not 
belong to the same political ^party. 
The board appoints the superinten- 
dent of police and other officers of 
the department and the patrolmen. 
The office of the board is in the 
Headquarters building. 

The superintendent is the com- 
manding officer of the uniformd 
force and is in charge of the head- 
quarters of the department, which 
are in the building standing on a 
triangle bounded by Franklin and 
W. Seneca sts. and the Terrace. 
The present superintendent is Mich- 
ael Eegan. 

The city is divided into 14 pre- 
cincts, each having a station house 
occupied by a detachment of the 
force. The following are the loca- 
tions of the police stations: 
No. 

1. Headquarters Building. 

2. 403 E. Seneca st. 

3. 425 Pearl st. 

4. Sycamore and Ash sts. 

5. W. Delavan and Greenwood avs. 

6. 1444 Main st. 

7. 355 Louisiana st. 

8. 484 William st. 

9. Seneca and Babcock sts. 

10. 566 Niagara st. 

11. Broadway and Bailey av. 

12. 1186 Genesee st. 

13. Austin and Joslyn sts. 

14. 2855 Main st. 

The total number of persons in 
the department is 814, comprising 3 
inspectors, 14 captains, 89 sergeants, 
633 patrolmen, 21 patrol wagon driv- 
ers and various other officers and 
employees. 

The small steamer Orover Cleve- 
land belongs to this department and 
is used for patrolling the harbor. 

There is a police pension fund, 
amounting to something over 150,000, 
which receives the money from dog 



149 



iiceDses, pistol permits, rewards, part 
of the liquor tax and some other 
sources. 

Political Divisions. — For conven- 
ience in voting at elections, most 
of the towns in Erie county and all 
the wards in the cities of Buffalo and 
Tonawanda are sub-divided into elec- 
tion districts, each having a separate 
polling place. 

Erie county comprises 9 Assembly 
Districts, each of which elects a 
member of the State Assembly. 
These districts are made up of Elec- 
tion Districts in th<3 following man- 
ner: 

FIRST ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 
21st ward, third and fourth dis- 
tricts. 

22nd ward. 

23rd ward, first and third districts. 

24th ward. 

25th ward. 

SECOND ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 

18th ward. 

19th ward. 

20th ward. 

21st ward, first and second dis- 
tricts, 

THIRD ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 

5th ward, fifth district. 

6th ward, first and third districts. 

10th ward. 

13th ward. 

14th ward. 

15th ward, sixth district. 

23rd ward, second district. 

The first, second and third Assem- 
bly districts make up the 48th Sen- 
atorial District. 

FOURTH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 
1st ward. 
4th ward. 
9th ward. 

FIFTH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 
2nd ward. 
3rd ward. 



5th ward, first, second, third and 
fourth districts. 

6th ward, second and fourth dis- 
tricts.. 

7th ward, first and fifth districts. 

8th ward, first district. 

SIXTH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 

7th ward, secondjthird and fourth 
districts. 

8th ward, second, third, fourth and 
fifth districts. 

11th ward. 

The fourth, fifth and sixth as- 
sembly districts make up the 49th 
Senatorial District. 

SEVENTH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 
12th ward. 

16th ward, fifth district. 
Amherst. 
Cheektowaga. 
Lackawanna. 
Lancaster, 
West Seneca. 

EIGHTH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 

15th ward, first, second, third, 
fourth and fifth districts. 

16th ward, first, second,- third and 
fourth districts, 

17th ward. 

Grand Hand. 

Tonawanda (town). 

Tonawanda (city). 

NINTH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT. 



Alden. 

Aurora. 

Boston. 

Brant. 

Clarence. 

Colden. 

Collins. 

Concord. 

East Hamburg. 

Eden. 



Elma. 

Evans. 

Hamburg. 

Holland. 

Marilla. 

Newstead. 

North Collins. 

Sardinia. 

Wales. 



The seventh, eighth and ninth As- 
sembly districts make up the 50th 
Senatorial District. 

The 35th Congressional District 
comprises Wards 1 to 14 inclusive 



150 



and Ward 16 of the city of Buffalo. 
The 36th Congressional District 
comprises Ward 15 and Wards 17 to 
25 inclusive of the city of Buffalo, 
also the cities of Lackawanna and 
Tonawanda and all the towns of Erie 
county. 

WAED BOUND AKIES. 

The following are the boundaries of 
the 25 wards into which the citv of 
Buffalo is divided: 

FIEST WARD— Bounded by Main, 
Buffalo river, L. Erie to a straight 
line with Buffalo Creek E. E. to 
Main, 

SECOND WAED— Bounded by Main, 
Perry, Babcock, Seneca to Main. 

THIED WAED— Bounded by Main, 
Seneca, Babcock, Clinton, Fill- 
more, Eagle to M!ain. 

FOUETH WAED— Bounded by Bab- 
cock, Perry, Buffalo Creek E. E. 
following a straight line to L. 
Erie, City Line, Clinton to Bab- 
cock. 

FIFTH WAED— Bounded by Main, 
Eagle, Pine, William, Bennett, Ash, 
Genesee, Michigan, Goodell to 
Main. 

SIXTH WAED— Bounded by Ben- 
nett, William, Pine, Eagle, Madi- 
son, Broadway to Bennett. 

SEVENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Madison, Eagle, Smith, Broadway 
to Madison. 

EIGHTH WAED — Bounded by 
Smith, Eagle, Fillmore, William, 
Melbourne, Broadway, N. Y. C. 
Belt Line, Stanislaus, Beck, Broad- 
way to Smith. 

NINTH WAED— Bounded by Mel- 
bourne, William, Fillmore, Clinton, 
City Line, Broadway to Melbourne. 

TENTH WAED— Bounded by Ash, 
Broadway, Sherman, Genesee to 
Ash. 

ELEVENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Sherman, Broadway, Beck, Stani- 
slaus, N. Y. C. Belt Line, Walden, 



Best, Herman, Genesee to Sher- 
man. ^ i 

TWELFTH WAED— Bounded by 
G rider, Ferry, N. Y. C. Belt Line, 
Broadway, City Line, Delavan to 
Grider. 

THIETEENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Main, Goodell, Michigan, Genesee, 
Hickory, Cherry, Locust, North to 
Main. 

FOUETEENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Locust, Cherry, Hickory, Genesee, 
Herman, Best, Jefferson, North to 
Locust. 

FIFTEENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Main, North, Jefferson, Delavan 
to Main. 

SIXTEENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Jefferson, Best, Walden, N. Y. C. 
Belt Line, Ferry, Grider, Delavan 
to Jefferson. 

SEVENTEENTH WAED— Bounded 
by Delavan to City Line, follow- 
ing City Line to Delaware, Scaja- 
quada creek, Main to Delavan. 

EIGHTEENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Delaware, Seajaquada creek, Niag- 
ara river, north City Line, Seaja- 
quada creek. 

NINETEENTH WAED— Bounded by 
Seajaquada creek to Niagara 
river, around Squaw Hand to Del- 
avan, Main to Seajaquada creek. 

TWENTIETH WAED— Bounded by 
Main, Ferry, Hampshire, Albany, 
Niagara river, Delavan to Main. 

TWENTY-FIEST WAED— Bounded 
by Main, North, Eichmond, Con- 
necticut, Fifteenth, Hampshire, 
Ferry to Main. 

TWENTY-SECOND WAED— Bound- 
ed by Eichmond, York, Porter, 
Niagara river, Albany, Hamp- 
shire, Fifteenth, Connecticut to 
Eichmond. 

TWENTY-THIED WAED— Bounded 
by Main, Tupper, Twelfth, Mary- 
land, Cottage, Plymouth, York, 
Eichmond, North to Main. 



151 



TWENTY-FOUETH WAED— Bound- 
ed by Main, Niagara, Wilkeson, 
Seventh, Porter, York, Plymouth, 
Cottage, Maryland, Twelfth, Tup- 
per to Main. 

TWENTY-FIFTH WAED— Bounded 
by Main, Buffalo river, L. Erie, 
Porter, Seventh, Wilkeson, Niag- 
ara to Main. 

Poor, Department of. — The Over- 
seer of the Poor is elected by the 
people for a term of 4 years. He 
has charge of all expenditures of 
city money for the relief of the 
poor, and except in emergencies he is 
required to investigate all applica- 
tions before giving aid. The relief 
given may consist of orders for fuel, 
provisions or medicines and medical 
treatment at the homes of the sick 
poor or in hospitals. The present 
overseer is Louis J. Kengott and his 
office is at 44 W. Swan st. 

Port Dalhousie, Ont., is a port on 
L. Ontario at the northern end of 
the Welland canal. It has ship- 
building and other industries. Popu- 
lation 1,125, in 1901. Beached by 
Grand Trunk railroad or by Niagara 
and St. Catherine 's electric cars. 

Post Office. — The general post 
office ocupies the ground floor of the 
Federal Building at EUicott and E. 
Swan sts. There are entrances on 
all four sides of the building. The 
divisions of the office most visited 
by the public open from a corridor, 
which runs around three sides. The 
large working room in the central 
part of this floor, where mail mat- 
ter is sorted and delivered or dis- 
pateht, measures 117 by 184 feet. 

The General Delivery windows for 
men and for women face the west- 
ern or main entrance. They are 
open the whole 24 hours of every 
day. Next to the left is the Inform- 
ation and Weighing window, which 
is open from 7 a. m. to 11 p. m. Be- 



yond this are the drop boxes for 
depositing out-going mail, which are 
accessible at all times. Opposit the 
drop boxes, on the outer side of the 
corridor, is the Money Order divis- 
ion, where orders are issued from 
9 a .m. to 9 p. m. and orders are 
paid from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. It is 
not open on Sunday or holidays. 
Around the corner on the north side 
of the building, and also on the 
outer side of the corridor, are the 
Stamp Division, open from 7 a. m. to 
11 p. m., Sunday and holidays from 
9 a. m. to 12 m., the Cashier's office 
and the Eegistry division, the latter 
open from 8 a. m. to 11 p. m., Sun- 
day and holidays from 10 to 11.30 
a. m. 

To the right from the General 
Delivery windows is the Advertised 
Mail window, next is the Box divi- 
sion window and then come the 1,000 
lock boxes, extending around the 
corner and down the greater part of 
the south side of the office. Opposit 
where the boxes begin, on the outer 
side of the corridor, is the Inquiry 
division, open from 8:30 a. m. to 5:30 
p. m. In the southwest corner of 
the building are the offices of the 
Postmaster, his Secretary and the 
Assistant Postmaster, and around on 
the south side are the rooms of the 
Supt. of Mails and the Supt. of De- 
livery. On the south corridor, be- 
yond the main section of lock boxes, 
is a row of carriers' windows, where 
persons who have their mail deliverd 
by carrier on week days can call for 
it on Sunday, between 10 and 11:30 
a. m. 

Mail in bulk is receivd and dis- 
patcht at the eastern entrance open- 
ing upon a drive-way that runs from 
Swan to S. Division st. 

There are stations of the Buffalo 
post office, . at which mail is sorted 
and sent out for delivery by car- 
riers, and both domestic and inter- 



152 ■ 



national money orders are issued, at 

the following locations: 

Station. 

A. 799 William st. 

B. 71 Forest av. 

C. 1417 Main st. 

D. 755 Seneca st. 

E. E. Genesee and Davis sts. 



in 1812 and scatterd by the burning 
of the village the next year, this 
society was reorganized in 1815, and 
became the First Presbyterian 
Church. Its earliest house of wor- 
ship was erected at Main and Niag- 
ara sts., where the Erie County Bank 
now stands. A tablet in the vesti- 




FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 



Lackawanna. 

There are also 65 sub-stations in 
stores all over the city, at which 
stamps are sold, letters and pack- 
ages are registerd and domestic 
money orders are issued. Interna- 
tional money orders are issued at 
Nos. 3, 15, 36, and 61. A full list of 
the sub-stations will be found in the 
city directory. 

Presbyterian Churches. — The Pres- 
byterian denomination was the first 
to have a society in Buffalo. .Formd 



bule of the south entrance to the 
bank building bears this inscription: 

''On this site Hhe first Presbyter- 
ian society of the town of Buffalo' 
organized February second, 1812, the 
first church organization in the city, 
erected in 1823 a church edifice; in 
1827 it dedicated a second and more 
substantial structure in which it 
worshipped until 1891 when it moved 
to the Circle. 

Erected by the Niagara Frontier 
Landmarks Association, 1907." 



153 



The present tome of the First 
Church faces on The Circle, between 
Pennsylvania and Wadsworth sts. 
It was built in 1890, of Medina s^and- 
stone, and may be recognized from a 
distance by its tall square tower. 

The following is a list of all the 
Presbyterian churches in the city: 
BETHANY— Fifteenth st., near Ver- 
mont. 
BETHESDA— Stanton st. 
BETHLEHEM— Hoyt and Bird sts. 
CALVAEY— Delaware av. near Tup- 

per st. 
CENTEAL— Genesee and Pearl sts. 
CHUECH OF THE COVENANT-- 

1531 Michigan st. 
EAST— 509 S. Division st. 
FTEST — Pennsylvania and Wads- 

LAFAYETTE AVENUE— 845 Elm- 
wood av. 

LEBANON— -Fillmore and Sycamore 
sts 

NOETH— Delaware av. and W. Utiea 

St. 

PAEK — Crescent av. and Elam pi. 
SOUTH — Seneca and Juniata sts. 
WALDEN AVENUE— Walden av. 

and May st. 
WEST AVENUE— Ferry st. and 

W^est av 
WESTMINSTEE — Delaware av. 

near Summer st. 

Public Works, Department of,— 
About one-third of the current dis- 
bursements of the city is made thru 
this department. At its head is a 
commissioner elected for a term of 
4 years. The work of the depart- 
ment is divided among 4 bureaus, 
each in charge of a deputy commis- 
sioner appointed by the Commis- 
sioner of Public Works. These are 
the Bureau of Engineering, the 
Water Bureau, the Bureau of Build- 
ing and Bureau of Streets, which 
are described separately. The pres- 
ent commissioner is Francis G. Ward. 



Q 



Queenston, Out., is a town on the 
Canadian side of the Niagara river, 
at the lower end of the Gorge. 
Eeached by Michigan Central rail- 
road or by Niagara Belt line elec- 
tric cars. Steamers from Toronto 
come up the river to this point. Here 
and on the bights south of the town; 
a battle was fought in the War of 
1812. (See Brock's Monument.) 



^ 



154 



R 



Bailroads.-^-^Owing to its position 
at the chief eastern terminus of 
Great Lakes navigation, and to its 
large number of factories, which 
draw in vast quantities of raw ma- 
terials and distribute a correspond- 
ing volume of finisht products, Buf- 
falo has become one of the most im- 
portant railroad centers in America. 
So much rolling stock is required to 
transport the freight and passengers 
that enter and leave the city that 
several of the companies have found 
it advisable to establish large shops 
for building and repairing cars and 
locomotives in the near vicinity. 

The roads entering BufiEalo are so 
groupt by community of interest 
that four passenger depots accomo- 
date them all, and they also com- 
bine in the use of freight depots. 
The passenger depots are the Central 
on Exchange st. near Ellicott st., the 
Erie at Exchange and Michigan sts., 
the Lackawanna at the foot of Main 
St., and the Lehigh on Washington 
st. below Exchange st. Each road 
has a city ticket office in additifp to 
the one in the depot, and some west- 
ern roads connecting with those that 
enter Buffalo also have a ticket 
agency here. The following list 
gives the passenger depot of each 
road, the location of its city ticket 
office, and the location of its freight 
depot. (See also Street Railways.) 

BELT LINE. Depot, CENTEAL* 

BIG FOUR ROUTE. See C, C, C. 
& St. L. 

BOSTON" & ALBANY. Tickets, 377 
Main st. 

BUFFALO, ROCHESTER & PITTS- 
BURG. Depot, CENTRAL; tickets 
305 Main st.; freight, Ganson st. 



*See separate article. 



BUFFALO & SUSQUEHANNA. 
Depot, CENTRAL; freight, Seneca 
and Hamburg sts. 

BURLINGTON ROUTE. See C, B. 
& Q. 

CANADIAN PACIFIC. Depot, 
CENTRAL; tickets, 233 Main st.; 
freight, Erie st. 

CHICAGO & ALTON. Tickets, 305 
Main st. 

CHICAGO & NORTHWESTERN. 
Tickets, 301 Main st, 

CHICAGO, BURLINGTON & 
QUINCY. Tickets, 299 Main st. 

CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. 
PAUL. Tickets, 303 Main st. 

CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND & PACI- 
FIC. Tickets, 297 Main st. 

CLEVELAND, CINCINNATI, CHI- 
CAGO & ST. LOUIS. Tickets, 377 
Main st. 

CLOVER LEAF. See C. & A. 

DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA & 
WESTERN. Depot,. LACKA- 
WANNA; tickets, 289 Main st.; 
freight, foot of Main st, 

ERIE. See N. Y., L. E. & W. 

GRAND TRUNK. Depots, LEHIGH 
and CENTRAL; tickets, 285 Main 
St.; freight, Erie st. 

GREAT NORTHERN. Tickets, 299 
Main st. 

ILLINOIS CENTRAL. Tickets, 305 
Main st. 

LACKAWANNA. See D., L. & W. 

LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN 
SOUTHERN. Depot, CENTRAL; 
tickets, 377 Main st.; freight, 
Louisiana and Exchange sts. 

LEHIGH VALLEY. Depot, LE- 
HIGH; tickets, 369 Main st.; 
freight, Scott st. 

MICHIGAN CENTRAL. Depot, 
CENTRAL; tickets, 377 Main st.; 
freight, Erie st. 

NEW YORK CENTRAL & HUD- 
SON RIVER. Depot, CENTRAL; 
tickets, 377 Main st.; freight, Car- 
roll and Michigan sts. 

NEW YORK, CHICAGO & ST. 
LOUIS. Depot, ERIE; tickets, 



155 



291 Maiu st.; freight, TiOiiisiana 
and Exchange sts. 

NEW YORK, LAKE EEIE & WEST- 
ERN. Depot, ERIE; tickets, 309 
Main st.; freight, Louisiana ana 
Exchange sts. 

NICKEL PLATE. See N. Y., C. & 
St. L. 

NORTHWESTERN. See C. & N. 

PENNSYLVANIA. Depot, CEN- 
TRAL; tickets, 307 Main st., 
freight, Louisiana and Carroll sts. 

ROCK ISLAND. See C, R. I. & P. 

RUTLAND. Tickets, 377 Main st. 

TORONTO, HAMILTON & BUF- 
FALO. Depot, CENTRAL; tickets 
377 Main st. 

UNION PACIFIC. Tickets, 303 
Main st. 

WABASH. Depot, ERIE; tickets, 
287 Main st.; freight, Louisiana 
st. near viaduct. 

WEST SHORE. See N. Y. C. & H. 
R. 

Reservoir. — The high service res- 
ervoir, occupying the large block 
bounded by Dodge, Jefferson, Best 
and Masten sts., was completed in 
1894. It has an area of 20.2 acres, 
and when fild to a depth of 30 feet 
contains 116,213,827 gallons, and the 
surface of the water is 113 feet 
above the surface of the Niagara 
river at the Inlet pier. Its name is 
the Prospect Reservoir. 

Riverside Park, containing 22 
acres, lies on a bluff at the extreme 
northwest corner of the city, being 
separated from the Niagara river by 
Niagara st. and the Erie canal. It 
is a favorit place for | picnics of 
families and societes. This park has 
a dancing pavilion, where band con- 
certs are given, a shelter house and 
a wading pool about 200 feet long 
and 20 feet wide. Reached by Niag- 
ara-0'Neill st. cars. 

Roycroft Shop. — The most original 
and interesting industrial establish- 
ment in this vicinity, and doutless 



ill the whole country, is the shop of 
The Roycrofters, at East Aurora. It 
was started in 1896, when Elbert 
Hubbard bought the local printing 
office and began publishing his own 
writings. Other departmenrs have 
been added, until now the Shop does 
a large printing and publishing busi- 
ness, which includes issuing 3 maga- 
zines — Little Journeys, The Philis- 
tine and The Fra — it produces fine 
bookbindings in many styles, hand 
illuminated books, articles of mod- 
eld leather, furniture of simple, ar- 
tistic design, ornamental copper and 
iron work, and articles in clay and 
terra cotta. The Roycroft Shop and 
belongings represent an investment 
of about $300,000 and there are over 
300 persons on its pay-roll. Several 
of the buildings have been construct- 
ed of field stones, collected from sur- 
rounding farms, and their pictur- 
esqueness is in keeping with the 
spirit of the whole enterprise. Mr. 
Hubbard has built up a large and 
successful business in a country vil- 
lage, using the talent and materials 
that were at hand. At the Roycroft 
Shoi\ country boys and girls have 
been given work at which they can 
earn their living and get -an educa- 
tion while doing it. Men and wo- 
men who have come to the Shop have 
been given a chance to do such work 
as they could do best, the workers in 
the several departments being taught 
and directed by able lieutenants, 
whom Mr. Hubbard has drawn 
around him. The Roycrofters have 
many opportunities for improvement, 
not the least of which is seeing and 
meeting talented yisitors and hearing 
some speak and others discourse 
music. About 25,000 persons visit 
the Shop each year, representing 
every State and Territory in the 
Union and every civilized country in 
the world. 

Under East Aurora the Roycroft 
Inn is described. 



156 



SBritJBh at the hurninj^ of Buffalo, 
Dec. .'iO-31, 1813. 

Erected by the Niagara Frontier 

Safe Deposit Vaults.— Four com- I-andmarks As«ocJationf 1902.'' 

panies in Buffalo provide fire-proof St. Joseph's Cathedral, with the 

and burj^lar-proof vaults for the stor- adjoining Rectory and Chapel-of- 

age of valuables. Boxes of different Ease, occupies nearly half of the 

sizes, for pjapers and small articles, block bounded by Church, Franklin 

are rented for $o a year and upward, and .Swan sts. and the Terrace. It is 

and storage vaults are also 7>rovided a grey stone Gothic structure of 

for chests, pictures^ etc. The com- beautiful proportions, and is con- 

panies are: siderd the masterwork of its archi- 

BUFFALO LOAX, TRUST AND tect Patrick C.Keeley, a disciple of 

SAFE DEPOSIT CO., 449 Main st. *^^/^"!'^"^ V^!°' 

MANUFACTURERS AND TRAD- The Cathedral was begun in 1851, 

ERS BANK, 270-72 Main st.* ^taS'^^ZV'' ^^"^ 'T^ consecrated m 

MARINE BANK, 220 Main st. J^tfhf tZ \CT' '' '* I •"' 

i,. .!.,.' the remarkable carillon of fortv- 
Elhcott Square.* three bells made by Bollee & Son of 
St. Catharines, Out.— A city and ^^^ns, France, and exhibited by them 
county seat on the Welland canal. 12 »* the Paris Exposition of 1866, 
miles northwest of Niagara Falls, wh'^re they were purchased by the 
Reached from Niagara Falls, N. Y., f^*- ^''-^- •^'^h" Timon, first Bishop of 
bv Grand Trunk railroad or by elec- Buffalo. It is the largest carillon in 
trie cars. It is celebrated for its America and the third largest in the 
mineral springs. The Bishop Ridlev world. The bells are operated by 
College is loc^i.ted herr^ and it has ^" electrical apparatus installd by 
extensive shipyards, factories and ^- ^- "^'^"''•''^ '^^ this city, the key- 
machine shops. Population 9,946 in ^^''^^'"'^ ^''^'"^ placed in the Rectory. 
19r)i_ The magnificent ''Centennial" 

organ, built by Hook & FTastings for 

St. John House. — Only two houses the Philadelphia Exposition in 1876, 

within the present extent of the city was purchased for, and erected in 

of BuflFalo esca^^ed destruction by the the Cathedral in 1877. 

British and Indians in their retalia- The fine sanctuary windows came 

tory raid of Dec. 30, 1813. One of from Munich and were the gift of 

these was several miles north of the a member of the Royal farnily of 

then existing village and the other Bavaria. The remaining windows 

stood on part of the site now occu- produced by the Tyrolese Art Glass 

pied by the H. A. Meldrum Co., 460- Co. of Innsbruch. are so well de- 

70 Main st. The latter was occupied veloped in every detail that a study 

at the time by the widow and '^hil- of them alone would sufiaciently com- 

dren of Gamaliel St. John and its pensate a visit. 

location has been markt with a tablet Underneath the altar in the north 

bearing this inscription: transept is the entire body of one of 

"The site of the St. John house, the child-martyrs of the second cen- 

the only dwelling spared by the tury, 7>reserved in wax. On request 

of Bisho^j Timon. in the year 18o9, 

*8ee separate article. Cardinal Fransoni sent the precious 



relic together with the original slab the implements of the Crucifixion, 

found in the Catacombs, to the Ca- contains a relic of the true Cross, 

thedral of Buffalo. The slab reads: Beneath the altar of St. Anthony, in 

"B. P. PEREGRIN. ES XII. KAL the south transept, is a representa- 

MARTIAS. Q VIXIT M G", which tion of Christ in the Holy Sepulchre. 







ST. JOSEPH'S CATHEDRAL 



means the record of death of a child, Divine Service is held in the Cathe- 

a stranger or unknown by name to dral at 6, 8, 9.15 and 10.30 a. m., and 

the Christians who buried it, and at 3.30 and 7.30 p. m. on Sunday; 

about six months old, at 6 and 9.30 a. m. on holy-days, also 

The great boss at the junction of at 7.30 p. m. on the first Friday of 

the groinings of nave, transept and every month and Tuesday evenings 

sanctuary, bearing the impression of thruout the year. On the great 

158 



o 
o 

r 
r 
m 
O 

> 

H 

m 
z 

H 

C 
H 

m 




159 



feasts of the Church the ceremonies dent is sent to his parents. The 

are very carefully and fully carrid first term begins on the first Tues- 

out. The Cathedral celebrated its day of September and ends January 

Golden Jubilee in 1905. 31st. The second begins February 

1st and ends on Tuesday in the 
St. Joseph's Collegiate Institute.— fourth week of June. The entrance 
1238 Main st., Buffalo, is a select examinations take place on the Mon- 
day and boarding school conducted day preceding the day of opening 
by the Brothers of the Christian The institute has accommodations 
Schools. This institution was found- for a limited number of boarders. 
ed in 1861, and incorporated by the „.._,, ^, , ^, -,. . j^-, 
Kegents of the State of New York. , St. Paul's Church.— Standing in the 
It is centrally situated in one of the business center of the city like old 
most select locations of the city of Trinity m New York, is St Paul s 
Buffalo, and is easy of access from Church, the pro-cathedral of the Prot- 
all parts of the eitv estant Episcopal diocese of Western 

The institute consists of three de- ^^^ Y^^^' ^* ^%^ ^7\* \^ ^^^VS"^ 

partments - academic, commercial ?.f ^^f '-^ triangular lot bounded by 

and preparatory. Students complet- ^V^^^?' ^"^ and Pearl sts. Its ma - 

ing the academic course are admitted ^^''^} '^ '^^ sandstone, which is dark^ 

without further examination to the ??^ ^7 the floating dust and soot of 

State normal colleges, to the study of *^^ .^'l' ^^^ architecture is early 

law, medicine, dentistry, engineering, ^^f^^^^ ^''^^'X ^f '\ '^ considerd 

or,^ f« fi,« nr^ii^r..^ ^loccf^^ ^4! +V, ' to bc ouc of tho fincst examples of 

and to tne college classes or the van- , , ■ , i • * • mi 

^110 ,-,r,T.ro,.c,u4^? ^-p +1,-^ J 4-1, that style m America. The spire 
ous universities or this and other -, .-u ^ x. *. 

States, where Eegents' credentials "\^' ^P%%*ii%^','*%^, '^^"^^1*'' 

are honord. The commercial course ^ ^^,^^* °^2^,^/f J; ^*- f^^^^ ^,iif«^ 

will adequately equip any young man a chime of 10 bells, cast m 1856, 

for the highest positions in commer- !^J"«^ ^^^ ^^^^§' T7.'^%^t I'^'^X 

cial enterprises. The course may be ^^'onQl^''^^'''5 1^ \^ tT^ 

completed in four years. The gradu- ^n 1908 by Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Hutch- 

ates have little difficulty in finding ?"«^"' ^^l ^i^\^* .^^^ Hope-Jones and 

employment, as applications are fre ^^ ^ ^T "tl \^/*^"ff^^*- ^.^ . 
quently made to the institute. Boys 9^^,*\^ ,^^^*^ ^^^^ol the edifice is 

who desire to prepare for the aca- ^ *^^^®* bearing this inscription: 
demic or commercial departments ' ' ^P^^ ^^^^ ^^t® ^^^ ^^^^t i° ^^^^ 

are receivd into the preparatory de- ^^i"* Paul's Episcopal Church, the 

partment. ^x'sX permanent church edifice erected 

It is the aim of the Christian j^ Buffalo. It was removed in 1850 

Brothers to form the characters of \ «^^^^ ^^^"^ ^^^ *^® present stone 

their pupils, and to give them such church. 

a "thoro Christian and liberal train- This site was given by the Holland 

ing as will fit them for the practical Land Company to Saint Paul 's 

duties of life. A strict account is Church, and was the first land owned 

taken of all class work and reports i^^ Buffalo by a religious organiza- 

are renderd weeklv. Eeports are tion. 

read before the professors and stu- Erected by the Niagara Frontier 

dents, and are commented upon by Landmarks Association, 1907." 
the director. A quarterly report of Five services are held at St. Paul 's 

the work and standing of each stu- on Sunday, a noon-day service week- 

160 




ST. PAUL'S CHURCH 



161 



days and one at 11 a, m. on Thurs- Scajaquada Creek enters the city 

days and holy days. Opposit the from the east, a little south of the 

church at 128 Pearl st, is the Parish line of Ferry st., runs in a general 

House, used for meetings of societies northwest direction across the city 

and clubs of the parish, for social and joins the Niagara river opposit 

gatherings, industrial classes, etc. It Squaw Hand. It passes thru Forest 

stands on the site of the rectory Lawn Cemetery and Delaware Park, 

which was the home of Dr. "William and has been made to add attractive- 

Shelfbn, rector of St. Paul's from ness to the landscape in both of those 

1829 to 1881. There is a very full enclosures. 

Paul?Chuic^h,'brC^^ Schlosser's Landing, on the Niag^ 

continued by Dr. and Mrs. G. Hunter ^^^ "^^^ ^^ *¥, southeastern part of 

Bartlett present city oi Niagara Falls, 

„,.,_,, N. Y., was the upper end of the 

St. yincent's Technical School, postage around the Falls and rapids 

1313 Mam St., Buffalo, has for its ggtablisht by the French in colonial 

purpose to give girls who are over 15 ^-^^g ^f^^^, Canada and the banks 

the opportunity of training m the ^^ ^^^^ Niagara river came under 

various trades open for women, which ^j^^ control of the British, they im- 

will enable them to enter the mdus- ^^^^^ ^^^ portage and built Fort 

trial field with enough skill and m- gghiosser at this point, in 1760. No 

telhgence to insure success. It is ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ remains, 
conducted by the Sisters of Charity. 

The curriculum of the school com- School Examiners. — There is a 

prises plain and fancy sewing, em- board of 5 School Examiners, ap- 

broidery, dressmaking, millinery, do- pointed by the mayor for terms of 5 

mestic science and a commercial years, which holds all the examina- 

course. The time covering any one tions of applicants for positions as 

of the branches depends entirely on teachers in the city schools. Those 

the ability of the pupil. Each re- who pass one of these examinations 

spective course is finisht with a medal are put on an eligible list, from 

and a diploma. which the superintendent makes the 

Every attention is given to sani- appointments. The members of the 

tary regulations, of which the good board also inspect the public schools 

health of the pupils is the proof, and report upon their condition to 

The pupils enjoy the advantages of a the Common Council, 

gymnasium and a library ^^^ Parochial.-There are 64 

Eeahzmg that the chief educa- parochial schools in Buffalo, attacht 

tion of woman is that which fits her f Catholic, Evangelical and Hebrew 

tor the duties and responsibilities of i i ^ i • 4. 4. i ^ ^n 

, ri ;3 • 4. J 1 • • i. churches, and having a total enroll- 

her God-appomted place m society, , ^' ^ j. oo nnn -i 

the institution gives special attention "^^^* °^ ^^«^^* ^^'^^^ P^P^^^' 

to the moral and intellectual train- Schools, Private. — A well balanced 

ing of the young girls placed in the mental, moral and fysical training — 

school. not a thin veneer of knowledge, and 

Orders are receivd for dressmak- accomplishments — is the aim of the 

ing, bridal trousseaus, embroidery, priA^ate schools of Buffalo. Their 

and millinery, and patrons may be pupils receive more individual at- 

sure of fine needlework and careful tention than is possible in a public 

fitting at moderate prices, school of 500 to 1,000 pupils, and 

162 



their results are tested each year by 
the successful entrance of many of 
their graduates into the best colleges 
in the land. A list follows: 

ACADEMY OF MOUNT ST. JO- 
SEPH, occupies two large buildings 
standing on a commanding site in ex- 
tensive and beautiful grounds at 
Main st. and Humboldt pky. It is 
a day school for girls, conducted by 
the Sisters of St. Joseph, and it has 
a department for boys under 12 
years. 

ACADEMY OF THE SACEED 
HEART, 749 Washington st., is a 
normal school for young ladies, in 
charge of the Sisters of St. Francis. 
It is authorized to confer diplomas, 
and many of its graduates are teach- 
ing in public and private schools in 
this city and elsewhere. The number 
of pupils is usually about 200. 

BUFFALO SEMINARY, Bidwell 
pky, and Potomac av., was incorpor- 
ated in '1851 and now occvipies a 
modern school building of white 
stone, erected for it in 1909. It is 
a school for girls, having about 150 
pupils. 

ELMWOOD SCHOOL, 213 Bryant 
st. For girls and young boys. 

FRANKLIN SCHOOL, 146 Park 
st. Takes girls from the kindergar- 
ten up to entrance to college and 
boys thru the primary grades, pre- 
paring them to enter the Nichols 
School. Joseph D. Allen, head mas- 
ter. It has about 125 pupils. 

HEATHCOTE SCHOOL, 621-23 
Delaware av. Takes boys of all ageg 
and prepares them for business, for 
college, or for any special career. 
Lester Wheeler, head master. 

HOLY ANGELS ACADEMY is 
the preparatory department of 
D'Youville College. 

NICHOLS SCHOOL, Amherst and 
Colvin sts. A college preparatory 



school for boys. Joseph D. Allen, 
head master.* 

ST. JOSEPH 'S COLLEGIATE IN- 
STITUTE, 1238 Main st., has both 
collegiate and commercial courses 
for boys.* 

ST. MARGARET'S SCHOOL, 
North and Franklin sts. For girls 
from the primary grades up to en- 
trance to college. Gives also a gen- 
eral course. Mrs. Helen H. Van 
Winkle, principal. Number of pu- 
pils about 100. 

ST. MARY'S ACADEMY, 135 
Cleveland av., known to all old Buf- 
falonians as Miss Nardin's Acad- 
emy, was located for many years 
at Franklin and Church sts. It was 
incorporated in 1865 and is con- 
ducted by the Sisters of the Sacred 
Heart of Mary. It is a school for 
girls, having about 250 pupils, and its 
classes range from the kindergarten 
to the academic grades. 

ST. VINCENT'S TECHNICAL 
SCHOOL, 1313 Main St. For girls* 

Schools, Public. — The public 
schools of Buffalo compare well in 
efficiency with those of any other 
city in the United States. In them 
the pupil mav pass from the kinder- 
garten up thru the primary and 
grammar grades to the high school 
classes, which prepare for business, 
for the general affairs of life or for 
entrance to the best colleges in this 
countr)^ The first school house built 
in Buffalo stood at Pearl and W. 
Swan sts., where the Dun Bldg. now 
stands, and its location has been 
markt by a tablet with this inscrip- 
tion: 

' ' On this site was Buffalo 's first 
school house, built 1807-8, destroyed 
Dec. 30, 1813, at the burning of the 
village by the British. 



*See separate article. 



163 



Erected by the Niagara Frontier 
Landmarks Association, 1902." 

From a gift by Barnabas H. Bren- 
nan, a fund of about $20,000 was es- 
tablisht in 1871, named in honor of 
Jesse Ketchum^ the income of which 
provides gold and silver medals for 
the highest ranking pupils each year 
in the highest two grades of each 
grammar school, in each high school 
and in the State Normal School in 
Buffalo. The names of the winners 



CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL, Court 

and Franklin sts.; 921 pupils. 

HASTEN PARK HIGH SCHOOL, 
Masten and Best sts,; 1,155 pupils. 

LAFAYETTE HIGH SCHOOL, 
Lafayette av. and Baynes st.; 1,507 
pupils. 

TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL, 
Elm St. near Clinton; 428 pupils. 

No. 
1. Seventh st., near Hudson, 1,388 
pupils. 




MASTEN PARK HIGH SCHOOL 



are announced at the graduating ex- 
ercises of the several schools in June, 
and the medals are presented publicly 
in September. 

During the winter months two 
evening high schools and ten evening 
elementary schools are car rid on and 
several vacation schools of elemen- 
tary grade are open during part of 
the summer vacation. 

Following is a list of the schools, 
with their locritions and number of 
pupils, from a recent report of the 
superintendent of education: 

TEACHERS'^ TRAINING 
SCHOOL, in School No. 10, Delaware 
av. near Mohawk st.; 65 pupils. 



2. Terrace, near Genesee st.; 1,589 

pupils. 
,3. Perry st., near Illinois; 667 pu- 
pils. 

4, Elk St., near Louisiana; 843 pu- 

pils. 

5. Seneca st., near Hydraulic; 570 

pupils. 
' 6. 249 S. Division st.; 929 pupils. 

7. Bailey av. and Clinton st.; 

1.148 pupils. 

8. E. Htica and Masten sts.; 1,002 

pupils. 

9. Bailey av., near Doat st.; 1,591 

pupils. 
10. Delaware av,, near Mohawk st.; 
499 pupils. 



164 



12. Spruce St., near Broadway; 824 26. Milton st., near Seneca; 974 pii- 

pupils. Pi^^-. _ . -, o, 

13. Oak St., near Sycamore; 631 pu- 27. Mineral Spring rd., near Sener>.a 



pils. 



St.; 880 pupils. 



1. -ri TV J. 17^ „ .^ /17A 28. Abbott rd. and Triangle St.; 1,031 

14. Franklin st., near Edward; 4/6 ., *= 

P^P^^^- ., "29. South Park av., near Marilla St.; 

15. Oak and Burton sts; 842 pupils. ^27 pupils. 

16. Delaware av., near Bryant st.; 30. Louisiana st., near South;. 326 

934 pupils. pupils. 

17. Main st., near Delavan av.; 1,105 31. Emslie st., near William; 2,339 

pupils. pupils. 




LAFAYETTE HIGH ISCHOOL 

18. School St., near Fargo av.; 1,166 32. Cedar st., near Clinton; 1,299 

pupils. pupils. 

19. West and Delavan avs.; 1,242 33. Elk st., near Smith; 718 pupils. 

pupils. 34. Hamburg st., near O'Connell av.; 

20. Amherst and East sts.; 544 pu- 795 pupils. 

pils. 35. Swan st., near Spring; 631 pupils. 

21. Hertel av., near Delaware; 313 36. Cottage st., near Day 's Park; 648 

pupils. pupils. 

22. Huntington av., near Main; 476 37. Carlton and Peach sts.; 1,271 pu- 

pupils. pils. 

23. Delavan av., near Wyoming st., 38. Vermont st. and Lowell pi.; 838 

510 pupils. pupils. 

24. Best St. and Fillmore av.; 1,566 39. High st., near Jefferson; 1,596 

pupils. pupils. 

25. Lewis st., near William; 605 pu- 40. Oneida st. and Fillmore av.; 756 

pils. pupils. 

165 



41. 640 Jetferson st.; 845 pupils. 

42. Military rd. and Clay st.; 550 

pupils. 
43. Lovejoy and Gold sts.; 1,478 pu- 
pils. 

44. Broadway and Person st.; 1,981 

pupils. 

45. Auburn av. and Baynes st.; 1,006 

pupils. 

46. Edward and Virginia sts.; 365 pu- 

pils. 

47. Hickory st., near Sycamore; 710 

pupils. 

48. Edna pL, near Hasten st.; 745 

pupils. 

49. Fargo av. and Vermont st.; 537 

pupils. 

50. Eagle st., near Madison; 651 pu- 

pils. 

51. Hertel av. and Guernsey st.; 804 

pupils. 

52. Barry pi., near Bird av.; 1,221 

pupils. 

53. Winslow st. and Wohlers av.; 

1,280 pupils. 

54. Main st., opposit Leroy av.; 771 

pupils. 

55. Guilford st., near Sycamore; 

1,260 pupils. 

56. Elmwood av., near Ferry st.; 837 

pupils. 

57. Sears st., near Broadway; 1,480 

pupils. 

58. Eother av., near Walden av.; 

1,737 pupils. 

59. Glenwood av., near Fillmore av.; 

955 pupils. 

60. Ontario st., near Saratoga; 919 

pupils. 

61. Kensington and Leroy avs; 336 

pupils. 

62. Urban and Moselle sts.; 731 

pupils. 
School of Practice, Jersey st., 

near Normal av.; 395 pupils. 
Truant School, Dole st., near Sen- 
eca St.; 138 pupils. 
The total of the above numbers 
of pupils is 62,157. 



Security ^afe Deposit Oompaiiy.-^ 

This Company occupies one fourth of 
the basement of Ellicott Square 
where it was establisht in Novem- 
ber, 1900, taking as its field the busi- 
ness of safeguarding valuables. 

Three distinct departments com- 
bine to make the institution one of 
the most interesting in or near Buf 
falo. 

The Safe Deposit department is 
conducted in the largest or so called 
''Main Vault," which has a capacity 
of 500 individual safes, ranging in 
rental value from $5 to $150 per 
year, according to size. 

Four vaults are artificially refrig- 
erated for Cold Storage of furs, rugs, 
etc., and an average temperature of 
18° F. is maintaind thruout the 
year. An expert furrier is in charge 
of all articles deposited in this de- 
partment, which is a guarantee that 
they will be properly cared for. 

Storage of silver, pictures, books, 
bric-a-brac and other valuables con- 
stitutes another department, which 
is cared for in two vaults especially 
designd and constructed for the pur- 
pose. 

Numerous small rooms, equipt with 
every facility for conducting private 
business, are devoted exclusively to 
the uses of customers. 

The beauty of the decorations and 
furnishings deserves special mention, 
for in spite of the massive steel doors 
and other evidences of strength and 
security necessary to an institution 
of this character, there prevails thru- 
out a blending of tone and color that 
is sof tend and enrichl by the lighting 
effects that complete a unit of har- 
mony. The vaults are reached by 
both elevator and stairs, and visitors' 
are welcome. 

The capital stock of the Company 
is $150,000. Following is a list of 
the officers and directors: President, 
George E. Teller; Vice-President, 



166 




RECEPTION ROOM OF THE"! SECURITY SAFE .DEPOSIT "CO. 




ENTRANCE TO MAIN VAULT 



John H. Baker; Secretary and Treas- 
urer, Kichard C. O'Keefe; Directors, 
John H. Baker, Walter P. Cooke, 
Charles W. Goodyear, William H. 
Gratwick, Darwin D. Martin, Jacob 
F. Schoellkopf, Carlton M. Smith, 
Carlton Sprague, George E. Teller, 
Harry T. Vars, Maurice M. Wall, 
Arnold B. Watson, Chas. E. Wilson. 

Seeing Buifalo. — In order to see 
the places of interest in a large 
city satisfactorily, the visitor needs 
a conveyance and a guide. Both of 
these are supplied in Buffalo by 
lines of large motor cars that run 
from Main and Swan or Main and 
Niagara sts.^ each in charge of a 
well posted conductor, who points 
out the interesting buildings and lo- 
calities in passing. The charge for 
each passenger is 50c.; time of trip 
about two hours. 

Within a stone's throw of the 
starting point are several notable 
structures — on the west side of Main 
st. stand two modern office buildings, 
the White Building and the Fidelity 
Building, while opposit them is the 
rectangular Ellicott Square, an office 
building covering a whole block. 
Near by are St. PauPs church (P. 
E.) and the Erie County Bank Build- 
ing, occupying triangles on the west 
side of Shelton sq. Across the street 
west of St. Paul 's rises the lofty dark 
red Prudential Building, in . the top 
of which is the local Weather Bureau 
office, and west of the Erie County 
Bank Building is the D. S. Morgan 
Building, with its conspicuous look- 
out tower. Going up Main st., the 
car passes large department stores, 
hotels, banks and office buildings. 
Two blocks above Shelton sq., on 
the right, is Lafayette Square — a. 
small park, in which stands the Sol- 
diers' Monument, and across it can 
be seen the Public Library and the 
Lafayette Hotel. Looking down 
Court St., on the left, the McKinley 



Monument is in plain view. Two 
blocks further on, where three streets 
cross, stands the broad domed granit 
Buffalo Savings Bank, and in the 
middle of the second block above 
that is the Invalid's Home, Dr. E. 
V. Pierce 's hospital. A little beyond, 
occupying two corners, on the left, 
are the Teck theater and St. Louis 
Catholic church, while between them 
may be seen, one block down Ed- 
ward St., the round brick tower of 
the Grosvenor Library. In High st., 
on the right^ is the medical depart- 
ment building of the University of 
Buffalo, and on the same grounds, 
but fronting on the next street, is 
the building of the dental depart- 
ment. Turning into North St., the 
car passes a succession of fine resi- 
dences and churches among which 
rises the lofty Lenox Hotel, and from 
The Circle continues on Porter av 
past Holy Angels' church and D'You- 
ville college. Next comes Prospect 
Place, a small park, at the north end 
of which stands the armory of the 
74th Eegiment. At the foot of Por- 
ter av. is the park calld The Front, 
overlooking the Niagara river, and 
north of this is Fort Porter, where 
U. S. troops are constantly stationd, 
beyond which is the Pumping Station 
of the city water works. Passing 
thru Massachusetts and Eichmond 
avs., the car reaches Lincoln Park- 
way, from which a view of the State 
Hospital for the insane may be had, 
and then enters Delaware Park. 
Here the things of interest, in addi- 
tion to the beauties of nature, are 
the Albright Art Gallery, the His- 
torical Society's building, the statue 
of David, the bust of Mozart, the 
McMillan Memorial Fountain and the 
Zoological Garden. 

The return down town takes us 
past the beautiful Forest Lawn ceme- 
tery and down Delaware av., past 
man}^ handsome residences, club- 



168 



houses and churches, including sev- 
eral buildings of historic interest. 
Among these is the Milburn house, 
No. 1178, in which President McKin- 
ley died, the Wilcox house, No. 641, 
where President Roosevelt first took 
the oath of office, the ''cottage" ol 
Dr. Johnson, first Mayor of Buffalo, 
at the corner of Johnson pk., and 
the last residence of President 
Fillmore, now part of the Castle Inn. 

We have now reached Niagarn 
Square, in the center of which stands 
the lofty McKinley monument. Mak- 
ing a half circle around the square, 
we can see the Y. M. C. A. building, 
one block up Genesee st., the Cen- 
tral High School on the east side 
of the square, the Wilkeson house, 
dating from 1824, on the west side 
and the Women's Union on the south 
side. Turning into Niagara st., we 
see on the left the Masonic Temple 
and standing back to back with it is 
the Mutual Life building, fronting 
on Pearl st. Going down Franklin 
st. we pass the City and County 
Hall, an edifice of truly majestic 
beauty, the Municipal Building, St. 
Joseph's Cathedral (Catholic) and 
Police Headquarters. Coming out 
thru Seneca st. and turning up Main 
St., the tall white Chamber of Com- 
merce building attracts the eye, and 
several of the city's handsome and 
substantial bank iDuildings are past 
in reaching our starting point. 

x^fter getting a general view of 
the city in this way, visitors can go 
in a public carriage or automobile, 
or by street car, to the places that 
interest them most, and spend as 
much time as they wish to at each 
one. 

Outside of the district coverd by 
the motor cars, similar trips may be 
made by street cars, as follows: 

EOUTE NO. 1.— Take a Niagara 
st. car and get a transfer to Hertel 



av. Niagara st. is one of the old 
residence streets of Buffalo, and 
many of its spacious dwellings are 
still standing, sandwicht between 
factories and small stores. Most of 
these dwellings on the lower part of 
the street have been converted into 
boarding houses or public instiutions, 
but others, especially in the Prospect 
Hill section, are still occupied by 
private families. The large factories 
begin at about Maryland st. and 
among their products are wall paper, 
lithografs, aluminum castings, parts 
of automobiles and entire cars, pa- 
per boxes, tools, engines, gasolene 
motors, pianos, and acetylene genera- 
tors. At intervals along the street 
we see also large malt houses, brew- 
eries and lumber yards. Lying on 
both sides of the street, from Con- 
necticut st. to Vermont st., is Pros- 
^\ect Place and looking across the 
greensward on the right, we see the 
buildings of D'Youville college. On 
the north side of Vermont st. stands 
the massive 74th Regiment Armory. 
At the junction of Niagara st. and 
Front av., is a. range light maintaind 
by the U. S. Lighthouse Bureau. 
Here also is a power station of the 
International Railway Co., where 
electric cables cross the river be- 
tween high towers and on one of 
the buildings is the tablet marking 
the site of Fort Tompkins. Above 
Ferry st., on the left, is the factory 
of the E. R. Thomas Motor Co. and 
on the same side, stretching from 
Forest av. to Bird av., is the exten- 
sive plant of the N. Y. Car Wheel 
Co. The car next crosses the bridge 
on which is the tablet commemorat- 
ing the battle of Black Rock. At the 
junction of Tonawanda st., Niagara 
st. bears to the northwest and then 
passes under two railroad bridges. 
Up to this point the Niagara Falls 
branch of the N. Y. Central railroad 
and the Erie canal have run paralel 



169 



between Niagara st. and the river, points of interest have been already 

both crost by frequent bridges. The mentiond. 

railroad now leaves the river by the EOUTE No. 2 — Take a Main st.- 

first of the two bridges over Niagara City Line car and get a transfer to 

St. and the second bridge is the ap- Hertel av. Main st. below North has 

proach to the International bridge, been described under the route of 

crossing the river. A short distance the motor cars. Between North and 

beyond, the car turns into Hertel av. Utica sts. the buildings of interest 

and at the corner of Tonawanda st. are the Holy Trinity Lutheran 

passengers change for the Hertel av. church on the left and Notre Dame 

car, (je Lourdes (French Catholic) church 

We are now about 4 miles from on the right. At a distance on the 

the City Hall and on this car we right can be seen the Masten Park 

ride for something over a mile to high school. Beyond these churches 

Elmwood av., passing on the way the are St. Joseph's Collegiate Institute 

great plants of the American Eadia- with its Alumni Hall, on the left, of- 

tor Co., the John Kam Malting Co., fice building of the Maccabees and 

the F. F. Dalley Co., making the the Frontier Hospital, with its red 

2 in 1 shoe polish, and the Standard cross emblem, on the right. About 

Foundry Co. half a mile above Utica st. is the 

Taking the Elmwood av. car for Buffalo Hospital, conducted by the 
the return down town, we see a,n Sisters of Charity, on the south side 
automobile truck factory on the cor- of E. Delavan av. On the north side 
ner and soon pass the factories of of this avenue is Carnival Court, a 
the Century Telephone Construction favorit place of summer amusement, 
Co. and the Sherwood Manufacturing and on the west side of Main st. is 
Co., makers of brass fittings. Op- the handsome gateway of Forest 
posit is another big plant of the Lawn cemetery. A short distance 
.American Radiator Co., and that of further and we come to Mount St. 
the Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Co., Joseph's Academy, on the left, at 
makers of the famous motor cars and the corner of Humboldt pky. and im- 
Pierce bicycles. The latter is one mediately beyond the Parkway we 
of the most modern and attractive pass in quick succession the Provi- 
of the great manufacturing plants of dence Retreat^ the Marine Hospital 
Buffalo. We soon leave the factory and Le Couteulx St. Mary's Deaf 
district and pass between Delaware and Dumb Institution. Above Jew- 
Park on the left, in which stand the ett av., one block east of Main st., 
Historical Society building and the can be seen the lithografie works of 
Albright Art Gallery, and the exten- the Graphic Arts Co, We now cross 
sive grounds of the State Hospital, a bridge over the deprest tracks of 
with its group of fine buildings, on the Belt Line railroad and shortly 
the right. For nearly two miles, pass tJie Strong Steel Foundry and 
from Forest av. to North st., the car the elevated demonstration line of 
runs thru the Elmwood district of the Automatic Transportation Co. We 
modern homes and stately churches, now leave the car at Hertel av. and 
Two blocks below North st., at the sr>o a little beyond, on the right, a 
corner of Virginia, is Convention long stone building, which is a 
Hall and opposit is the Buffalo Or- veneer factory. 

phan Asylum. We have now reached On the Hertel av. car, we have on 

the down town district, in which the our left the modern residence dis- 

170 



trict, known as Central Park, while tures near-by. Crossing the Buffalo 

on our rigJit is a prairie-like stretch river by a draw-bridge, we see on 

of open country, over which the the left the extensive works of the 

breezes sweep, broken only by an Buffalo Union Furnace Co. Crossing 

occasional dwelling. For three miles the City Ship canal, we turn south- 

we speed due west, crossing at in- ward on the Hamburg Turnpike and 

tervals Parkside av., Delaware av. have a delightful ride of nearly two 

and Elmwood av. and come to the miles along the shore of the lake, 

Military Koad, where we leave the with nothing to obstruct the view 

ca,r. Part of this ride has been de- over the water. Looking ahead we 

scribed in Eoute No. 1. see the works of the Buffalo and 

At this corner we can take one Susquehanna Steel Co., to the left, 
of the fast Niagara Falls cars for with a private canal giving freight- 
tne ride down town, but as this soon ers access to it from the lake, and 
turns into Eoute No. 1, let us, for to the right the immense plant of the 
the sake of variety, take a Grant st. Lackawanna Steel Co. 
car. Within a few blocks we cross After passing the city line, we 
the Belt Line tracks and pass the pay another 5c. fare and get a trans- 
Acme Steel and Iron Works, the fer to the Eidge Road, which is soon 
United Evangelical Cemetery, and reached. Here we get a car for 
the D. H. Stoll Co.'s machine works. South Park, which takes us past the 
We then cross Scajaquada creek and Moses Taylor hospital, built and sup- 
soon pass the Frontier Iron Works, ported by the Lackawanna Steel Co. 
at the corner of Letchworth st. For for its employees, the Limestone 
a considerable distance the car Hill group of small cemeteries and 
passes thru a district of small dwell- the office of the mayor and other of- 
ings and stores. Further down is the ficials of the little city of Lack"a- 
State Normal School, with its wanna. Leaving the car at S. Park 
grounds extending from York to Jer- av., we can visit St. John Protectory 
sey St., and after passing this we for boys, the orfan asylum of Our 
are quickly down town. Lady of Victory, Holy Cross Ceme- 

EOUTE No. 3.— Take a Steel Plant tery and South Park, all of which 
car at Washington and Clinton sts., are within a few steps of the cor- 
which passes by the rear of the Fed- ner. In the park is an immense con- 
eral Building, on Oak st., then turns servatory, containing a wonderful 
down E. Swan st., goes thru the collection of domestic and tropical 
freight house of the Buffalo & L. plants, and during the summer 
Erie Traction Co. and then climbs months large plantings can be seen 
the long Louisiana st. viaduct over in the open grouna. 
the broad belt of tracks of the Erie Next we take an Abbott or Fill- 
and Central railroads. Continuing more car and get a Cazenovia trans- 
past large boiler works and lumber fer. The ride up S. Park av. gives 
yards, the car skirts the Ohio Basin, us a view of the level South Buf- 
in which freight steamers lie at their falo district of small homes. Chang- 
wharves. The extensive factories of ing cars at Abbott rd, we have a 
the Barcalo Manufacturing Co., short ride out to Cazenovia Park—a 
makers of brass and iron beds, and pleasant spot that is being steadily 
the Eepublic Metal Ware Co. are improved. Leaving the park on the 
seen on the left, while gigantic grain northern side, a short walk brings 
elevators rise above all other strue- us to Seneca st., and we can then 

171 



walk three or four blocks on Buffam 
St. and take a look at the old Indian 
Mission house, standing corner-wise 
to the street, and the site of the In- 
dian cemetery opposit. 

Eeturning to Seneca st., we take a 
Seneca st. car going west and get 
a Fillmore av. transfer, A]3proach- 
ing the Buffalo river, we see, a short 
distance away on the right, the ex- 
tensive Snow Steam Pump Works 
and near it the large packing house 
of the H. A. Kamman Co. After 
crossing the river, we pass near the 
Buffalo Pottery, where high grades of 
ware are turud out, and the great 
hardwood lumber yards of Blakeslee, 
Perrin & Darling and the Buffalo 
Hardwood Lumber Co. 

Changing cars at the corner of 
Pillmore av., we soon pass the Arctic 
.Cold Storage warehouse and the Ni- 
agara Car Wheel Works, on the right, 
and the large packing house of the 
J. Bold Packing Co., on the left, at 
the corner of William st. On the next 
corner sta.nds St. Stanislaus' Catho- 
lic church, raising its beautiful twin 
stone towers high in air, and at 
Broadway the car stops between a 
branch of the Union Stock Yards 
bank, on the left, and the depart- 
ment store of AVeisseman & Eiss, on 
the right. We soon reach Humboldt 
park and ride half around it, lea,ving 
the car where it turns into Fillmore 
av. again. 

After taking a look at the park, 
we come out on the south side and 
take a Best st. car going west, get- 
ting a transfer to any connecting 
line, if desired. Within a few blocks 
we pa,ss the German R. C. Orphan 
Asylum, one block- away on the right, 
the Home of the Good Shepherd, in 
large enclosed grounds on the left, 
the Gerhard Lang brewery and the 
rrospect Eeservoir on the right, the 
65th Eegt. Armory opposit the reser- 
voir and the Masteii Park high school 



in the next block. Turning down 
Elm St., the car takes us past the 
buildings of the Buffalo General Hos- 
pital on Goodrich st. and Higii st. 
and we see also on High st. the brew- 
ery of the Consumers' Brewing Co. 
Further down, Elm st. passes thru 
a district of planing mills, small fac- 
tories and stores. 

Shredded Wheat Co. — There is 
nothing more fascinating than to 
see how things are made, but very 
few manufacturers admit visitors to 
their plants, either from the real or 
fancied danger that the visitor will 
be injured by machinery, will learn 
trade secrets or distract the atten- 
tion or get in the way of employees. 
The Shredded Wheat Co., of Niag- 
ara Falls, however, earns the grati- 
tude of 100,000 visitors a year, by 
receiving them pleasantly and show- 
ing them thru its great cheerful 
factory, from roof to basement. The 
building is of yellow brick, 463 feet 
long, with six floors, and an electric 
sign on the roof proclaims it, in let- 
ters six feet high, ' ' The Home of 
Shredded Wheat. Visitors Welcome." 
There are 1,400 incandescent lights 
in this sign. The location of the 
plant is on Buffalo av., running from 
Fourth to Sixth st., and overlooking 
the Niagara river, just above the 
Rapids. It is less than half a mile 
from the Soldiers' Monument, and 
can be reached by Power Plant cars 
to Sixth st. The total cost of the 
plant and its equipment was two mil- 
lion dollars. 

Visitors are taken thru the build- 
ing by guides, who explain every 
process in the making of the famous 
Shredded Wheat Biscuits, from 
cleansing the grain to nailing up the 
cases by machinery. The liberal pro- 
visions made by the company for the 
health, comfort, and recreation of its 
500 employees are also shown. The 
building is finisht in white enamel 



172 



and hardwood, the windows are 
large, numerous, and double glazed 
and every possible provision for 
light, air^ and cleanliness is made. 
There is an auditorium seating 1,000. 
where free entertainments are given 
to the employees. Charitable socie- 
ties are a.llowd to use it to raise 
funds for their work and conventions 
are sometimes held there. Every day 
2,500 bushels of wheat are used in 
making the natural food products. 
Every day a million and a half 
Shredded Wheat Biscuit are turnd 
out, also more than three hundred 
thousand Triscuit, and the company 
has recently begun making Choconel, 
a cereal food of wheat flavord witli 
chocolate. 

About thirty-five minutes are re- 
quired to go thru the building, and 
after inhaling the aroma from the 
trays of crisp delicately brown bis- 
cuit fresh fronl the ovens, the visitor 
is glad to accept an invitation to a 
dainty demonstration lunch served at 
tables in the reception room on the 
ground floor. All is free. The ma- 
chinery is not in operation between 
12 and 1, so visitors should plan 
to come at other hours. 

Silk Stores, see Miller's Silk Shop. 

Silver Creek is a village on the 
shore of L. Erie, 32 miles southwest 
of Buffalo. Eeached by Lake Shore, 
Pennsylvania or N. Y., Chicago & 
St. Louis railroad; fare 82c., round 
trip $1.55. Also by Buffalo & L. Erie 
electric cars; fare 65c., round trip 
$1.10. 

Sloan is a factory village adjoining 
Buffalo on the east. It is reached by 
the Lackawanna railroad, which has 
car shops here, close to its East Buf- 
falo station; also by Lancaster or 
William st. electric cars. 

Societies. — The number of societies 
in Buffalo organized for social, bene- 
volent, literary, patriotic, commercial 



and other purposes is legion. A very 
satisfactory list will be found in the 
city directory, occupying 29 pages. 

South Park is at the extreme south- 
ern end of the city and is reached 
by Abbott, Jefferson st. or Buffalo 
& L. Erie cars. It contains 155 acres, 
of which about 30 acres is occupied 
by a. lake. This is a comparatively 
new park, and its shade trees are 
not fully grown. Its chief attrac- 
tion is a botanical conservatory con- 
taining a wonderful variety of plants, 
which is well worth visiting. It is 
open Sundays. Part of the park is 
planted also as a. botanical garden. 

Stationery, see Vosburgh & Whiting 
Co. 

Steamboats. — Buffalo is the eastern 
terminal of an immense freight traf- 
fic carrid on by steamers over the 
waters of the great lakes. There are 
also several passenger lines running 
from this city, which afford most 
agreeable routes for reaching Erie, 
Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Sault 
Ste. Marie, Duluth and other lake 
ports during the summer and autum. 
The following are the passenger 
lines: 

CLEVELAND AND BUFFALO 
TRANSIT CO., Ohio and Illinois 
sts. For (Cleveland, daily at 9 p. m. 
For Erie and Cleveland, every other 
day at 3:30 p. m. Ticket offices, at 
305, 289 and 377 Main st. Season 
from June 1st to Dec. 1st. 

DETROIT AND BUFFALO LINE, 
Ohio St., near foot of Main. For De- 
troit, Port Huron, Goderich. Bay 
City, Alpena, Mackinac Island and 
other ports, week days at 6 p. m., 
Sunday and holidays at 5.30 p. m. 
Season from May 1st to November 
1st. 

ERIE AND WESTERN TRANS- 
PORTATION CO. (Anchor Line), 
foot of Evans st. For Erie, Cleve- 
land, Detroit, Port Huron, Sault Ste. 



173 




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< 
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CO 

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174 



Marie, Duluth and other lake ports, 
twice a week during, June July, 
August and September. 

NOETHERN STEAMSHIP CO., 

foot of Main st. For Cleveland, De- 
troit, Mackinac Island, Harbor 
Springs, Milwaukee and Chicago, 
Wednesday at 9 p. m. For Cleve- 
land, Detroit, Mackinac Island, 
Sault Ste. Marie, Houghton and Du- 
luth, Saturday at 9 p. m. Season 
from about June 20th to Sept. 1st. 

Stock Yards, see Live StocV. 

Street Directory. — The following 
list gives the points at which every 
street begins and ends and the di- 



rection in which it runs. If the 
street is over half a mile long, the 
number at the corner of a cross 
street is given about once in half 
a. mile (264 numbers). The end of 
the street named first is always 
the one at which the numbering 
begins. The word ''street^' is 
omitted from all names; other 
designations are abbreviated as fol- 
lows, but never omitted: av. for 
avenue, sq. for square, pky. for park- 
way, bvd. for boulevard, rd. for 
road, pi. for place and al. for alley. 
This list is abridged from the 
Buffalo Directory by permission of 
The Courier Company. 



A, east from 1013 Fillmore 

av. to 256 Mills. 
Abbotsford Place, north 
from 414 Bird av. to 411 
Forest av. 
Abbott Road, south-east 
from 585 Elk to city line. 
223 Smith. 
569 Abby. 
790 Bailey av. 
955 South Park av. 
1364 Cazenovia. 
1457 Potters Corners rd. 
1794 Gushing. 
1990 Dorrance av. 
Abby, north from 594 Tifft 
to 569 Abbott rd. 
248 Beacon. 
407 Abbott rd. 
Abel Avenue, north from 
Griswold to 339 Dingens. 
Ada Place, north from 14 
Lyth av., west of Jeffer- 
son. 
Adams, north from 642 
Eagle to 689 Genesee. 
277 Peckham. 
510 Sycamore. 
Addison Alley, east from 

215 Bond to 236 Lord. 
Adeptus Ayenue, east from 
3381 Bailey av. to Eg- 
gert rd. 
Agassiz Place, W. Humboldt 

pky. and Parkside av. 
Alabama, north from Buf- 
falo river to 481 Seneca. 
261 Elk. 
500 Seneca. 



Alamo Place, north from 

213 Triangle to 881 Ab- 
bott rd. 
Alaska Alley, south from 43 

E. Chippewa to Seward al. 
Albany, east from Erie canal 

to 230 Hampshire. 
238 Hampshire. 
Albermarle, north-west from 

28 Doyle av. to 386 

O'Neil 
Albert Avenue, north-west 

from 271 Ontario to 184 

Rano. 
Alden Avenue, north from 

120 Chaucer to 680 Ken- 
more av. 
Aldrich Place, east from 27 

South Park av. to South 

Side pky. 
Alexander Place, north from 

240 E. Ferry to Lyth av. 
Algonquin, east from 2261 

Delaware av. to Fairchild 

Pl. 
Allegany, north from Tifft 

to Folger. 
Allen, west from 940 Main 

to 1 Wadsworth. 
262 Day's Park. 
Alsace Avenue, south-west 

from 1300 Abbott rd. to 

524 South Side pky. 
Alton Avenue, north from 

988 Hertel av. to 60 Olive. 
Altruria, west from 729 

South Park av. 
Alvin Avenue, east from 

3100 Main to city line. 
375 Bailey av. 

175 



Alwin, east from 51 Durren- 

berger pl. to Johnson. 
Amber, west from 661 South 
Park av. to 262 Hopkins. 
Amelia, east from 264 Abby 

to 388 Germania. 
Amherst, east from Erie 
canal, at Black Rock, to 
Kensington av. 
278 Military rd. 
504 Bush. 
698 Elmwood av. 
988 Delaware av. 
1302 Colvin. 
1530 Summit av. 
1788 Main. 
2170 Clyde. 
2229 Park Ridge av. 
2559 Kensington av. 
Amity, east from 20 Quincy 

av. to Deshler. 
Amos Place, south from 

1553 Kenmore av. 
Am.sterdam Avenue, north 
from 694 E. Delavan av. 
Anderson Alley, west from 

Emslie to Grosvenor. 
Anderson Place, east from 
355 Richmond av. to 28 
Atlantic. 

245 Atlantic. 
Angle, north from 217 Mer- 

rimac to 280 Heath. 
Ann, west from 200 Ter- 
race to Stevens. 
Ansteth, west from 501 Mil- 
itary rd. to N. Y. Central 
tracks. 
Antwerp, east from 2081 
Bailey av. to 22 Warring. 



Appenheimer Avenue, east 
from 1809 Fillmore av. to 
145 Chelsea pi. 

Archer Avenue, north-east 
from 1571 Seneca to 44 
Littell. 

Argus, north from 267 Es- 
ser av. to 255 O'Neil. 

Argyl© Park, north from 631 
Delavan av. to Potomac 
av. 

Arizona, west from 418 Mil- 
itary rd. to N. Y. Central 
tracks. 

Arkansas, east from 887 
West av. to 318 Hamp- 
shire. 

Arlington Place, north from 
65 Wadsworth to 294 
North, and east to 150 
College. 

Armbruster, south from 
1567 Broadway to N. Y. 
Central junction. 

Armin Place, north from 
1874 Seneca. 

Arnold, east from 79 Grant 
to 21 Hoyt. 

Arsenal Place (formerly 
Gay), east from 487 
Michigan to 34 Potter. 

Arthur, east from 2158 Ni- 
agara to 608 Tonawanda. 

Asbury Alley, north from 43 
W. Huron to rear of 460 
Pearl. 

Ash, north from 272 Broad- 
way to 257 Genesee. 

Ashland Avenue, north from 
273 Summer to 541 W. 
Delavan av. 
231 W. Utica. 

500 Auburn a v. 
617 Delavan av. 

Ashley, east from 435 Cur- 
tiss to 10 Deshler. 
272 Deshler. 

Athol, north-east from 951 
Abbott rd. to Cazenovia 
creek. 

Atlantic, north from 155 W. 
Utica to 97 Lexington av. 

Auburn Avenue, east from 
Erie canal to 1244 Dela- 
ware av. 
270 Grant. 

501 Richmond av. 
629 Elmwood av. 
864 Delaware av. 

Auchinvole, east from 169 
Herkimer to 140 Grant. 

Audubon Place, junction of 
Virgil av. 

Augusta, south from 109 
Downing to 36 Hulbert. 



Aurora, west from 475 Ohio 

to Buffalo river. 
Austin, east from Erie canal 

to 168 Military rd. 
175 Tonawanda. 
360 Military rd. 
Avery Avenue, west from 

2535 Delaware av. 
Avon Place, north-east from 

1695 Seneca to Buffalo 

river. 
Avondale Place, north-east 

from 1735 Seneca to Buf- 
falo creek. 

B, east from 967 Fillmore 

av. to 225 Mills. 
Babcock, north from 336 
Prenatt to 1161 William. 
225 Seneca. 
451 Clinton. 
653 Howard. 
817 William. 
Bailey Avenue, north from 
790 Abbott rd. to city 
line. 

255 Buffalo creek. 
622 Clinton. 
781 Cherokee pi. 
1118 William. 
1299 Lovejoy. 
1559 Broadway. 
1711 West Shore. 
2029 Doat. 
2208 E. Ferry. 
2496 E. Delavan av. 
2780 Warwick av. 
3046 Kensington av. 
3243 E. Hertel av. 
3472 City line. 
Baitz Avenue, north from 
118 Dorothy av. to 80 
Manitoba. 
Baker, east from Ann to 

Erie canal. 
Balcom, west from 1630 
Main to 557 Linwood av. 
Balcom, east from 1631 

Main to 49 Masten. 
Baltic Place, east from 9 

Bond to Lord. 
Bank, The, Front av. and 

Massachusetts av. 
Bank Place, north-west from 
55 Jordan pi. to Buffalo 
creek. 
Baraga, east from Buffalo 
Southern Ry. to Hopkins. 
335 Hopkins. 
Barcher Place, east from 
239 Englewood to 128 
Montrose av. 
Bardol, east from 58 E. 

Parade av. to Kehr. 
Barker, west from 1210 
Main to 829 Delaware av. 

176 



Barnard, north from Buf- 
falo creek to 70 Griswold. 
131 Casimir. 
356 Griswold. 

Barnett Place, west from 
2414 Bailey av. to D., L. 
& W. tracks., 

Barry Place, north from 282 
Bird av. to 279 Forest av. 

Barthel, north from 235 
Walden av. to 311 Urban. 

Barton, north from 178 Al- 
bany to 112 Lafayette av. 
261 Lafayette av. 

Bass Place, west from 46 
Emslie to N. Y. Central 
tracks. 

Baxter, north from 150 Es- 
ser av. to 148 O'Neil. 

Bayard, east from Babcock 
to Lester. 

Baynes, north from 400 W. 
Ferry to 380 Forest av. 
239 Delavan av. 
445 Forest av. 

Beacon, east from Buffalo 
Southern Ry. to Hopkins. 
350 Hopkins. 

Beale, south from Waldron 
to Densmore. 

Bean Alley, north from 73 
W. Mohawk to 64 W. 
Huron. 

Beard Avenue, east from 31 
Starin av. to Parker av. 
then north from 66 Par- 
ker av. to 1030 Hertel av. 
128 Parker av. 
257 Depew av. 
380 Hertel av. 

Beatrice Avenue, north from 
458 Ontario to 264 Esser. 

Beaver, north from 38 Perry 
to 37 Scott. 

Beck, north from 1012 
Broadway to 47 Stanis- 
laus. 

Becker, west from 35 Abby 
to South Buffalo Ry. 

Beckwith, east from 461 
Sycamore to 478 Adams. 

Beech, north from 970 Vir- 
ginia to 381 Carlton. 

Behrends, west from 527 
Military rd. to N. Y. Cen- 
tral tracks. 

Bell, east from Buffalo 
Southern Ry. to Hopkins. 
335 Hopkins. 

Belmont, north-west from 
59 Doyle av. to 435 
O'Neil. 

Benders Avenue, south from 
1025 Clinton. 



Bennett, north from 146 

William to 271 Broadway. 

Bennett, East. See East 

Bennett. 
Bennett, West. See West 

Bennett. 
Benzinger, north from 1618 
William to 1836 Broad- 
way. 

278 Vanderbilt. 
450 King. 
Berea, east from Bailey av. 

to Suffolk. 
Bergtold, east from 50 Laux 

to 509 Babcock. 
Berkley Place, north from 
798 Bird av. to Delaware 
Park. 
Berlin, north from 460 High 
to 414 Northampton. 
258 Northampton. 
Berrick Alley, north from 
142 Seneca to 171 Swan. 
Bertha, north from 640 Ab- 
bott road to Buffalo creek. 
Best, east from 1119 Main 
to 1132 Genesee. 
225 Hasten. 
513 Roehrer. 
780 Fillmore av. 
Beyer Place, south-east 
from Cazenovia Pk. to 
Wildwood pi. 
Bidwell Parkway, north-east 
from Colonial place to 
Soldiers' pi. 

233 Soldiers' pi. 
Bidwell Place (changed to 

Colonial place). 
Bills Place, south from E. 

Delavan av. 
Bingham, east from Erie 

canal to 156 Church. 
Bird Avenue, east from Erie 
canal to 1538 Delaware 
av. 

247 Grant. 
520 N. Norwood av. 
726 Windsor av. 
835 Delaware av. 
Birdsall, north-east from 62 
Mechanic to 128 Church. 
Bismarck, east from 526 
New South Ogden to city 
line. 
Bissell Avenue, north from 
341 Walden av. to 1100 
E. Ferry. 

391 E. Ferry. 
Blaine, east from 1776 Jef- 
ferson to 53 Oak Grove 
av., then south to 304 
E. Delavan av. 

SOO Oak Grove av. 



Blake, north from 1917 
Genesee to Scajaquada 
creek. 

Blanche Place, south from 
1652 Kenmore av. to 
Ramsdell av. 

Bleeker Avenue, north-west 
from 270 Rano. 

Bliss Alley, east from Oak 
to Elm. 

Block, from N. Y., L. E. & 
W. tracks to Sattler. 

Bloomfield Avenue, east 
from 665 South Park av. 
to 476 South Side Pky. 

Blossom, north from 54 
Broadway to 59 E. Huron. 

Blum Avenue, east from 
814 Military rd. to 205 
Clayton. 

Bogardus, east from 1296 
Bailey av. to 145 Greene. 

Boiler, west from 70 Abby 
to South Buffalo Ry. 

Bolton Place, south-west 
from 152 Abbott rd. 

Bond, north from 180 Sey- 
mour to 177 Howard. 
27 S. Division. 
231 Howard. 

Boone, north from 31 Pem- 
bina. 

Booth Alley, east from 297 
Washington to 12 Hick- 
ory. 

Bowden, east from Bailey 
av. to Eggert. 

Box Avenue, east from 1387 
Fillmore av. to 275 Mo- 
selle. 

181 Kehr. 
395 Moselle. 

Boyd, east from 128 Grant 
to 75 Preston. 

Brace, east from Erie canal 
to 1348 Niagara. 

Bradford, north from 1156 
Elk to 1301 Seneca. 

Bradley, east from 466 De- 
witt to 71 Rees. 

Brantford Place, north from 
670 W. Delavan av. to 
670 Potomac av. 

Brayton, north from 413 
Vermont to 398 Massa- 
chusetts. 

Breckenridge, east from 
Erie canal to 720 Elm- 
wood av. 
293 Grant. 
521 Richmond av. 
651 Elmwood av. 

Bremen, north from 378 
Vermont to 387 Rhode 
Island. 



Brewster, east (from 115 
Halbert to 2180 Fillmore 
av. 
Bridge, east from Erie canal 

to 1796 Niagara. 
Bridgeman, north from 580 
Amherst to Belt Line 
tracks. 
Briggs Avenue, east from 
2413 Niagara to 837 Ton- 
awanda. 
Brighton Avenue, south from 
1189 Broadway to West 
Shore R. R. 
Brinkman. north from 119 
West Shore av. to 233 
Doat. 

124 Walden av. 
300 Doat. 
Brinton, west from 215 En- 
glewood av, to 12 Crosby 
pl. 
Briscoe Avenue, north from 
900 Walden av. to 477 
Doat. 
Bristol, east from 205 
Spring to 278 Jefferson 
and from 195 Emslie to 
68 Clare. 
199 Emslie. 
415 Clare. 
Broadway, east from 447 
Main to city line. 
271 Bennett. 
535 .Jefferson. 
"^35 Sherman. 
1017 Lombard. 
1225 Curtiss. 
1513 Deshler. 
1765 Greene. 
2045 City line. 
Bronson, north from 1508 
Hertel av. to Taunton pl. 
Brooklyn Avenue, north 
from 395 E. Utica to 46 
Winslow av. 
Brown, east from 735 Jef- 
ferson to 594 Adams. 
Brownell, north from 81 
Amity to 1477 Broadway. 
Bruce, north from 32 Flow- 
er to 80 Englewood av. 
Brunck, east from Buffalo, 
Rochester & Pittsburg R. 
R. to 286 Abby. 
Brunck Alley, south from 9 
and north from 8 E. Mo- 
hawk. 
Bryant, west from 1288 
Main to 241 Richmond av. 
265 Elmwood av. 
398 Richmond av. 
Bryson, north from 198 Cur- 
tiss to Lovejoy. , 



177 



Buell Avenue, east from 525 

Humboldt pky. to 1709 

Fillmore av. 
Buffalo, north from 46 Good 

av. to 773 Abbott rd. 
/ Buff am, north from 2215 

Seneca to Fields av. 
Bull, north-east from 1411 

West av. to 481 Dewitt. 
Burch Avenue, north from 

Seneca near city line. 
Burgard, north from 562 

Walden av. to 161 Doat. 
Burrell, north from 253 

Curtiss to Newton. 
Burrows, east from 66 Abby 

to 411 Hopkins. 
Burt, east from 96 Abby to 

435 Hopkins. 
Burt Alley, west from Pearl 

to Franklin, north of 

Court. 
Burtis Avenue, north from 

759 Abbott rd. to 25 

Oliver. 
Burton, east from 819 Main 

to 78 Maple. 
Burwell Place, north from 

48 Perry to 49 Scott. 
Bush, north from Scaj aqua- 
da creek to 116 Grote. 
Bushnell Avenue, north 

from 20 Dorothy av. 
Butler Place, north from 

198 Seneca to 15 Myrtle. 

C, east from 947 Fillmore 
av. to 192 Mills. 

Cable, north from Buffalo 
creek to 46 Griswold. 
135 Casimir. 
359 Griswold. 

Calais, south from 1000 
Kensington av. and north 
from E. Hertel av. to 
291 Lisbon. 

Caldwell Alley, north from 
114 Wilkeson to 169 
Georgia. 

California, east from 859 
West av. to 24 Herkimer. 

Calumet Place, north from 
126 Grace to 120 Gar- 
field. 

Cambria, north from 405 
Dingens to William. 

Cambridge Avenue, north 
from 1112 E. Ferry to 
Cambridge pi. 

286 E. Delavan av. 
564 Warwick a v. 

Cambridge Place, east from 
643 Wyoming to Cam- 
bridge av. 

Camden Avenue, north from 
950 Hertel av. to Comet. 

Camp, north from 424 Syc- 
amore to 519 Genesee. 



Campbell Avenue, north 
from 212 St. Lawrence 
av. to 916 Kenmore av. 
Canal, north-west from 100 

Main to 164 Erie. 
Canton, south from 111 

Dewey av, 
Carl, north from 975 E. 
Ferry to 801 E. Delavan 
av. 
Carlton, east from 909 Main 
to 740 Genesee. 
253 Lemon. 
529 Genesee. 
Carlyle Avenue, east from 
1858 Abbott rd. to city 
line. 
Carolina, north-east from 
Erie canal to 168 W. 
Tupper. 

189 Prospect av. 
325 Tupper. 
Carroll, east from 205 
Washington to 65 Griffin. 
243 Chicago. 
545 Jefferson. 
781 Griffin. 
Carter, east from 20 Hop- 
kins to South Park av. 
Cary, west from 210 Dela- 
ware av. 
Case Place, south from Be- 

rea to Westminster. 
Casimir, east from 60 Gor- 
ski to 272 S. Ogden. 
Ill Barnard. 
213 South Ogden. 
Cassy, south from 1059 Wil- 
liam to lot 58. 
Castle Place, north from 
580 Kensington av. to 
Leroy av. 
Castor Alley, north from 
298 William to 427 
Broadway. 
Cayuga, east from 885 Jef- 
ferson to 300 Grey. 
Cazenovia, north-east from 
1358 Abbott rd. to 2190 
Seneca. 

57 Cumberland av. 
222 Seneca. 
Cazenovia Parkway, south- 
«vest from Cazenovia Park 
to South Side pky. 
Cecil, north from 118 Olive 

to Erie Ry. tracks. 
Cedar, north from 348 Swan 
to 305 Broadway. 
127 Clinton. 
313 Broadway. 
Celtic Place, north from 511 
E. Utica to 500 Glenwood 
av. 
Cement, east from Range av. 
to Quarry. 



Centre, north from 120 Sen- 
eca to 101 Swan. 
Central Avenue, north from 

1404 William to Trestle. 
Chadduck Avenue, east from 

999 Tonawanda to 87 

Walter pi. 
Chain Alley, north from 254 

Amherst. 
Champlin, north-east from 

493 Spring to 212 Morti- 
mer. 
Chandler, east from 235 

Military rd. to N. Y. Cen- 
tral R. R. 

225 Bridgeman. 
Chapin Parkway, north-west 

from Gates Circle to 

Soldiers' pi. 
Charles, east from Erie 

canal to 188 Terrace. 
Charlotte Avenue, east from 

2194 Fillmore av. to 25 

Hill. 
Chaucer, west from 10 Cros- 
by pi. to Alden av. 
Chauncey, east from 1180 

Bailey av. 
Chelsea Place, north from 

821 E. Ferry to 627 E. 

Delavan av. 

255 E. Delavan av. 
Chenango, north-west from 

451 W. Utica to 399 W. 

Ferry. 
Cherokee Place, south-east 

from 781 Bailey av. 
Cherry, north-east from 727 

Michigan to 955 Virginia. 
88 Goodell. 
315 Virginia. 
Chester, north from 178 

Glenwood av. to 41 North- 
land av. 

244 Northland av. 
Chestnut, north from 224 

Swan to 227 N. Division. 
Chicago, north from Buffalo 

river to 267 Swan. \ 
251 Scott. 
443 Swan. 
Chippewa, east from 587 

Main to 102 Genesee. 
Chippewa, west from 590 

Main to 244 Georgia. 
Choate Avenue, south-west 

from 1413 Abbott rd. to 

South Side pky. and west 

to 695 South Park av. 
308 South Side pky. 
Church, west from 312 

Main to Erie canal. 
Churchill, north from 228 

Amherst to 253 Austin. 
Cincinnati, south-west from 

257 Ohio to Buffalo river, 



178 



Circle, junction North, 
Wadsworth, Fourteenth, 
and Pennsylvania sts., 
and Porter and Richmond 
avs. 

Clare^ north from 916 Eagle 
to 347 Howard. 

Clarence, north from 842 
Kensington av. to 2200 
Amherst. 

Clarendon Place, north from 
766 Bird av. to Delaware 
Park. 

Clarke, north from 88 Cur- 
tiss to 1035 Broadway. 
263 Broadway. 

Clay, north from 36 Mili- 
tary rd. to 289 Austin. 

Clayton, north from 46 
Race to Ritt av. 
232 Ritt av. 

Clement Place, east from 
90 Gillette av. to Belt 
Line tracks, 

Clemo, north from 1094 
Clinton to 96 Fleming. 

Cleveland Avenue, west from 
1214 Delaware av. to 746 
Elmwood av. 

216 Elmwood av. 

Cliff, north from 1724 Clin- 
ton to Lehigh tracks. 

Clifford, east from 375 
Smith to 110 Selkirk. 

Clinton, east from 411 Main 
to east line of city. 
273 Pine. 
545 Jefferson. 
777 Lord. 
1000 Metcalfe. 
1250 Bushnell av. 
1525 Bailey av. 
1724 Cliff. 
2009 S. Ogden. 

Clio Avenue, south-west 
from 406 Abbott rd. to 
752 South Side pky. 

Clover Avenue, west from 
2430 Delaware av. to 
Camden. 

Clyde Avenue, north from 
826 Kensington av. to 
2172 Amherst. 
213 Amherst. 

Coatsworth Alley, east from 
17 Hayward to 272 Ham- 
burgh. 

Cobb Alley, north-east from 
Jersey to Porter av. 

Coburg, north from 36 St. 
Lawrence av. to 730 Ken- 
more av. 

Cochrane, north from 2060 
Clinton to 228 Griswold. 

Codlin Alley, north from 
665 Virginia to 98 Carl- 
ton, 



Coe Place, east from 1215 
Main to 1044 Ellicott. 

Coit, north from 292 How- 
ard to 843 Broadway. 
298 Broadway. 

Coleman Alley, south from 
Vine, between Michigan 
and Elm. 

Colfax Avenue, east from 
591 Grider to 590 Wyo- 
ming av. 

Colgate, east from South 
Park av. to 91 Hopkins. 

Collaton, east from 2287 
Niagara to 23 Fuller. 

College, north from 25 Cot- 
tage to 260 North. 

College Place, north from 40 
Johnson's Park. 

Colonial Place, junction 
Richmond av., Lafayette 
and Bidwell pky. 

Colorado Avenue, north from 
1667 Genesee to 1207 E. 
Ferry. 

Colton, west from Erie 
canal to Lake Erie (op- 
posit Pennsylvania.) 

Columbia, north from 137 
Perry to 129 Scott. 

Columbus Avenue, east from 
563 South Park av. to 
1269 Abbott rd. 

Colvin (Niagara Falls Boul- 
evard), north from 1302 
Amherst to Kenmore av. 
273 Hertel av. 
509 Taunton. 

Comet, west from 56 Cam- 
den to 175 Olive. 

Commercial, north-east from 
Buffalo river to 8 Ter- 
race. 

Como Avenue, east from 
512 South Park av. to 
1166 Abbott rd. 

Com.stock Avenue, north 
from 1004 Kensington av. 
to 2343 Amherst. 

Concord, west from 360 Cur- 
tiss to Houghton. 

Condon Avenue, north from 
150 Crowley avenue to 
180 O'Neil. 
235 O'Neil. 

Congress, north from 36 
Auchinvole to 231 Poto- 
mac av. 

225 Potomac av. 

Connecticut, north-east from 
656 Front av. to 222 
Richmond av. 
239 Fargo av. 
524 Richmond av. 

Connelly, east from 260 
Olympic av. to 2766 Bai- 
ley av. 

179 



Copeland Place, north-west 
from Hunt av. to 180 On- 
tario. 

Copsewood Avenue, south 
from 1023 Kensington av. 

Cordage, between Bird av. 
and Pooley pi. 

Cordova Avenue, north from 
115 LaSalle av. to 89 
Lisbon. 

Cornelia, north-east from 
530 Smith crossing at 
895 N. Division to inner 
lot. 

Cornell, north from D., L. 
& W. R. R. to 68 Engle- 
wood av. 

Cornwall Avenue, north 
from 1124 E. Ferry to 
186 "Warwick av. 
281 E. Delavan av. 
555 Warwick av. 

Coronado. west from 629 
South Park av. 

Cottage, north-west from 
370 Virginia to 297 Hud- 
son. 

Coulson, west from 558 Mil- 
itary rd. to N. Y. Central 
R. R. tracks. 

Countess Avenue, north from 
422 Doat to 40 Hemen- 
way. 

Court, west from 428 Main 
to Erie canal. 

215 Front avenue. 
339 Georgia. 

Court Place, south from 220 
Court to 124 Jackson. 

Courtland, north from 1346 
E. Delavan av. to 178 
Sugar. 

229 Sugar. 

Crescent Avenue, north-west 
from 130 Humboldt pky. 
to 72 Colvin. 
303 Jewett av. 
475 Amherst. 
817 Colvin. 

Crosby Place, north from 
218 Brinton to 555 Ken- 
more av. 

Crowley Avenue, east from 
2501 Niagara to 322 On- 
tario. 

252 Ontario. 

Crystal Avenue, west from 
495 South Park av. to in- 
ner lot. 

CurnbcrJard Avenue, north- 
west from 57 Cazenovia 
to 60 Mumford. 
238 Melrose. 

Cunard, north from 1534 
Hertel av. to Taunton pi. 



Curtiss, north from 772 
William to 1225 Broad- 
way, 

296 Lovejoy. 
474 Broadway. 

Gushing Place, east from 
1890 Abbp-tt rd. to On- 
ondaga av. 

Custer, west from 3130 
Main to Erie tracks. 

Cutter Place, north-west 
from 108 Jordan pi. to 
Buffalo creek. 

Cypress, north-east from 
571 Michigan to 318 Pine. 

Daisy Place, north from 
360 Florida to 310 E. 
Delavan av. 

Dakota Avenue, east from 
2293 Delaware av. to 70 
Fairchild pi. 

Danforth, north from 158 
Forest av. to 25 Bradley. 

Dann, north from foot of 
Amherst to foot of Ham- 
ilton. 

Danube, north from 1575 
Genesee to 1123 E. Ferry. 

Darien, north from Rams- 
dell av. to 1454 Kenmore 
av. 

Darrow Alley, west from 
Ellicott near Eagle. 

Dart, north from 188 For- 
est av. to Scajaquada 
creek. 

•Dash, south from 906 Ab- 
bott rd. to 30 Macamley. 

Davenport Alley, south-east 
from 100 Canal to 26 Fly, 

Davey, north from 1678 
William to 1912 Broad- 
way. 

280 Vanderbilt. 
482 Broadway. 

Davis, north-west from 702 
Jefferson to 551 Gene- 
see. 

Day's Park, north-east from 
109 Cottage to 256 Allen. 

Dearborn, north from 44 
Tonawanda to 49 Hertel. 
195 Amherst. 
445 Hertel av. 

Decker, west from 2718 
Bailey av, to 229 Olym- 
pic av. 

Deer, north from 378 Her- 
tel av. to 50 Gladstone. 

Deerfield Avenue, north 
from 810 E. Delavan av. 
to 700 Kensington av. 
241 Pembroke av. 
363 Kensington av. 

Delavan Avenue, East, from 

1851 Main to city line. 

272 Oak Grove ay. 



473 Fillmore av. 
749 Grider. 
1010 Norfolk av. 
1290 Newburgh av, 
1555 East End av. 
Delavan Avenue, West, east 
from Black Rock harbor 
to 1850 Main. 
247 Grant. 
501 N. Norwood av. 
785 Chapin pky. 
993 Harvard pi. 
Delaware Avenue, north 
from 223 Terrace to city 
line. 

227 W. Chippewa, 
553 Allen. 
748 Summer. 
999 W. Utica, 
1242 Auburn av. 
1474 Potomac av. 
1645 Delaware Park. 
2069 Amherst. 
2259 Algonquin. 
2475 Tacoma av. 
2728 Kenmore av. 
Demond Place, north from 
116 E. Tupper to 675 Vir- 
ginia. 
Dempster, east from 1177 
Bailey av. to 50 Greene. 
Densmore, east from 1830 
Abbott rd. to Onondaga 
av. 
Denver, west from 445 Mili- 
tary rd. to N. Y. Central 
R. R. tracks. 
Depew Avenue, east from 
136 Linden avenue to 
2815 Main. 

279 Parker av. 
400 Main. 
Depot, south from 1067 

William to lot No. 58. 
DeRutte, north from 414 
Virginia to rear of 57 
Elmwood av. 
Deseronto Avenue, north 
from 228 Linden av. to 
Taunton. 

250 Tacoma. 
Deshler, north from 105 
Amity to 1513 Broadway. 
Detroit, north from 318 
Howard to 875 Broadway. 
223 Lovejoy. 
Devereaux, north-east from 
170 Englewood av. to 70 
Montrose av. 
Devonshire, east from South 
Park av. to South Side 
pky. 
Dewey Avenue, east from 
■ 2270 Main to Kensington 
av. 

214 Fillmore av. 
439 Kensington av. 

180 



Dewitt, north from 116 
Breckenridge to Scaja- 
quada creek. 

251 Potomac av. 
490 Bull. 

Dexter Place, east from 
1505 Jefferson. 

Diamond Avenue, east from 
Abbott rd. to city line. 

Dickens Alley, east from 
259 Washington to 18 El- 
licott. 

Dillon, east from 60 Fill- 
more av. 

Dingens, east from 800 Bai- 
ley av, to city line. 
191 Weiss. 
405 Cambria. 

Dismonda, north from Hill- 
side to Junior, 

Doat, east from 1625 Gen- 
esee to city line. 
247 Sumner a v. 
520 Stewart. 

Dock, south from 32 Water 
to Buffalo river. 

Dodge, east from 1177 Main 
to 65 W. Parade av, 
207 Masten, 
519 Wohlers av. 

Dold Place, south from 
Whitfield av, to 114 
Woodside av. 

Dole, north from 1238 Elk 
to 1359 Seneca. 

Domedian Avenue, north 
from 146 Hemenway to 
2207 Genesee, 

Dorchester Bead, north-west 
from 115 Bidwell pky. to 
Baynes. 

Dorland Avenue, north from 
Mineral Spring rd. to 
Buffalo river. 

Dorothy, south-east from 
335 Babcock to Hubbard. 
204 Hubbard. 

Dorrance Avenue, east from 
South Park av. to Onon- 
daga av. 

Douglas Alley, east from 23 
Ellicott to Centre. 

Dover, west from 412 Cur- 
tiss to Brighton. 

Downing, east from 1045 
South Park av. to 1888 
Abbott rd. 

218 South Side pky. 
463 Abbott rd. 

Doyle Avenue, east from 
166 Skillen to Kenmore 
av. 

Dryden Avenue, north from 
88 Chaucer to 640 Ken- 
more av. 

Duerstein, north-east from 
2330 Seneca to city line. 



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181 



Duluth Avenu6, north from 

180 St. Lawrence av. to 

886 Kenmore av. 
Dunbar, east from Buffalo 

river to 26 Pomeroy. 
Duncan, north from 1264 

Elk. 
Dundee, east from 1765 Ab- 
bott rd. to Onondaga av. 
Dunston Avenue, east from 

82 Skillen to Kenmore av. 
Dupont, north from 342 E. 

LJtica to 303 E. Ferry. 
Durham Avenue, north from 

780 E. Delavan av. to 

Sussex. 
Durrenberger Place, north 

from 492 High to 479 

Best. 
Dutton Avenue, north from 

905 E. Ferry to 655 E. 

Delavan av. 

155 Northland av. 
Dyer, from 521 Abbott rd. 

to D., L. & W. R. R. 

tracks. 
Eagle, East, east from 377 

Main to 176 Fillmore av. 
281 Pine. 
565 Jefferson. 
743 Bond. 
956 Fillmore av. 
Eagle, West, from 368 Main 

to 269 Terrace. 
Eaglewood Avenue, south- 
west from 1190 Abbott 

rd. to 643 South Side 

pky- 

Earl Place, north from 426 
High to Best. 

East, north-west from 65 
Wayne to 61 Arthur. 
257 Austin. 
487 Arthur. 

East Bennett, north from 
322 Clinton to 159 Wil- 
liam. 

East Delavan Avenue, see 
Delavan av., East. 

East End Avenue, (east city 
line), north from Gene- 
see to East Delavan av. 

East Ferry, see Ferry, East. 

East Grenesee, see Genesee, 
East. 

East Hertel Avenue, east 
from Range av. to Bailey 
av. 

380 Quarry. 
526 Bailey av. 

East Huron, see Huron, 
East. 

East Market, north from 
138 Elk to Hamburgh 
canal. 

East Mohawk, see Mohawk, 
East. 



East North, see North, East. 

East Oakwood Place, see 
Oakwood pi., East. 

East Parade Avenue, north 
from 1186 Genesee to 
Fougeron, and from Box 
av. to Glenwood av. 

East Parade Circle, north- 
west from 30 Walden av. 
to East Parade av. 

East Seneca, see Seneca. 

East Swan, see Swan. 

East Tupper, see Tupper, 
East. 

East Utica, see Utica, East. 

Eastwood Place, east from 
2030 Main to 260 Hum- 
boldt pky. 

Eaton, east from 1283 Mich- 
igan to 1246 Jefferson. 
221 Jefferson. 

Eckhert, north from 205 
Esser av. to 186 O'Neil. 

Edgewood Avenue, south- 
west from 1280 Abbott 
rd. to 532 South Side 
pky. 

Edison, north from 1470 E. 
Delavan av. to Sugar. 

Edmunds, east from Buffalo 
Southern Ry. to Hopkins. 
270 Germania. 

Edna Place, east from 931 
Ellicott to 90 Masten. 

Edson, east from 2368 Sen- 
eca to city line. 

Edward, west from 776 
Main to 357 Virginia. 

Edwin Place, north from 154 
E Tupper to 159 Good- 
ell. 

Efner, north-west from 100 
Georgia to 46 Hudson. 

Eggert, north, north-west 
and north from 387 Sugar 
to city line. 

507 Kensington av. 
694 Rounds av. 

Ehle, east from 90 Liddell 
to 90 Wick. 

Eighteenth, north-west from 
135 Rhode Island to 385 
Hampshire. 
Elam Place, west from 39 
Greenfield to 336 Cres- 
cent av. 
Eley Place, north-east from 
116 Englewood av. to 20 
Montrose av. 
Elgas, north from Zinns av. 

to 286 O'Neil. 
Elizabeth, crosses S. Divis- 
ion at Smith. 
Elk, east from 73 Ohio to 
1627 Seneca. 
205 Chicago. 
497 Sidway. 

182 



765 Euclid pi. 
996 Walter. 
1228 Dole. 
1490 Seneca. 
EUer Avenue, north from 
152 Hemenway to 2235 
Genesee. 
Ellicott, north from 60 Ex- 
change to 40 Riley. 
269 Broadway. 
531 E. Tupper. 
743 Carlton. 
1015 Dodge. 
Elm, north from 124 Swan 
to 117 Best, 
269 Sycamore. 
485 Goodell. 
771 East North. 
Elmer Avenue, north from 
940 Kensington av. to 
2286 Amherst. 
Elmwood Avenue, north from 
392 Virginia to 1622 Ken- 
more av. 

279 Summer. 
517 W. Utica. 
743 Cleveland av. 
988 Potomac av. 
1125 Forest av. 
1600 Amherst. 
1854 Hertel av. 
2185 Hinman av. 
2250 Kenmore av. 
Elsie Place, east from 235 
Purdy to 50 Alexander pi. 
Emerson, west from 275 
Englewood av. to 68 Cros- 
by pi. 
Emerson Place, east from 
1457 Michigan to 396 
Masten. 
Emma, south from Rano to 

Juliet. 
Empire, east from 80 Miller 

av. to 70 Koons av. 
Em.slie, north from 738 Sen- 
eca to 679 Broadway. 
249 Howard. 
527 Broadway. 
Englewood Avenue, north- 
west from 3276 Main to 
city line. 

240 Nicholson av. 
Ensign, east from 150 Kath- 
arine to Buffalo river. 
Erb, north from 2335 Gen- 
esee to 1524 E. Delavan 
av. 
Ericson, south from 1190 E. 
Delavan av. to Lang av. 
Erie, south-west from 308 
Main to 134 Water. 
270 Water. 
Esser Avenue, east from 
2525 Niagara to 125 Skil- 
len. 

265 Beatrice. 



Essex, north from 530 

Rhode Island to 511 

Massachusetts. 
Euclid Place, south from 

765 Elk to 170 Abbott rd. 
Eugene, north from D., L. 

& W. R. R. tracks to 

1500 Kenmore av. 
Eureka Place, north from 

338 Sycamore to 431 

Genesee. 
Evadene, north-east from 

145 Englewood av. to 45 

Montrose av. 
Evans, north-east from 69 

Water to 82 Terrace. 
Evelyn, south-east from 335 

Esser av. to N. Y. C. R. 

R. tracks. 
Exchange, east from 177 

Main to 987 Seneca. 
281 Chicago. 
557 Hamburg. 
794 Hydraulic. 
1007 Seneca. 
Exeter Avenue, north from 

1285 Hertel av. to Taun- 
ton pi. 

130 Tacoma av. 
Express, west from 222 

Pearl to 121 Franklin. 

Fairchild Place, north from 
Algonquin to 1185 Her- 
tel av. 
Fairfield, north-west from 
2500 Main to 1700 Am- 
herst. 
Fairview Place, north from 

2325 Seneca. 
Fargo Avenue, north-west 
from 234 Hudson to 1075 
Niagara. ^ 

263 Connecticut. '* 
467 Massachusetts. 
Farmer, east from Erie ca- 
nal to 442 Tonawanda. 
Faxon, north from 1456 

Clinton. 
Fay, south from 570 Walden 

av. to 60 West Shore. 
Federal Avenue, north from 

740 Kensington av. 
Fell Alley, north from 180 

Carolina to 181 Virginia. 
Fenton, south from 1930 
Clinton to Buffalo creek. 
220 Seward. 
Ferguson Avenue, east from 
107 Herkimer to 69 Grant. 
Ferry, East, east from 1531 
Main to 2208 Bailey av. 
273 Jefferson. 
550 Humboldt pky. 
708 Winchester av. 
1012 Schuele av. 
1247 Leslie. 



Ferry, West, east from Erie 
canal to 1530 Main. 
223 Herkimer. 
512 Richmond av. 
841 Delaware av. 
Fields Avenue, south-east 
from Wells av. to city 
line. 
Fifteenth, north-west from 
142 York to 273 Hamp- 
shire. 

281 Massachusetts. 
Fillmore Avenue, north from 
898 Seneca to 2551 Main. 
225 Clinton. 
532 Peckham. 
719 Broadway. 
1013 A St. 
1235 Northampton. 
1499 East Ferry. 
1761 E. Delavan av. 
1968 Kensington av. 
2225 Wakefield av. 
Fischer, east from 713 

Grant to 195 Rees. 
Fisher, north from 2195 
Genesee to 1496 E. Dela- 
van av. 
Fitzgerald, north from 262 
O'Connell av. to 559 Elk. 
Fleming, east from 70 Met- 
calfe to 533 Babcock. 
Flint Alley, south from 130 
W. Mohawk to 108 Dela- 
ware av. 
Florence, west from 2242 
Main to 100 Parkside av. 
Florida, east from 1769 
Main to 540 Humboldt 

pky. 

248 Pleasant pi. 
410 Humboldt pky. 
Floss Avenue, north from 
2086 Genesee to 1377 E. 
Delavan av. 
Flower, west from 80 Tyler 

to Angle. 
Fly, north-west from 8 Maid- 
en lane to 22 Evans. 
Folger, south-west from Tri- 
angle to Tifft. 
Forest Avenue, east from 
Erie canal to 1616 Dela- 
ware av. 
251 Grant. 
475 Richmond av. 
725 Windsor av. 
Forman, west and north 
from 32 Newburgh to 
1945 Genesee. 
Fort, west from 970 Niagara 

to Erie canal. 
Fougeron, east from 1270 
Fillmore av. to 1486 Gen- 
esee. 

261 Belt line tracks. 



Foundry, north from 350 
Hertel av. to 80 Glad- 
stone. 
Fourteenth, north-west from 
384 Pennsylvania to 237 
Hampshire. 
265 Vermont. 
473 Hampshire. 
Fourth, north-west from 275 
W. Genesee to 110 Por- 
ter av. 

297 Virginia. 
500 Pennsylvania. 
Fox, north from 766 Broad- 
way to 559 Best. 
285 Genesee. 
447 Best. 
Frank Avenue, south from 
300 Mineral Spring rd. to 
Zittel. 
Franklin, north from 63 Ter- 
race to 60 North. 
239 W. Chippewa. 
491 Allen. 
Frederick Place, west from 

20 Kehr to Spiess. 
Freeman, south from 1060 

Kensington av. 
French, east from 1344 Fill- 
more av. to 244 Moselle. 
257 Belt Line tracks. 
Freund, north from 2194 
Genesee to 1466 E. Dela- 
van av. 
Fritz Alley, east from 180 

Emslie to 57 Clare. 
Fritzgerald, south from 946 
Kenmore av.- to St. Law- 
rence av. 
Front, east from foot of 

Main. 
Front Avenue, north-west 
from 215 Court to 979 
Niagara. 

228 Virginia. 
516 Jersey. 
734 Vermont. 
969 Niagara. 
Fuller, north from 74 On- 
tario to Briggs. 
Fulton, east from 87 Mich- 
igan to 278 Smith. 
285 Alabama. 
509 Van Rensselaer. 
689 Smith. 

Gi-alena, east from 3167 Main 

to 75 Winspear av. 
Gallatin Avenue, south-west 

from 219 Ontario to 99 

Martin. 
Galloway, south-east from 

83 Buffam to Indian 

Church av. 
Galveston Place, east from 

797 Jefferson. 



183 



Cl-aivin iPlace, north from 

Ramsdell av. to 1580 Ken- 
more av. 
Gauson, north-west from 17 

Hamburg turnpike to Peck 

Slip, opposite foot of 

Main. 
Garden, north from 292 

Carolina to 293 Virginia. 
Gfarfield, east from 2131 

Niagara to 580 Tona- 

wanda. 
Garner Avenue, east from 

290 Dewitt to 260 Tryon 

pi. 
Garvey Avenue, east from 

400 Hopkins. 
Gatchell, north from 1620 

Broadway to West Shore 

tracks. 
Gates Circle (Chapin pi.), 

at junction of Delaware 

av., Lafayette av. and 

Chapin pky. 
Gay, (changed to Arsenal 

pl.) 
Geary, north-east from 2036 

Seneca to 32 Frank av. 
Gelston, north from 86 W. 
Ferry to 20 Lafayette av. 
Genesee, north-east from 
539 Main to city line. 
235 Michigan. 
495 Kane. 
767 Johnson. 
1047 Fillmore av. 
1270 Kehr. 
1507 Moselle. 
1742 Kilhoffer. 
1996 Newburg av. 
2281 City line. 
Genesee, West, south-west 
from 522 Main to Lake 
Erie. 

217 Terrace. 
Geneva, west from 385 Cur- 

tiss to Houghton. 
Genoa, south from 1472 

Kenmore av. 
George, east from 205 Mor- 
timer to 600 Jefferson. 
Greorgetown, east from Bai- 
ley av. to Eggert. 
Georgia, east from Lake 
Erie to 186 W. Chippewa. 
249 Prospect av. 
Gerhard, north from 396 
Dodge to 378 Northamp- 
ton. 
Germain, north from Cor- 
nelius creek to 21 Grote. 
Germania, north from 655 
Tifft to 643 Abbott rd. 
265 Beacon. 
448 Abbott rd. 
Gesl, west from 2055 Pill- 
more av. to inner lot. 



firibSon, north from 30 Cur- 
tiss to 25 Stanislaus. 
275 Broadway. 

Gilbert Avenue, north from 
50 Dorothy av. to Mani- 
toba . 

Gill Alley, north from 
Breckenridge to Auburn 
av. west of Ashland av. 

Gillette Avenue, north from 
390 E. Delavan av. to 
154 Oak Grove av. 

Girard Place, east from 965 
Humboldt pky. to 1270 
Fillmore av. 

Gisel, east from 2127 Bailey 
av. to 50 Warring, 

Gittere, south from 1169 
Sycamore to inner lot. 

Grladstone Bead, west from 
365 Military rd. to N. Y. 
C. R. R. tracks. 

Glendale Place, east from 
2095 Main to 225 Hum- 
boldt pky. 

GlendhTi, west from 201 
Cazenovia to inner lot. 

Glenn, north from 1690 
Clinton. 

Glenwood Avenue, east from 
1425 Main to 830 Hum- 
boldt pky. and from 
1420 Fillmore av. to Mo- 
selle. 

227 Purdy. 
577 Humboldt pky, 
690 Fillmore av. 
960 Moselle. 

Glenwood Place, north from 
Ramsdell av. to 1712 
Kenmore av. 

Glor, north from 68 Military 
rd. to 323 Austin, and 
continued north about 800 
feet. 

E&oembel Avenue, north from 
535 Walden av. 

Goethe, north from 1780 
William to 2026 Broad- 
way. 

260 Vanderbilt. 
484 Broadway. 

Gold, north from 1648 Wil- 
liam to 1890 Broadway. 
275 Vanderbilt. 
476 Broadway. 

Good Avenue, north-east 
from 635 Hopkins to 846 
Abbott rd. 

Goodell, east from 785 Main 
to 88 Cherry. 
223 Mulberry. 

Goodliffe, east from 70 Hop- 
kins to inner lot. 

Goodrich, east from 1005 
Main to 1044 Michigan. 

184 



Goodyear Avenue, north 
from 1432 Broadway to 
1574 Genesee. 
253 Sycamore. 
475 Genesee. 
Gorham, north from 1106 

Elk to 1170 Perry. 
Gorski, south from 1800 
Clinton to Buffalo creek. 
Gorton, north from 144 Am- 
herst to 145 Hertel av. 
199 Farmer. 
Grace, east from 2107 Ni- 
agara to Lackawanna R. 
R. tracks. 
Graham Avenue, south from 
326 Mineral Spring rd. to 
Fields av, 
Gi-rahling Alley, "west from 

Jackson to Bingham. 
Granger, east from 287 Chi- 
cago to Ohio slip. 
Granger Place, north from 
620 Bird av. to 610 For- 
est av. 
Grant, north from 318 
Hampshire to Scajaquada 
creek and 375 Amherst to 
151 Military rd. 
223 Lafayette av. 
501 Forest av. 
751 Jessemine. 
955 Amherst. 
Grape, north from 248 Cher- 
ry to 349 Best. 
229 E. North. 
Gratiot Avenue, east from 
485 Grider to 480 Wyo- 
ming av. 
Great Arrow, west from Del- 
aware av. to 1695 Elm- 
wood av. 
Grreeley, north from 700 

Hertel av. to 134 Race. 
Greene, north from 1550 
William to 1765 Broad- 
way. 

265 Stanley. 
455 Broadway. 
Greenfield, north-west from 
2436 Main to 1543 Am- 
herst. 
Greenwood, north from 250 
Lafayette av. to 287 Po- 
tomac av. 

235 Potomac av. 
Grey, north from 668 Broad- 
way to 514 High. 
259 Carlton. 
Grider, north from 944 E. 
Perry to 437 Leroy a v. 
271 E. Delavan a v. 
457 Sussex. 
619 Kensington av. 
Griffin, north from 160 
Roseville to Schuyler. 



Grrimes, east from 95 Young 

av. to Amity. 
Griswold, east from 288 

Weiss to city line. 
170 S. Ogden. 
Grosvenor, north from 44 

Seymour to 624 Eagle. 
Grote, east from 200 Mili- 
tary rd. to Elmwood av. 
221 Bridgeman. 
Grove, north from 674 Her- 

tel av. to 1768 Kenmore 

av. 

300 Hinman av. 
Guilford, north from 840 

Broadway to 665 Best. 
300 Genesee. 
Gull, east from Erie canal 

to 1144 Niagara. 
Gunnell Avenue, north from 

160 St. Lawrence av. to 

866 Kenmore av. 
Gurnsey, north-west from 

110 Austin to 109 Hertel 

av. 
Guthrie Alley, rear of 180 

W. Genesee. 

Hageu, north from Lang av. 

to 1325 E. Delavan av. 
Hager, north from 314 
Northland av. to 240 E. 
Delavan av. 
Hagerman, north from 682 

Swan to 113 Seymour. 
Haggart Alley, south from 

Ferry to Gull. 
Halhert, north from 146 
Dewey av. to 18 Rodney. 
133 Jewett av. 
Hamburg, north from 160 
South to 521 Swan. 
245 Elk. 
489 Seneca. 
Hamburg Turnpike, south 
from 549 Ohio to city lino, 
202 Buffalo Creek R. R. 
784 Tifft. 
1145 City line. 
Hamilton, east from Niag- 
ara river to 300 Tona- 
wanda. 
Hamlin Alley, east from 205 
Chicago to rear 135 Ful- 
ton. 
Hammerschmidt Place, south 
from 1§55 Seneca to 
Cazenovia creek. 
Hammond Place, north from 
708 Virginia to 133 Carl- 
ton. 
Hampshire, north-east from 
941 Front av. to 355 W. 
Ferry. 

237 Fourteenth. 
430 Hoyt. 



Hancock Avenue, south from 

301 Sheffield av. to city 

line. 
Hannah, south from 1123 

William to 872 Babcock. 
Hanover, north-east from 55 

Prime to 106 Main. 
Hardwood Place, east of 90 

Fillmore av. to Dillon. 
Harlow Place, east from 210 

Purdy to 24 Alexander pi. 
Harmonia, north from 1046 

Sycamore to 145 Walden 

av. 
Harold Avenue, north-west 

from 302 Rano to 365 

Ontario. 
Harp Place, east from 103 

Gurnsey to inner lot. 
Harriett, north from 1440 

E. Delavan av. to 266 

Sugar. 
Harrison, north from Perry 

to Penn. R. R. tracks. 
Hartman Place, north from 

73 Grace to 69 Garfield. 
Harvard Place, north from 

1614 Main to 993 W. Del- 
avan av. 
Harvest Avenue, north from 

100 St. Lawrence av. to 

792 Kenmore av. 
Harvey Place, south-west 

from 128 Abbott rd, to 

St. Stephen's pi. 
Harwood Place, east from 

1569 Jefferson. 
Hauf, north from 355 E. 

Utica to 353 Glenwood 

av. 
Haven, north from 1888 

Genesee to Scajaquada 

creek. 
Hawley, north from 220 

Forest av. to 29 Letch- 
worth. 
Hawthorne Avenue, north 

from 25 Chaucer to 580 

Kenmore av. 
Hayden, north from 1990 

Seneca to 155 Mineral 

Spring rd. 
Hayes Place, north from 

1350 Seneca to Bayard. 
Hayward, north from 340 

Elk to Otto. 
Hazlewood Avenue, north 

and south from 1375 E. 

Delavan av. 
Heame Place, south-west 

from 2323 Seneca. 
Heath, west from 3235 Main 

to Erie R. R. tracks. 
Hecla Avenue, north from 

55 Chaucer to 608 Ken- 
more av. 

185 



Hedley Place, east from 
1746 Jefferson to 25 Oak 
Grove av. 
Heisz Avenue, north from 
249 Mineral Spring rd. to 
Patterson av. 
Helen, east from 147 De- 

witt to 298 Herkimer. 
Hemenway, east from 136 
Zelmer to city line, 
200 Humason, 
Hennepin, east from 1237 
Bailey av, to 115 Greene, 
Henricka, south from 1151 
William to 959 Babcock, 
Henrietta Avenue, north- 
west from 420 Ontario to 
225 Esser. 
Henry, east from Erie canal 

to 160 Terrace, 
Henry Place, north from 
Ramsdell av. to 1686 Ken- 
more av. 
Herbert Avenue, north from 
inner lot to 1060 E. Del- 
avan av. 
Herkimer, north from 216 
Albany to IBl Bird av. 
263 Lafayette av. 
471 Bird av. 
Herman, north from 800 
Broadway to 663 Best. 
291 Genesee. 
413 Best. 
Hersee Alley, east from 255 

Ellicott to 168 Oak. 
Hertel Avenue, east from 
Niagara river and 2079 
Niagara to 3002 Main. 
203 Pacific. 
460 Military rd. 
808 Elmwood av. 
1069 Delaware av. 
1285 Exeter av. 
1481 Sterling av, 
1723 Starin av. 
2031 Beard av, 
Hertel Avenue, East, see 

East Hertel av. 
Heussy Avenue, north from 
848 Abbott rd. to Buffalo 
creek, 
Howard, east from Fuller to 

780 Tonawanda, 
Hewett, east from 30 Range 
av, to 3216 Bailey av. 
275 Bailey av. 
Hickory, north from 414 
Swan to 89 Cherry, 
220 William. 
527 Genesee. 
High, east from 967 Main 
to 882 Genesee. 
265 Lemon. 
515 Grey. 



Highland Avenue, west from 

1100 Delaware av. to 430 

Richmond av. 
236 Ashland av. 
Hill, north from 3 70 Leroy 

av. to 280 Rodney. 
Hillery Avenue, south from 

24t) Mineral Spring rd. 
Hillside Avenue, runs south- 
east from Indian Church 

av. to 70 Duerstein. 
Hilton, north from 222 Cur- 

tiss to Newton. 
Hines, south from 35 Down- 
ing. 
Hinman Avenue, west from 

2650 Delaware av. to 300 

Grove. 

231 Elmwood av. 
Hiram, south from 555 E. 

Delavan av. to Scajaquada 

creek. 

255 E. Delavan av. 
Hirschbeck, north from 1570 

Broadway to West Shore 

R. R. 
Hobart, north from 176 

Dorothy av. to 1400 Clin- 
ton. 
Hodge Avenue, west from 

954 Delaware av. to 188 

Ashland av. 

205 Ashland av. 
Hoffmann Place, south from 

93 Hamilton and north 

from 96 Hamilton to 99 

Austin, 
Holden, north from 286 Le 

Roy av. to 190 Rodney. 
Holland Place, north from 

96 Northampton to 70 

Riley. 
Hollister, east from 399 

Spring to 122 Mortimer. 
Holloway Alley, north from 

Virginia west of Dela- 
ware av. 
Holly, north from Buffalo 

creek to 1970 Clinton. 

220 Casimir. 
Hollywood Avenue, west 

from 1718 Abbott rd. to 

263 South Side pky. 
Holmes, east from German 

M. E. cemetery to 56 

Page. 
Holt, first street south of 

Howard crossing Lewis. 
Homer Avenue, north from 

1147 Hertel av. to 73 

Tacoma av. 
Homeworth, north from 

3380 Main to city line. 
Hopkins, north from city 

line to 711 Abbott rd. 
275 Amber. 



501 Lehigh. 
748 Abbott rd. 
Homing Place, north from 
Ramsdell av. to 1734 
Kenmore av. 
Horton Place, north from 
947 Lafayette av. to 971 
W. Delavan av. 
Houghton, south from 1163 

Broadway to 115 Kent. 
Houston, east from 555 Hop- 
kins. 
Howard, east from 297 Jef- 
ferson to 653 Babcock. 
265 Smith. 
514 Metcalfe. 
740 Babcock. 
Howell, north from Scaja- 
quada creek to 85 Chand- 
ler. 

210 Chandler. 
Howlett, south from 221 
Walden av. to 1143 Syc- 
amore. 
Hoyer Place, north from 40 
Sessions av. to 150 Villa 
av, 
Hojrt, north from 356 West 
Ferry to 341 Forest av. 

233 W. Delavan av. 
439 Forest av. 

Hubbard, north from 204 
Dorothy av. to 1440 Clin- 
ton. 

Hubbell Avenue, east from 
691 South Park av. to 
728 South Side pky. 

Hudson, east from Erie ca- 
nal to 28 Wadsworth. 

234 Fargo av. 
393 Wadsworth. 

Hughes, east from 1805 
Jefferson to 85 Oak Grove 
av. 
Hulbert, from 50 Sibley to 

Julius. 
Humason, south from 2370 

Genesee to Hemenway. 
Humber Avenue, north from 
845 E. Delavan av, to 
Sussex. 
Humboldt Parkway, south- 
west from Delaware Park 
to Humboldt Park. ' 
260 Eastwood pi. 
510 Mohican av. 
737 E. Ferry. 
1007 Northampton. 
Hunt Avenue, east from 729 
Tonawanda to 50 River- 
side av. 
Huntington Avenue, west 
from 2900 Main to 600 
Parkside av. 
245 Voorhees. 
463 Parkside av. 



Huron, East, east from 543 
Main to 238 Oak. 

Huron, West, west from 544 
Main to 193 Niagara. 
217 Niagara. 

Hutchinson Avenue, east 
from 130 Clyde to 70 
Midway av. 

259 Midway av. 

Hydraulic, north from 746 
Scott to 783 Seneca. 

Idaho, west from 470 Mili- 
tary rd. to N. Y. C. R. R. 

Ideal, north from 1588 Wil- 
liam to 1820 Broadway. 
215 Vanderbilt. 
470 Broadway. 

Illinois, north from Buffalo 
river to 67 Scott. 

Imson, north from Perry to 
Penn. R. R. tracks. 

Indiana, north from Buffalo 
river to 41 Perry. 

Indian Church Avenue, east 
from 2270 Seneca to city 
line. 

Indian Orchard Place, east 
from 110 Buff am to in- 
ner lot. 

Inter-Park Avenue, east 
from 710 Humboldt pky. 
to 1530 Fillmore av. 

Inwood Place, west from 
1510 Delaware av. to 28 
Windsor av. 

Iowa Avenue, east from 
3309 Bailey av. to Eg- 
gert. 

Iroquois Place, north from 
268 William to 395 
Broadway. 

Irving Place, north from 
135 Allen to 152 North. 

Ithaca Place, north from 83 
Whitfield av. to 1050 
Tifft. 

Ivy, north from 264 Wal- 
den av. to 1450 Genesee. 

Jackson, north from 143 
Church to 9 Court pi. 

James, east from 135 Ems- 
lie to 194 Fillmore av. 
212 Clare. 

Jane, west from 243 Erie 
St. to Coit slip. 

Jarvis Avenue, north from 
900 Hertel av. to Olive. 

Jefferson, north from 598 
Exchange to 1975 Main. 
241 Clinton. 
537 Broadway. 
771 Genesee. 
1051 Best. 
1267 Riley. 
1456 E. Ferry. 
1715 E. Delavan av. 



186 



Jehle, north from 570 Doat 
to Scajaquada creek. 

Jerome Place, west from 
1443 Bailey av. to Cen- 
tral av. 

Jersey, north-east from Erie 
canal to 56 Richmond av. 
235 Fargo av. 
432 Richmond av. 

Jessemine, east from 750 
Grant to 240 Rees. 

Jewett Avenue, west from 
2420 Main to 210 Park- 
side av. and east from 
2419 Main to 2205 Fill- 
more av. 

53 Crescent av. 
201 Parkside av. 
175 Fillmore av. 

Jolin, south from 14 "W. 
Seneca. 

Johnson, north from 700 
Broadway to 529 Best. 
265 Genesee. 
457 Best. 

Johnson Park, west from 
274 and 286 Delaware 
av. to 247 Carolina. 

Jones, north from 1053 
Clinton to 60 Lyman. 

Jordan Place, north-east 
from 1674 Seneca to Buf- 
falo creek. 

Joseph, north of Kensington 
av. west of Fillmore av. 
running west from pro- 
posed street to inner lot. 

Josephine, north from 
Northampton to 135 Ur- 
ban. 

Josie Place, west from 415 
South Park av. to 95 Tri- 
angle. 

Josl3m Place,, north from 
340 Austin. 

Joy, west from 118 Water 
to Erie basin. 

Julius, running south from 
145 Downing to Hulbert. 

Juniata Avenue, north-east 
from 1766 Seneca. 

Junior, south-east from In- 
dian Church av. to Duer- 
stein. 

Kail, north from 268 Am- 
herst to 267 Austin. 

Hamper, north-east from 
2092 Seneca to Frank av. 

Kane, north from 400 Syc- 
amore to 495 Genesee. 

Katharine, north from Buf- 
falo creek near FCJnion 
Iron Works to 527 Elk. 
253 O'Connell av. 

Keating, north from 1270 
Elk to Seneca, west of 
Bailey av. 



Keep Place, north from 336 

Virginia to 43 Twelfth. 
Kehr, north from 1268 Gen- 
esee to 851 E. Ferry, 
251 Glenwood av. 
Keim, north from 1176 Elk 

to 1250 Perry. 
Kelburn, south from 1660 
Clinton to Buffalo river. 
Kelderhouse Alley, from 18 
Bingham to Marshall al. 
Kellogg, north from Elk to 
inner lot between Keat- 
ing and Duncan. 
Kenefick Avenue, east from 
661 South Park av. to 
1140 Abbott rd. 
Kenmore Avenue, west from 
Main to O'Neil. 
308 Montrose av. 
546 Crosby pi. 
704 Oscar av. 
946 Fritzgerald av. 
1388 Delaware av. 
1496 Eugene. 
1572 Galvin pi. 
1680 Henry pi. 
1916 Military rd. 
Kenil worth, north from 3322 
Main to 160 Kenmore av. 
Kensington Avenue, north- 
east from 2095 Main to 
city line. 

318 Fillmore av. 
580 Castle pi. 
740 Federal av. 
1004 Comstock av. 
1423 Eggert. 
Kent, east from Clarke to 
Playter then east from 
Sweet av. to Houghton. 
Kentucky, north from 42 St. 

Clair to 141 Mackinaw. 
Keppel, north from 1396 

Elk to 1523 Seneca. 
Kerns Avenue, east from 
2309 Bailey av. to 75 
Newburgh av. 
Ketchum Place, north-west 
from 404 Jersey to 141 
York. 
Keystone, north from 695 
Walden av. to 275 Doat 
and south from Walden 
av. to West Shore av. 
125 Walden av. 
285 Doat. 
Kiefer, north from 96 Wal- 
den av. to 1260 Genesee. 
Kilhofifer, north from 1740 
Genesee to Northland av. 
267 Northland av. 
Kimmel Avenue, north from 
877 Abbott rd. to Buf- 
falo creek. 
King, north-east from 403 
Green to 1880 Broadway. 

187 



Kingsley, east from 1212 
Jefferson to 980 Hum- 
boldt pky. 

264 Humboldt pky. 

Kingston Place, south-west 
from 2150 Seneca to 
Cazenovia creek. 

Kirk over, north from 150 
Dorothy av. to 1366 Clin- 
ton. 

Kirkpatrick, east from 93 
Herbert av. to 2478 Bai- 
ley av. 

Klaus, east from 95 Met- 
calfe to 90 Jones. 

Knoerl Avenue, south-west 
from 1975 Seneca to 
/ Cazenovia creek. 

Koch Alley, north from 
Breckenridge west of 
Elmwood av. 

Koester, south-west from 
131 Triangle. 

Kofler Avenue, east from 
735 Military rd. to 126 
Clayton. 

Koons Avenue, north from 
1458 Broadway to 1616 
Genesee. 

254 Sycamore. 
489 Genesee. 

Kosciuszko, north from 
1190 Broadway to 1049 
Sycamore. 

Kozlowski, south from 20 
Piatti to Scajaquada 
creek, near Amherst. 

Kremlin Alley, north from 
Niagara to W. Eagle, east 
of Pearl. 

Krettner, north from 162 
Howard to 717 Broad- 
way. 

225 Lovejoy. 

Krupp, north from N. Y. C. 
R. R. tracks to 1381 
Broadway. 

Laban Alley, east from 
Grosvenor to Smith north 
of S. Division. 
Lackawanna, east from 337 

Abby to 344 Germania. 
Ladner, east from South 

Park av. to Hopkins. 
Lafayette Avenue, east from 
1319 Niagara to 1776 
Main. 

213 Grant. 
531 Ashland av. 
793 Delaware av. 
1060 Main. 
La Force Place, north from 

486 Hertel av. 
Laird Avenue, east from 
971 Tonawanda to 236 
Bleeker av. 



Lake, east from Erie basin 
to 84 River. 

Lake, west from 100 Main 
to Commercial. 

Lakeview Avenue, north- 
west from 78 Pennsylva- 
nia to 147 Porter av. 

Lakewood Avenue, north- 
east from 780 South Side 
pky. to 1075 Abbott rd. 

Lament Place, north from 
112 Ontario to 18 Hew- 
ard. 

Lancaster Avenue, west from 
1300 Delaware av. to 815 
Elmwood av. 

230 Elmwood av. 

Landis Place, south from 
525 Rhode Island to 
Richmond. 

Landon, east from 1287 
Jefferson to 1330 Fill- 
more av. 

270 Humboldt pky. 

Lang Avenue, east from 
2369 Bailey av. to 
Freund. 

137 Newburg' av. 

Lansing, west from 192 
Military rd. to 19 Joslyn 
pi. 

Larabee, east from 45 Hop- 
kins to inner lot. 

Lark, north from 28 Sidney 
to Northland av. 

Larkin, north from 618 
Scott to 645 Seneca. 
267 Exchange. 

LaSalle Avenue, east from 
8019 Main to 3308 Bai- 
ley av. 

230 Park Ridge av. 
450 Bailey av. 

Lathrop, north from 1216 
Broadway to 167 Walden 
av. 

208 Sycamore. 

Latour, north from 74 Wal- 
den av. to 1230 Genesee. 

Laurel, east from 1345 Main 
to 1280 Jefferson. 
169 Purdy. 

Lautz Place, north from 
Cleveland to Auburn av. 

Laux, north from 1120 
Clinton to 130 Fleming. 

Lawn Avenue, west from 70 
Norris. 

Lawrence Place, north from 
348 Massachusetts av. to 
311 Hampshire. 

Layer Avenue, east from 
Military rd. to Clayton. 

Leamington Place, north 
1712 Seneca. 

Le Couteulx, from 61 Water 
north-east to 106 Canal. 



Ledger, south from 945 
Hertel av. to Belt Line 
tracks. 

Lee, north from 344 Abbott 
rd. to 933 Elk. 

Lehigh, east from Buffalo 
Southern Ry, to Hopkins. 
270 Germania. 

Lemon, north from 140 
Cherry to 267 E. North. 
219 High. 

Lennox Avenue, south from 
360 Mineral Spring rd. 
to Fields av. 

Leroy Avenue, east from 
2341 Main to 370 Ken- 
sington av. 

169 Fillmore av. 
460 Manhattan av. 

Leslie, north from 1712 
Genesee to 1120 North- 
land av. 

135 E. Ferry. 

Lester, north from 1342 
Seneca to Bayard. 

Letchworth, east from 160 
Dart to 156 Rees. 

Lewis, south from 1011 
William to 1077 Clinton. 
225 Fleming. 

Lexington Avenue, west from 
1064 Delaware av. to 391 
Richmond av. 
230 Ashland av. 

Liberty, north from Buffa- 
lo river to Scott. 

Liberty Avenue, north from 
780 Kensington av. 

Liddell, north from 1482 
Broadway to West Shore 
tracks. 

Lilac, south from 628 Ab- 
bott rd. to Good av. 

Lincoln Parkway, north 
from Soldiers' pi. to Del- 
aware Park. 

Linden Avenue, west from 
34 Starin av. to 120 Col- 
vin. 

181 Parkside av. 

Linwood Avenue, north from 
41 North to 923 W. Del- 
avan av. 
237 Bryant. 
475 W. Ferry. 
731 W. Delavan av. 

Lisbon, east from 3071 
Main to 3380 Bailey av. 
291 Calais. 

Litchfield Avenue, east from 
380 Grider to 378 Wyo- 
ming av. 

Littell Avenue, east from 
425 Bailey av. to Archer 
av. 

Little, east from 127 South 
Side pky. to city line. 



Littlefield Avenue, north 
from 998 Walden av. to 
566 Doat. 

Livingston, north from 488 
W. Ferry to 403 Lafay- 
ette av. 

Lloyd, north-east from Buf- 
falo river to 132 Main. 

Lock, north-west from 92 
Terrace to 128 Erie. 

Lockwood Avenue, west 
from South Park av. to 
Hopkins. 

Locust, north from 104 
Cherry to 241 E. North. 
235 High. 

Loepere, north from 1090 
Broadway to 45 Walden 
av. 

176 Sycamore. 

Lombard, north from 63 
Curtiss to 1017 Broad- 
way. 

264 Broadway. 

Longnecker, north from 
1570 William to 25 King. 
273 Vanderbilt. 
419 King. 

Longview Avenue, south 
from 580 E. Delavan av. 
to Belt Line tracks. 

Lord, north from 824 Sen- 
eca to 221 Howard. 

209 Oneida. 

Loring Avenue, east from 
2000 Main to 10 Trini- 
dad. 

210 Shelburne pi. 
Lorraine Avenue, north from 

South Side pky. to 1358 
Abbott rd. 
Louisen, north from 1330 
Genesee to 239 Fougeron. 
Louisiana, north from Buf- 
falo river to 375 Seneca. 
297 Mackinaw. 
560 Exchange. 
Love Alley, north from 
Buffalo river to rear of 
40 Illinois. 
Lovejoy, east from 477 Em- 
slie to 302 Curtiss, and. 
from Trestle al. to city 
line. 

249 Fillmore av. 
505 Curtiss. 
851 Trestle al. 
1067 Longnecker. 
1235 N. Ogden. 
Levering Avenue, north from 
1214 Hertel av. to 57 
Taunton. 
Lowell Place, north-west 
from 342 Vermont to 351 
Rhode Island. 



188 



Lucinda Place, north from 
Scajaquada creek cross- 
ing Juliet. 

Ludington, east from 1207 
Bailey av. to city line. 
239 Gold. 

Lutheran, north from 243 
William to 359 Broad- 
way, 

Lyman, east from 135 Met- 
calfe to 155 Lewis. 

Lyth Avenue, east from 301 
Purdy to 1584 Jefferson. 

Macamley, east and west 

from 160 Triangle. 
McKibhen, east from 88 
Moselle to 357 Koons av. 
Mackinaw, east from 250 
Ohio to Indian Reserva-. 
tion line. 

283 Hamburg. 
Madison, north from 586 
Eagle to 25 Brown. 
265 Peckham. 
469 Sycamore. 
Magnolia, north-east from 
1580 Abbott rd. to Oak- 
hurst. 
Maiden Lane, east from 11 

Water to 60 Canal. 
Main, north-east from Buf- 
falo river to city line. 
225 Seneca. 
539 Genesee. 
776 Edward. 
1040 North. 
1249 Northampton. 
1531 Ferry. 
1776 Lafayette av. 
2005 Loring av. 
2242 Florence. 
2500 Fairfield. 
2680 Amherst. 
3002Hertel av. 
3275 Englewood av. 
3470 Kenmore av. 
Malta Place, north-west 
from 312 Marvland to 
177 West av. 
Manchester Place, east from 
347 Baynes to 800 Rich- 
mond av. 
Mandan, . south from 886 

Hertel to 55 Troost. 
Manhart, east from 195 
Olympic av. to 2706 Bai- 
ley av. 
Manhattan Avenue, north 
from 460 Leroy av. to 
Wempel av. 
Manitoba, east from 165 

Gilbert to 78 Baitz av. 
Manton Place, north from 

150 Grote to Chandler. 
Maple, north from 34 Cher- 
ry to 189 E. North. 
271 High. 



Maple Ridge Avenue, east 

from 511 Grider to 510 

Wyoming av. 
Margaret, north from 166 

Curtiss to Bryson. 
Mariemont, east from 337 

South Park av. to 330 

South Side pky. 
Marigold, north from 430 

Leroy av. to inner lot. 
Marilla, east from Lake 

Shore tracks to 190 South 

Park av. 

208 Hopkins. 
Mariner, north from 370 

Virginia to 234 North. 
Marion Avenue, west from 

1634 Elmwood av. to 

Reservation. 
Mark, north from 22 Wil- 
liam to 15 Gay. 
Markham Place, north from 

66 Sessions av. to 180 

Villa av. 
Marshall, north from 1210 

Genesee to 869 North- 
ampton. 
Marshall Alley, from Church 

to Bingham. 
Martin Avenue, east from 

691 Tonawanda to 117 

Mayer av. 
Marvin, north from 172 Elk 

to 231 Perry. 
Mary, east from 41 Indiana 

to Mississippi. 
Maryland, east from Erie 

canal to 52 College. 
275 West av. 
Mason, north from 49 Breck- 

enridge to 19 Auburn av. 
Massachusetts Avenue, 

north-east from 865 Front 

av. to 469 W. Ferry. 
293 W. Utica. 
555 W. Ferry. 
Masten, north from 236 E. 

North to 1751 Main. 
319 E. Utica. 
629 Northland av. 
Mathews, east from 227 

Mortimer to 616 Jeffer- 
son. 
Maurice, north from 300 

Prenatt to 1141 Seneca. 
May, north from West Shore 

av. to 1735 Genesee. 
327 Doat. 
Maybach Place, north-west 

from Jordan pi. to Buf- 
falo creek. 
Mayer Avenue, south-east 

from 247 Ontario to 156 

Rano. 
Mayweed, from Newman to 

Beyer pi. (south-east 



boundary of Cazenovia 

Park.) 
Mead Alley, north from 146 

N. Division to 149 Eagle. 
Mechanic, east from Erie 

canal to 216 Terrace. 
Medford Place, north from 

10 Sessions av. to 125 

Villa av. 
Meech Avenue, north from 

202 E. Delavan av. to 110 

Loring av. 
Melbourne Place, north from 

805 Auburn av. to 164 

Lancaster av. 
Melrose, north-east from 

1106 Abbott rd. to 1954 

Seneca, 
Melvin Place, south from 

1397 Elk to Buffalo river. 
Mendola, east from 655 

Kensington av. to 618 

Wyoming av. 
Meriden, north-east from 

1328 Abbott rd. to Caze- 
novia creek. 
Merrimac, west from 3208 

Main to 58 Angle. 
Mesmer Avenue, east from 

721 South Park av. to 

754 South Side pky. 
Metcalfe, north from 1000 

Clinton to 895 William. 
237 Howard. 
Meteor Alley, east from 71 

Emslie to 60 Lord. 
Miami, east from 196 Ohio 

to 203 Hamburg, 
241 Alabama. 
Michigan, north from Buf- 
falo River to 1619 Main. 
282 Seneca. 
530 Broadway. 
794 Goodell. 
1008 High. 
1257 Northampton. 
1531 E. Ferry. 
Midway Avenue, west from 

3095 Bailey av. to 70 

Comstock av. 
Milburn, south from 1319 

Broadway to N. Y. Cen- 
tral tracks. 
Mildred, north from 75 Ty- 
ler to 170 Englewood av. 
Milford, north-east from 

1174 Abbott rd. to Caze- 
novia creek. 
Military Road, north from 

282 Amherst to city line. 
342 Hertel av. 
526 Behrends. 
869 Kenmore av. 
Miller Avenue, north from 

1384 Broadway to 830 

Walden av. 
245 Sycamore. 



189 



Mills, north from 1028 
Broadway to 1130 Gen- 
esee. 

170 Sycamore. 

Mills Alley, north-east from 
Oak to Elm. 

Milnor, north from 82 Wil- 
liam to 211 Broadway. 

Milton, north from 1226 
Perry to Penna. tracks. 

Mineral Spring Road, east 
from 1940 Seneca to city 
line. 

308 S. Ogden. 

Minneapolis Avenue, east 
from 3345 Bailey av. to 
Eggert. 

Minnesota Avenue, east from 
3055 Main to 3344 Bailey 
av. 

206 Park Ridge av. 
422 Bailey av. 

Minnetonka Road, east from 
Abbott rd. to Tuscarora. 

Minton, east from 387 Smith 
to 135 Selkirk. 

Mississippi, north from Buf- 
falo river to 93 Scott. 

Mobile, north from 927 Her- 
tel av. to Olive. 

Moeller, ea&t from 2055 
Bailey av. to 24 Warring. 

Mohawk, East, east from 

487 Main to 246 Ellicott. 
Mohawk, West, west from 

488 Main to 145 Wilke- 
son. 

Mohican Avenue, east from 
Daisy pi. to 1740 Fill- 
more av. 

Mohr, north from 23 Grimes 
to 1285 Broadway. 

Monroe, north from 614 
Eagle to 57 Brown. 
271 Peckham. 
485 Sycamore. 

Montana Avenue, north from 
1636 Genesee to 1177 E. 
Ferry. 

Montcalm, north-east from 
205 Englewood av. to 100 
Montrose av. 

Montclair Avenue, north from 
490 Leroy av. to inner lot. 

Montgomery, north from 
874 Eagle to 305 Howard. 

Monticello Place, east from 
20 Shelbourne to 40 Trin- 
idad. 

Montrose Avenue, from in- 
ner lot north-west to 308 
Kenmore av. 

Moore, north from 214 Ohio 
to 153 Elk. 

Moreland, east from 1329 
Bailey av. to 205 Greene. 



Morgan, north from 139 W. 

Eagle to 142 W. Chippe- 
wa and from 135 Edward 

to 411 Virginia. 
Morley Place, north from 

100 E. Ferry. 
Morris Avenue, east from 

60 Linden av. to 2750 

Main. 

221 Beard av. 
Morse, east from 46 Payson 

av. to 40 Wightman av. 
Mortimer, north from 342 

William to 199 Cherry. 
257 Sycamore. 
Morton, west from 3168 

Main to D., L. & W. 

tracks. 
Morton Place, north from 76 

Goodell to 637 Virginia. 
Moselle, north from 318 

Walden av. to 380 E. 

Delavan av. 
244 French. 
650 E. Delavan av. 
Mt. Mercy Parkway, from 

Abbott rd. to Woodside 

circle. 
Mulberry, north from 68 

Cherry to 215 E. North, 
249 High. 
Mumford, noth-east from 

1020 Abbott rd. to Caze- 

novia creek. 
Myers, north from 1010 

Genesee to 745 Best. 
Myron Avenue, north from 

Villa near Delaware and 

Kenmore avs. 
Myrtle, east from 303 Mich- 
igan to 86 Jefferson. 
203 S. Cedar. 
Mystic, east from Buffalo 

Southern Ry. to Hopkins. 
280 Germania. 

Narragansett Road, east 
from Abbott rd. to Tus- 
carora. 

Naval Avenue, east from 
2321 Bailey av. to 105 
Newburg av. 

Nebraska, north from Rams- 
dell east of Elmwood av. 
to 1600 Kenmore av. 

Nelson, south from 621 Am- 
herst to Scajaquada 
creek. 

Neptune, north from 130 
Carlton to 139 High. 

Nevada Avenue, north from 
1606 Genesee to 1149 E. 
Ferry. 

Newburg Avenue, north from 
1980 Genesee to 1290 E. 
Delavan av. 

280 E. Delavan av. 

190 



Newburgh, runs north from 

310 Doat to 57 Block. 
Newell, north from 568 

Howard to 965 William. 
Newfield, north-west from 
N. Y. Central tracks to 
344 O'Neil. 

251 Roesch av. 
Newman Place, south from 

2340 Seneca. 
Newport Avenue, north from 
65 St. Lawrence av. to 
765 Kenmore av. 
New South Ogden, north 
from 368 Dingens to 1763 
William. 
Newton, east from Warren 

av. to 70 Curtiss. 
Niagara, north-west from 
344 Main to city line. 
273 Carolina. 
524 Pennsylvania. 
771 Vermont. 
1017 Prospect av. 
1275 Auburn av. 
1589 Forest av. 
1775 Parish. 
2079 Hertel av. 
2261 Ontario. 
2687 O'Neil. 
Niagara Falls Boulevard, 

(changed to Colvin.) 
Niagara Square, at junction 
of Court, W. Genesee, 
Delaware av. and Niagara. 
Niantic, south-west from 
Potters rd. to Narragan- 
sett rd. 
Nichols Place, north from 

160 Seneca. 
Nicholson Avenue, west 
from 250 Ensrlewood av. 
to 45 Crosby pi. 
Nineteenth, north from 470 
Rhofle Island to 353 W. 
Ferry, 
Norfolk Avenue, north from 
1185 E. Ferry to 975 
Kensington av. 

280 E. Delavan av. 
555 Warwick av. 
745 Kensington, av. 
Normal Avenue, north-west 
from 350 Pennsylvania 
to 185 Albany. 
263 Vermont. 
467 Hampshire. 
Norman, north-east from 
2105 Seneca to Frank av. 
Norris, north from 764 Her- 
tel av. to 160 Race. 
Nortli, we«+ from 1040 Main 
to the Circle. 

209 Elmwood av. 
North, East e^st from 1039 
Main to 382 Herman. 
267 Lemon. 
533 Johnson, 



North Ashland Avenue, 

north from 560 Potomac 
av. to 538 Forest av. 
North Central Avenue, south 
from 1602 Broadway to 
inner lot. 
Northampton, east from 
1249 Main to 1421 Gene- 
see. 

343 Jefferson. 
596 W. Parade av. 
745 Fillmore av. 
926 Kehr. 
North Central Avenue, south 
from 1002 Broadway to 
N. Y. Central tracks. 
North Division, east from 
333 Main to 94 Fillmore. 
277 Pine. 

561 Jefferson. 
795 Lord. 

919 Fillmore av. 

North Morgan, south from 

407 Virginia to inner lot. 

North Norwood Avenue, 

north from 501 W. Dela- 

van av. to 500 Forest av. 

North Ogden, north from 

1714 William to 1966 

Broadway. 

280 Vanderbilt. 
490 Broadway. 
North Parade Avenue, south 
and east from Northamp- 
ton to 118 E. Parade av. 
North Park Avenue, north* 
from Linden av. to Taun- 
ton. 
North Pearl, north from 522 

Virginia to 27 North. 
North Pine, north from 124 

Sycamore. 
Northland Avenue, east from 
1727 Main to 150 Nor- 
folk av. 

155 Jefferson. 
539 Fillmore a v. 
813 Grider. 
1045 Northumberland av. 
Northumberland Avenue, 
north from 1174 E. Ferry 
to 891 Kensington av. 
286 E. Delavan av. 

562 Warwick a v. 
744 Kensington av. 

Norton, north from 77 Water 

to 30 Peacock. 
Norwalk Avenue, north from 
310 Linden av. to Taun- 
ton. 

242 Tacoma av. 
Norwood Avenue, north from 
313 Summer to 488 La- 
fayette av. 

231 W. Utica. 
497 Auburn av. 



Oak, north from 88 Swan 
to 89 High. 
238 E. Huron. 
568 Virginia. 

Oakdale, north from Lehigh 
tracks to 1255 Seneca. 

Oak Grove Avenue, north 
from 272 E. Delavan av. 
to Belt Line tracks. 

Oakhurst, from Woodside 
Circle, northeast to 1600 
Abbott rd, 

Oakland Place, north from 
165 Summer to 214 Bry- 
ant. 

Oakwood Place, East, east 
from 2319 Main to Belt 
Line tracks. 

Oakwood Place, West, west 
from 2320 Main to 153 
Parkside av. 

Oberlin, from West Shore 
tracks north to Walden 
av. 

Ohio, southeast from 3 Main 
to Buffalo river and 1 
Hamburg turnpike. 
238 Mackinaw. 
498 Louisiana. 

Okell, southwest from South 
Park av., near city line. 

Olcott Avenue, east from 
South Park av. to 620 
South Side pky. 

Olga Place, east from 127 
Clare to 328 Fillmore av. 

Olive, west from 2526 Dela- 
ware av. to N. Elmwood 
av. and east from 2526 
Delaware av. to Farns- 
worth. 

Oliver, east from 119 Pay- 
son av. to 110 Wightman 
av. 

Olsen, north from 1580 
Clinton st. 

Oneida, east from 227 Ems- 
lie to 282 Fillmore av. 
213 Clare. 

O'Connell Ave., from 237 
Louisiana south-east to 18 
Smith. 

230 Katherine. 
455 Smith. 

O'Neil, east from 2687 Niag- 
ara to city line. 
256 Argus. 
460 Kenmore av. 

Onondaga Avenue, north 
from city line to Potter's 
Corners rd. 

Ontario, east from 2261 
Niagara to citv line. 
276 Roval av. 
574 Skillen. 

Onyx Avenue, east from Ab- 
bott rd. to city line. 

191 



Orange, north from 174 
Cherry to 291 E. North. 
203 High, 

Orchard Place, west from 
2535 Main to Fairfield av. 

Oregon, north-west from 87 
Chadduck to 180 Esser 
av. 

Orlando, north from 332 
Prenatt to 1169 Seneca. 

Orleans, south from Rounds 
av. to Kensington av. 

Orson Place, north from 
Ramsdell av. to 1530 
Kenmore av. 

Orton Place, north from 354 
Hudson to 355 Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Osage, east from 532 Hop- 
kins. 

Oscar, east from 25 Laux to 
480 Babcock. 

Oscar Avenue, north from 
10 St. Lawrence av. to 
711 Kenmore av. 

Otis Place, north from 30 
Woodlawn av. to 24 E. 
Ferry. 

Otto, east from 93 Hayward 
to 360 Alabama. 

Owahn Place, north-east 
from 250 Abbott rd. to 
122 Prenatt. 

Oxford Avenue, north from 
935 W. Ferry to 959 W. 
Delavan av. 

Pacific, north from 205 
Austin to 203 Hertel av. 

Page, north from 605 Her- 
tel av. to 38 Race. 

Palos Place, north from 77 
Mendola to 740 Kensing- 
ton av. 

Pansy, north from 319 
Florida to 274 E. Dela- 
van av. 

Parish, east from 1775 
Niagara to 222 Tona- 
wanda. 

Park, north from 422 Vir- 
ginia to 178 North. 

Parker Avenue, north from 
2600 Main to 1860 Her- 
tel av. 

201 Woodbridge av. 

Park Lake Avenue, north 
from Amherst to Great 
Arrow. 

Park Ridge Avenue, north 
from 87^ Kensington av. 
to 120 Winspear av. 
186 Amherst. 
500 Winspear av. 

Parkside Avenue, north-west 
from 37 Humboldt pky. 
to 1563 Hertel av. 
211 Jewett av. 
515 Linden ay, 



Parkview Avenue, from 40 

Zittel south-east ta 42 

Duerstein. 

Parnell, east from B.,R.& P. 

R. R. tracks to 194 Abby. 

Pascal, east from 195 

Baynes to 655 Richmond 

av. 

Patterson Avenue, east from 

18 S. Ogden to Heisz av. 

Pauline, north from 270 

Kensington av. to GesL 
Payne Avenue, east from 
426 Hopkins to inner lot. 
Payson Avenue, north from 
Abbott rd. to 213 Bailey 
av. 
Peabody, north from 950 
Elk to 1069 Seneca. 
192 Perry. 
Peach, north from 208 
Cherry to 323 Best. 
257 E. North. 
Peacock, north-west from 

46 Evans to 170 Erie. 
Pearl, north from Erie 
canal to 24 W, Tupper. 
245 Court. 
518 W. Tupper. 
Pearl Place, south from 521 
Virginia to rear of St. 
Louis church. 
Peck, south from 1413 

Broadway to Grimes. 
Peckham, east from 465 
Jefferson to 200 feet west 
of Curtiss. 
273 Smith. 
531 Playter. 
Peconic, west from Potters 

rd. to Tuscarora. 
Pembina, west from 673 
Hopkins to 340 Germania. 
Pembroke Avenue, east 
from 539 Grider to 536 
Wyoming av. 
Penfield, east from 1363 Ni- 
agara to 1142 West av. 
Penhurst Park, north from 
Forest av. east of Elm- 
wood av. 
Pennsylvania, east from 
Erie canal to The Circle. 
249 Fargo av. 
420 The Circle. 
Peoria, north-west from 100 

Grace to 97 Arthur. 
Peremont Place, north-west 

from Cazenovia. 
Perkins Place, east from 217 
Dewitt to 368 Herkimer. 
Perry, east from 47 Main 
to 52 Dole. 
269 Chicago. 
533 Hamburg. 
867 Smith. 
1023 Peabody. 
1305 Dole. 



Persia, north from 550 Doat 

to Scajaquada creek. 
Person, south from 1347 
Broadway to N. Y. Cen 
tral tracks. 

220 Schlenker. 
Peru Place, southeast from 

823 Bailey av. 
Peter, north from 448 Am- 
herst to 52 Grote. 
Peterson, east from 1025 
Fillmore av. to 315 Mills. 
Pfaudler, north from 720 

E. Delavan av. 
Phelps, east from 114 Hal- 
bert to 2242 Fillmore av. 
Philadelphia Avenue, south- 
east from 300 Esser av. 
to N. Y. Central tracks. 
Piatti, east from 50 Yates 

to 75 Nelson. 
Picard Alley, north from 
257 Clinton to 99 Wil- 
liam. 
Pine, north from 282 Swan 
to 125 Sycamore. 
277 Broadway. 
Pink, east from 227 Lord 

to 144 Montgomery. 
Pittsburgh, north from Sa- 
voy to Baraga. 
Pixley Avenue, west from 
South Park av. to Zollers 
av. 
Playter, north from 144 
Curtiss to 1087 Broad- 
way. 
Pleasant Place, north from 
246 Florida to 200 E. 
Delavan av. 
Plymouth Avenue, north-west 
from 306 Hudson to 116 
Breckenridge. 
269 Connecticut. 
547 Hampshire. 
749 Breckenridge. 
Polish Place, south from 
105 Seward to Buffalo 
creek. 
Pomeroy, north-east from 
Buffalo river to 1665 
Seneca. 
Pomona Place, north-east 
from 1835 Seneca to Buf- 
falo creek. 
Pooley Place, east from 357 

Dewitt to 468 Grant. 
Poplar Avenue, north from 
836 Walden av. to 440 
Doat. 
Portage, north from 546 E. 
Utica to 538 Glenwood av. 
Porter Avenue, east from 
Lake Erie to The Circle. 
259 Niagara. 
523 Fourteenth. 

193 



Portland, from 1200 Abbott 
rd, north-east to Caze- 
novia creek. 
Potomac Avenue, east from 
Erie canal to 1475 Dela- 
ware av. 
251 Grant. 
485 Richmond av. 
721 Chapin pky. 
Potter, north from 48 Wil- 
liam to 173 Broadway. 
Potter's Corners Road, 
south-east from 1448 Ab- 
bott rd. to city line. 
265 Niantic. 
Poultney, north from 904 
Kensington av. to 2257 
Amherst. 
Prairie, east from Fuller to 

808 Tonawanda. 
Pratt, north from 448 
Eagle to 379 Genesee. 
269 Broadway. 
451 Genesee. 
Prenatt, east from 1 Euclid 
pi. to Buffalo creek. 
217 Lee. 

495 Buffalo creek. 
Prenatt Alley, from 322 Ab- 
bott rd. to Prenatt. 
Preston, north from 344 W. 
Ferry to 335 Auburn av. 
Pries, southwest from 77 

Triangle to Ulmer. 
Prim,e, north-west from 24 

Main to 13 Commercial. 
Princeton Place, south-west 
from 2105 Seneca to Caz- 
enovia creek. 
Prospect Avenue, north-west 
from 165 W. Huron to 
1017 Niagara. 
251 Maryland. 
531 Porter av. 
739 Rhode Island. 
949 Niagara. 
Pulaski, north from 1939 

Clinton to 94 Griswold. 
Pullman Place, east from 
85 Schutrum to 1650 
Bailey av. 
Purdy, north from 169 
Laurel to 88 Northland 
av. 

181 E. Ferry. 
Putnam, north from 468 W, 
Ferry to 371 Lafayette 
av. 

Quarry, north from 127 Ce- 
ment to 380 E. Hertel av. 

Quay, east from 119 Mam 
to 138 Washington. 

Queen, east from 1763 Wil- 
liam to Goethe. 

Quincy, south from 1427 
Broadway to 18 Amity. 



Bace, east from 515 Mili- 
tary rd. to Elmwood av. 
then east from Jarvis to 
Mobile. 

241 Elmwood av. 
Railroad, east from 421 
Hamburg to 19 Griffin. 
287 Hydraulic. 
Ralph Alley, north from 
142 Burton to 713 Vir- 
ginia. 
Ramsdell Avenue, west from 
2692 Delaware av. to 
Grove. 

244 Elmwood av. 
Randall, north from 20 Su- 
perior to 349 William. 
Randle, south from 2133 
Genesee to 46 Hemenway. 
Range Avenue, north from 

Cement to La Salle av. 
Rano, east from 653 Tona- 
wanda to Harold av. 
272 Bleeker av. 
Rapin Place, north from 
488 Walden av. to 1699 
Genesee. 
Rawlins, south from 1761 

Genesee to Rohe. 
Reading, east from South 

Park av. to Hopkins. 
Red Jacket, north from 514 

Elk to 589 Seneca. 
Redmond Avenue, north from 
130 St. Lawrence av. to 
824 Kenmore av. 
Reed, north from 876 Broad- 
way to 951 Genesee. 
151 Sycamore. 
Rees, north from 286 Forest 
av. to Scajaquada creek. 
238 Jessemine. 
Regent, east from 1359 Bai- 
ley av. to 235 Greene. 
Regina Place, north from 
388 Florida to 18 Mohi- 
can av. 
Reimann, east from 367 
Greene to city line. 
221 Schiller. 
Remington Avenue, south- 
west from 1750 Seneca 
to Cazenovia creek. 
Remoleno, west from 814' 
S. Park av, to 187 Tri- 
angle. 
Republic, east from 193 
Louisiana to 67 Ham- 
burg. 
Reservation, north from 536 

Amherst to 149 Grote. 
Rex Place, north from 480 

Northland av. to Buell. 
Rey, east from 183 Mort- 
imer, to 586 Jefferson. 
Reynolds Alley, south-east 
from 189 Pennsylvania. 



Rhode Island, east from 795 
Front av. to 394 Rich- 
mond av. 

223 Plymouth av. 
535 Richmond av. 
Rich, north from 948 Gene- 
see to 679 Best. 
Richfield Avenue, east from 
503 South Park av. to 
519 South Side pky. 
Richlawn Avenue, north 

from 400 Leroy av. 
Richmond Avenue, north 
from The Circle to 475 
Forest av. 
241 Bryant. 
525 Breckenridge. 
760 Potomac av. 
Rlckert Avenue, north from 
64 Sidney to 512 North- 
land av. 
Riley, east from 1321 Main 
to Humboldt pky. 
327 Jefferson. 
486 Wohlers. 
725 Fillmore av. 
Ripley Place, north-west 
from 518 Connecticut to 
430 Vermont. 
Ritt Avenue, east from 840 
Military rd. to 232 Clay- 
ton. 
River, northwest from 203 
Erie to 342 W. Genesee. 
Riverside Avenue, east from 
2477 Niagara to 214 
Rano. 

238 Ontario. 
River View Place, south 
from 1817 Seneca to Caz- 
enovia creek. 
Roanoke Avenue, north from 
1217 Hertel av. to Taun- 
ton. 
Roberts Avenue, south from 
1641 Clinton to Penna. 
tracks. 
Robie, west from 2180 Main 

to 39 Parkside av. 
Robins, north-east from 
1045 Abbott rd. to Caz- 
enovia creek. 
Rochester, north from Savoy 

to Baraga. 
Rochevot Alley, north from 
29 Burton to 601 Vir- 
ginia. 
Rock, north-west from 343 
W. Genesee to Wilkeson. 
Rodney, east from 2496 

Main to 114 Hill. 
Roebling, north from Lang 
av. to 1128 E. Delavan 
av. 
Roehrer Avenue, north from 
510 Best to 405 E. Ferry. 
259 E. Utica. 



Roesch Avenue, east from 
Tonawanda to Kenmore 
av. 

245 Rosedale. 
433 Kenmore av. 

Roesser Avenue, east from 
Roberts av. to 73 Kel- 
burn. 

Roetzer, north from 146 
Walden av. to 1340 Gene- 
see. 

Rogers Avenue, north from 
2110 Genesee to Lang av. 

Rohe, east from Rapin pi. 
to 210 Sumner av. 

Rohr, north from 128 Wal- 
den av. to Northampton. 

Roland, east from Buffalo 
Southern tracks, crossing 
Hopkins to innner lot. 

Roma Avenue, north from 
1500 E. Delavan av. to 
inner lot. 

Rommel, north from 1335 
Broadway. 

Roosevelt Avenue, aast from 
Bailey av. south of Kens- 
ington av. to Eggert. 

Boot, east from Erie canal 
to 382 Trenton av. 

Rosalia, south from 946 
Hertel av. to Belt Line 
tracks. 

Bose, north from 938 Vir- 
ginia to 365 E. North. 
290 E. North. 

Bosedale, north from* 53 
Zinns to 314 O'Neil. 

Boseville, east from 213 
Larkin to Griffin. 

Boslyn, north from 1950 
Genesee to Scajaquada 
creek. 

Boss Avenue, east from 946 
Tonawanda to Bleeker av. 

Bother Avenue, north from 
1164 Broadway to 120 
Walden av. 
195 Sycamore. 

Bounds Avenue, east from 
3415 Bailey av. to Eggert. 

Boyal Avenue, east from 
2444 Niagara to 276 On- 
tario. 

266 Ontario. 

Buhl Avenue, east from 760 
Military rd. to 150 Clay- 
ton. 
Buhland Avenue, south from 
272 Walden av. crossing 
Sycamore to an inner lot. 
Bumsey Boad, north-east 
from Delaware av. to Am- 
herst. 
Bussell, east from 302 Park- 
side av. to N. T. Central 
tracks. 



193 



Rutgers, east from Bailey 

av. to Eggert. 
Buth Avenue, northwest 

from 393 Ontario to 191 

Esser av. 
Butland, north-east from 

1188 Abbott rd. to Caz- 

enovia creek. 
Byan, north-east from 2013 

Seneca to 6 Frank av. 

Sage, north-east from 1800 

Seneca to Buffalo creek. 
Saginaw, east from 67 Ham- 
burg south of O'Connell 

av. 
St. Clair, north east from 

524 Ohio to South. 
St James Place, west from 

Chapin pky. to 891 Elm- 
wood av. 
St. John's Place, west from 

54 Wadsworth to 26 Or- 

ton pi. 
St. Joseph Avenue, south 

from 537 Walden av. to 

30' W. Shore av. 
St. Lawrence Avenue, east 

from Fitzgerald to Alden 

av. 

215 Campbell av. 
St Louis Avenue, south from 

1465 Genesee to Walden 

av 
St. Paul, earst from 1081 

Main to 806 Welmont pi. 
St. Stanislaus Place, south 

from 136 Seward to Buf- 
falo creek. 
St. Stephen's Place, south 

from 195 Abbott rd. and 

east to Smith. 
Salem, north-east from 1292 

Abbott rd. to Cazenovia 

creek. 
San Domingo AUeyi, east 

from 214 Emslie to 90 

Clare. 

180 Montgomery. 
Sanford, north f rom 180 

Gesl to 135 Leroy av. 
Saranac Avenue, north from 

180 Colvin to 214- Ta- 

coma. 
Saratoga, north from 244 

Ontario to Tonawanda. 
Sattler, north f rom 395 

Doat to Hemenway. 
Savoy, east from Buffalo 

Southern tracks to Hop- 
kins. 

274 Germania. 
Sayre, west from 390 Mili- 
tary rd. to N. Y. Central 

tracks. 
Sayhrook Place, north and 

east from Chapin pky. to 

Pelaware av. 



Scatcherd, east from 118 

Peabody. 
Scheu's .Park, from 41 
Brinkman to 43 Sumner 
av. 
Schiller, north from 1742 
William to 1995 Broad- 
way. 

269 Vanderbilt. 
495 Broadway. 
Schlenker, east from 58 
Schmarbeck to 220 Per- 
son. 
Schmarbeck, north from 
1310 Broadway to Sch- 
lenker. 
School, north-east from 995 

Niagara to 161 Albany. 
Schuele Avenue, north from 
1012 E. Ferry to 817 E. 
Delavan av. 

292 E. Delavan av. 

Schutrum, north from 1560 

Broadway to West Shore 

tracks. 

Schuyler, east from 11 Hag- 

erman to 2 Fillmore av. 

Scotia, north from Hertel 

av. to Taunton pi. 
Scott, east from 97 Main 
to 248 Chicago and from 
369 Alabama to 358 
Smith. 

250 Chicago. 
457 Alabama. 
746 Hydraulic. 
Scoville Avenue, north from 
80 Dorothy av. to 50 
Manitoba. 
Seabrook, north-west from 
95 Doyle av. to 430 
O'Neil. 
Sears, north from 118 Cur- 

tiss to 1061 Broadway. 
Selkirk, north from 871 Elk 
to 975 Seneca. 
192 Exchange. 
Seneca, east from 223 Main 
to city line. 
279 Chicago. 
500 Spring. 
738 Emslie. 
1069 Peabody. 
1221 Imson. 
1506 Bailev av. 
1719 South Park av. 
1940 Mineral Spring rd. 
2270 Indian Church av. 
2450 Wildwood. 
Seneca, West, west from 224 

Main to 120 Erie. 
Seneca Parkside, south-west 
from 2231 Seneca to in- 
ner lot. 
Seneca Place, north from 
248 Seneca to 59 Myrtle. 



Sessions, west from Virgil 

to 2635 Delaware av. 
Seventeenth, north from 150 

Richmond av. to 395 Ver- 
mont. 
Seventh, north-west from 

209 Court to 915 Front 

av. 

246 Virginia. 
525 Jersey. 
741 Vermont. 
925 Front av. 
Seward, east from Barnard 

to city line. 
Seymour, east from 610 

Swan to Lord. 
Shawnee Avenue, east from 

64 Richlawn to 35 Lib- 
erty av. 
Sheffield Avenue, east from 

390 South Park av. to 

1560 Abbott rd. 

228 South Side pky. 
Shelton Square, junction of 

Main, Erie, Church and 

Niagara. 
Shenandoah Road, east from 

Abbott rd. to Tuscarora. 
Shepard, north from 1604 

Broadway to West Shore. 
Sheridan Avenue, north 

from 874 E. Ferry to 695 

E. Delavan av. 

264 E. Delavan av. 
Sheridan Terrace, south 

from Massachusetts av. 

and Front av. to the 

Front . 
Sheriff Avenue, east from 

792 Military rd. t© 183 

Clayton. 
Sherman, north from 188 

Howard to 565 Best. 
283 Broadway. 
563 Genesee. 
735 Best. 
Sherwood, north from 250 

Hampshire to 135 Arkan- 
sas. 
Shields Avenue, north-west 

from 554 W. Utica to 264 

Massachusetts av. 
Shirley Avenue, east from 

10 Cordova av. to 3280 

Bailey av. 

270 Lenox av. 
Short, from 422 Hertel av. 

north to 25 Gladstone. 
Shoshone, north from 1990 

Hertel av. to Erie tracks. 
Shumway, north from 238 

Howard to 791 Broadway. 
225 Lovejoy. 
Sibley, south from 76 Down- 
ing to city line. 



194 




LOOKING WEST FROM SHELTON SQUARE 




VIEW AT THE FRONT 



Sidney, east from 687 Hum- 
boldt pky. to 1562 Fill- 
more av. 
Sidway, north from Erie 

tracks to 497 Elk, 
Sienkiewicz Place, east from 
689 Fillmore av. to 234 
Gibson. 
Simon, north from 15 Race 

to 27 Layer av. 
Sirrett, east from 609 Hop- 
kins to 210 Triangle. 
Sixteenth, north from 96 
Richmond av. to 357 Ver- 
mont. 
Skillin, north-west from 574 
Ontario to 265 O'Neil. 
254 O'Neil. 
Sloan, east from Black Rock 
harbor to 1422 Niagara. 
Smith, north from Buffalo 
creek to 817 Broadway. 
241 Elk. 
465 Seneca. 
793 Howard. 
1027 Lovejoy. 
Sobieski, north from 1136 
Broadway to 91 Walden 
av. 

191 Sycamore. 
Soldiers' Place, Lincoln pky. 

and Bird av. 
South, east from 442 Ohio 

to 2 Hamburg. 
Southampton, east from 995 
Ellicott to 1154 Jefferson. 
191 Masten. 
Southard, north from 1222 

Elk to 1273 Perry. 
South Cedar, north from 386 

Seneca to 377 Swan. 
South Division, east from 
309 Main to 110 Fillmore 
av. 

279 Pine. 
563 Jefferson. 
759 Bond. 
914 Fillmore av. 
South Michigan, south from 
Buffalo river opposit foot 
of Michigan to Sea Wall. 
South Ogden, north from 
308 Mineral Spring rd. to 
363 Dingens. 
272 Casimir. 
493 Griswold. 
South Park Avenue, north 
from city line to 1719 
Seneca. 

190 Marilla. 
552 Tifft. 
864 Abbott rd. 
1119 Seneca. 
South Side Parkway, north 
from city line to Abbott 
rd. and South Park av. 
263 Hollywood av. 



556 Tifft. 
728 Hubbell av. 
Spaulding, east from 580 
Hopkins to 183 Triangle. 
Spencer, south from 1095 

William to lot 58. 
Spiess, north from 1240 

Genesee to 67 Bardol. 
Sprenger, north from 460 
Doat to 2150 Genesee. 
247 Genesee. 
Spring, north from 500 Sen- 
eca to 151 Cherry, 
279 William. 
529 Sycamore. 
Spruce, north-west from 304 
Broadway to 31 Cherry. 
Staats, north from 165 

Court to 134 Niagara. 
Stanislaus, east from 877 
Fillmore av. to 86 Lath- 
rop. 

213 Kosciuszko. 
Stanley, east from 1387 
Bailey av. to 262 Greene. 
Stanton, north from 214 
Howard to 763 Broad- 
way. 

223 Lovejoy. 
Starin Avenue, north from 
1630 Amherst to 1724 
Hertel av. 

211 Huntington av. 
State, north-east from 37 

Water to 84 Canal. 
Station Alley, north from 
W. Mohawk to Genesee 
east of Pearl. 
Stephen Place, north from 
175 Esser av. to 25 Eck- 
hert. 
Sterling Avenue, north from 
275 Linden av. to Taun- 
ton pi. 

238 Tacoma av. 
Stetson, south from 458 

Howard to Metcalfe. 
Steuben Alley, east from 
115 Clare to Fillmore av. 
Stevens, south-east from 

Mechanic to Erie canal. 
Stevens Avenue, north from 
1042 E. Ferry to 848 E. 
Delavan av. 

286 E. Delavan av. 
Stevenson Avenue, north- 
east from 1070 Abbott rd. 
to Cazenovia creek. 
Stewart, north from 937 
Walden av. to 516 Doat. 
Stone, east from 1546 Bai- 
ley av. to 410 Greene. 
Storz Avenue, north from 
420 E. Utica to 72 Wins- 
low av. 

196 



Strathmore Avenue, soutlh 

from 1222 Abbott rd. to 

612 South Side pky. 

Strauss, north from 900 

Broadway to 975 Genesee. 

153 Sycamore. 

Suffolk, south from Rounds 

av. to Kensington av. 
Sugar, east from 2727 Bai- 
ley av. to city line. 
Summer, west from 1130 
Main to 155 York 
240 Elmwood av. 
421 York. 
Summer Place, north from 

Perry to 1320 Seneca. 
Summit Avenue, north from 
70 Oakwood to 535 Cres- 
cent av. 

250 Amherst. 
Sumner Avenue, north from 
150 West Shore av. to 
248 Doat. 
210 Rohe. 
Sunnyside Avenue, north 
from 548 Hertel av. to 
12 Holmes av. 
Sunset, north from 650 Her- 
tel av. to 80 Race. 
Superior, east from 227 

Spring to 310 Jefferson. 
Sussex, east from 460 
Grider to 457 Northum- 
berland av. 

220 Northumberland av. 
Sutton Lane, east from 

3220 Main. 
Swan, east from 275 Main 
to 720 Seneca. 
267 Chicago. 
521 Hamburg. 
713 Seneca. 
Swan, West, west from 276 

Main to 163 Terrace. 
Sweeney, north from 974 

Genesee to 717 Best. 
Sweet Avenue, north from 
404 Lovejoy to 71 Wal- 
den av. 

271 Stanislaus, t 
• 500 Walden av. 
Swinburne, north from 51 
Amity to 1451 Broadway. 
Sycamore, east from 239 
Oak to 447 Walden av. 
243 Hickory. 
445 Jefferson. 
715 Herman. 
1028 Rother av. 
1266 Goodyear av. 
Sylvan Alley, north from 
390 Clinton to 231 Wil- 
liam. 

Tacoma Avenue, east from 
2475 Delaware av. to 
Varson. 

253 Colvin av. 



TaH i*lace, east from 235 
Starin av. to 237 Voor- 
hees av. 

Tarkio Place, east from 
Bailey av. to Eggert. 

Tamarack, north-east from 
1236 Abbott rd. to Caz- 
enovia creek. 

Taunton, west from Dela- 
ware av. to 365 Norwalk 
av. 

100 Lovering av. 

Taylor Place, from 15 Josie 
pi. north to 15 Macam- 
ley. 

Teller, north from 1600 Her- 
tel av. to Taunton. 

Tennessee, north from 44 
South to 167 Mackinaw. 

Tennyson Avenue, north 
from 1105 Hertel a v. to 
36 Tacoma av. 

Tenth, north-west from 244 
Carolina to 247 Hudson. 

Teresa Place, south from 
2231 Seneca to inner lot. 

Terrace, northwest from 156 
Main to 180 Court. 
240 Church. 

Texas, south from 1270 E. 
Delavan av. to Scaja- 
quada creek. 

Thackery, north from 1025 
Hertel av. to Olive. 

Thatcher Avenue, north from 
970 Kensington av. to 
2316 Amherst. 

Theodore, north from 335 
Doat to 2050 Genesee. 

Third, (heel-path of Erie 
canal), north from Gen- 
esee to Porter av. 

Thomas, north from 97 Met- 
calfe to 875 William. 

Thompson, northwest from 
120 Parish to 121 Far- 
mer. 

177 Austin. 

Thornton Avenue, west from 
3105 Bailey av, to 98 
Comstock av. 

Tiflfany Place, east from 
Wyoming av. south of 
Kensington. 

Tifft, east from 784 Ham- 
burg turnpike to 606 
South Park av. and from 
115 Ithaca pi. to 556 
South Side pky. 
594 Abby. 
725 Hopkins. 
955 South Park av. 

Tillinghast, west from 435 
Parkside av. to 36 Col- 
vin. 

Timon, north from Dodge 
to 446 Northampton. 



Tioga, east from 2259 t)ela- 

ware av. to 31 Fairchild 

Pl. 
Titus Avenue, north from 

1409 Broadway to 1246 

Sycamore. 

250 Sycamore. 
Toledo, south from 1420 

Kenmore av. 
Tonawanda, north from 

1649 Niagara to city line. 
233 Amherst. 
505 Hertel ave. 
762 Ontario. 
1020 Esser ave. 
1269 City line. 
Tousey, north from 468 

Broadway to 343 Syca- 
more. 
Town Line Road, east from 

2736 Delaware av. to 

Englewood av. 
Townsend, north from 714 

William to 899 Broadway. 
269 Broadway. 
Townsend, west from Erie 

canal to L. Erie, opposit 

Hudson. 
Tracy, west from 314 Dela- 
ware av. to 277 Carolina. 
Tremont Avenue, north from 

448 Bird av. to 445 

Forest av. 
Trenton Avenue, north-west 

from 257 Court to 79 

Pennsylvania. 
210 Virginia. 
419 Pennsylvania. 
Tresselt, east from 65 Dom- 

edian av. to 65 Eller av. 
Trestlei west from 1412 

Bailey av. then south to 

897 Lovejoy. 
Trestle Alley, north from 

851 Lovejoy. 
Triangle, north-west from 

504 South Park av. to 

799 Abbott rd. 
253 Good av. 
Trinidad Place, south from 

167 Kensington av. 
Trinity, west from 376 Del- 
aware av. to 327 Virginia. 
Troost, east from Mandan 

to 60 Rosalia. 
Troupe, north from 1260 

Seneca to Penna. tracks. 
Trowbridge, east from 480 

Hopkins to 102 Triangle. 
Troy Place, north from 228 

Ontario. 
Tryon Place, north from 338 

Auburn av. to 313 Forest 

av. 

225 Potomac av. 
Tupper, East, east from 707 

Main to 718 Michigan. 



Tupper, West, west from 
716 Main to 317 Vir- 
ginia. 

Tuscarora Road, south-east 
from 1500 Abbott rd. to 
Shenandoah rd. 

Tuxedo Place, north from 
590 Hertel av. to 43 
Holmes. 

Twelfth, north from 308 
Virginia, to 311 Mary- 
land. 

Tyler, east from Erie tracks 
to 11 Cornell. 

Ullman, north-west from 
236 Esser av. to 215 
O'Neil. 

Ulmer Avenue, east from 
451 Hopkins to Pries. 

Unger Avenue, south from 
1741 Seneca to Cazenovia 
creek. 

Union, north from 250 
Eagle to 89 William. 

Urban, east from 1308 Fill- 
more av. to 216 Moselle. 
175 Kehr. 

Utica, East, east from 1381 
Main to 1367 Fillmore av. 
311 Jefferson. 
587 Humboldt pky. 
710 Fillmore av. 

Utica, West, west from 1382 
Main to 293 Massachus- 
etts. 

271 Elmwood av. 
521 Rhode Island. 

Utley Alley, north-west from 
144 Wilkeson to 203 
Georgia. 

Vandalia, north from 126 
South to 247 Mackinaw. 

Vanderbilt. east from 271 
Greene to 269 Schiller. 

Vanduzer, north-east from 
Buffalo river to 1699 Sen- 
eca. 

Van Rensselaer, north from 
627 Elk to 709 Seneca. 
211 Carroll. 

Varson, north from 1650 
Hertel av. to Taunton nl. 

Vary, east from 153 Spring 
TO 226 Jefferson. 

Vermont, east from 734 
Front av. to 306 Rich- 
mond av. 

249 Normal av. 
483 Richmond av. 

Vernon Place, west from 
2590 Main to 35 Fair- 
field. 

Verona, south-west from 
290 Triangle to 40 Buf- 
falo. 

Verplanck, north from 264 
E. Utica to 221 E. Ferry. 



197 



viaduct Place, Abbott rd. 

and Elk, 
Victoria, east from 2254 

Fillmore av. to 85 Hill. 
Villa Avenue, east from 271] 

Delaware av. to Kasota 

av. 
Vincennes, east from 72 

South to 193 Mackinaw. 
Vine, east from 157 Oak to 

474 Michigan. 
Viola Park, west from 30 

Daisy tt) Pansy pi. 
Virgil Avenue, north from 

1172 Hertel av. to 20 

Taunton. 

250 Taunton. 
Virginia, north-east from 

Erie canal to Mariner st., 

thence east to 786 Jef- 
ferson. 

271 West av. 
552 Main. 
725 Michigan. 
997 Jefferson. 
Virginia Place, north from 

472 Virginia to 82 Allen. 
Voorhees, north from 1686 

Amherst to 1790 Hertel 

av. 

213 Huntington av. 

Wabash, north from Ohio 

to Mackinaw. 
Wadsworth, north-west from 
253 Allen to The Circle. 
Wagner Place, north from 
730 Walden av. to inner 
lot. 
Wakefield Avenue, east from 
2225 Fillmore av. to 
Richland av. 
Walden Avenue, east from 
1139 Genesee to city line. 
318 Moselle. 
599 Bailey av. 
715 Wood av. 
1000 City line. 
Wallace Avenue, north from 
99 Linden av. to 1647 
Hertel av. 
Walnut, north from 376 
Eagle to 317 Genesee. 
241 Broadway. 
Walter, north from 996 Elk 

to 1115 Seneca. 
Warner Avenue, north from 
Newton to 1137 Broad- 
way. 
Warring, north from 60 
Moeller to 1865 Genesee. 
Warwick Avenue, east from 
564 Grider to 2336 Bai- 
ley av. 

220 Northumberland av. 
410 Bailey av. 



Washington, north from 
Buffalo river to 17 High. 
237 Seneca. 
525 E. Huron. 
703 E. Tupper. 
979 High. 

Wasmuth Avenue, north 
from 210 Walden av. to 
1384 Genesee. 

Wasson, north from 1168 
Seneca to Penna. tracks. 

Water, north-west from 22 
Commercial to 270 Erie. 

Watson, north from 670 
Eagle to 647 Broadway. 
285 Peckham. 

Waverly, north from 204 
Glenwood av. to 65 North- 
land av. 

244 Northland av. 

Wayne, east from Erie canal 
to 108 Tonawanda. 

Weaver Avenue, north from 
1955 Clinton to 308 
Dingens. 

Webb, north-west from 28 
Baker to 27 Mechanic. 

Weber, north from Lang av. 
to 1438 E. Delavan av. 

Webster Alley, south from 
9 Seneca to rear 201 
Main. 

Wecker, east from 10 Her- 
bert to Texas. 

Weimar, north from Buf- 
falo creek to 20 Griswold. 
257 Clinton. 

Weiss, north from Buffalo 
creek to 191 Dingens. 
287 Griswold. 

Welker, north from 282 E 
Utica to 247 E. Ferry. 

Welland, north-west from 
245 Rano to 324 Ontario. 

Wells, north from 122 Ex- 
change to 121 Seneca. 

Wells Avenue, from 160 
Zittel. north to 287 Min- 
eral Springs rd. 

Welmont Place, north from 
92 North to 80 Best. 

Wempel, east of Main, a 
continuation of Amherst 
to Erie R. R. 

Wende, north from 1805 
Genesee to Northland av. 

Werrick Alley, north from 
154 Goodell to 137 Bur- 
ton. 

Wescott, east from Babcock 
to 50 Harrison. 

Wesley Avenue, north from 
215 Beard av. to 1911 
Hertel av. 

West Avenue, north-west 
from 268 Carolina to Al- 
bany and north from 106 



Albany across Scajaquada 

creek to 29 Tonawanda. 
265 Pennsylvania. 
535 Vermont. 
823 Albany. 
1035 Auburn av. 
1235 Potomac av. 
1471 Scajaquada creek. 
West Bennett, north from 

302 Clinton to 139 Wil- 
liam. 
West Delavan Avenue, (See 

Delavan av. west.) 
West Ferry. (See Ferry 

West). 
West Forest Avenue. (See 

Forest av. West.) 
West Genesee, (See Genesee 

West). 
West Huron.. (See Huron 

West). 
West Market, north from 

120 Elk to Hamburg 

canal. 
Westminster, east from 

Bailey av. to Eggert. 
Westo Alley, west from Jef- 
ferson to Purdy south of 

E. Utica. 
West Mohawk. (See Mo- 
hawk, west). 
West Oakwood Place. (See 

Oakwood Place, west). 
West Parade Avenue, north 

from 634 Best to 596 

Northampton. 
West Peckham, east from 

3 69 Spring to 474 Jef- 
ferson. 
West Perry, west from 48 

Main to 35 Prime. 
West Shore, east from Mil- 
ler av. to 1711 Bailey av. 
West Tupper. . ( See Tupper 

West.) 
West Utica. (See Utica, 

West.) 
Wex Avenue, south from 

809 Walden av. to West 

Shore tracks. 
Weyand Avenue, north-east 

from 2068 Seneca to 58 

Frank av. 
Wheelock, north from 2040 

Clinton to 200 Griswold. 
Whitfield Avenue, east from 

725 S. Park av. to 405 

South Side pky. 
Whitlock, west from 115 

Page. 
Whitney Place, northwest 

from 177 W. Chippewa 

to 221 Hudson. 
217 Maryland. 
Wick, north from 1514 

Broadway to West Shore 

tracks. 



198 



Wightman Avenue, east and 
north from Bailey av. to 
87 Oliver. 
Wilbur, east from 506 Hop- 
kins. 
Wilcox, south from 1407 E. 
Delavan av. to Lang av. 
Wildwood Place, north-east 
from Beyer pi. east of 
Cazenovia Park. 
Wiley Place, east from 134 

Skillen to Kenmore av. 
Wilkes Avenue, north from 
1408 E. Delavan av. to 
Sugar. 
Wilkeson, east from Erie 
canal to 202 W. Mohawk. 
Willet, north from Buffalo 
creek to Dingens. 
235 Casimir. 
568 Dingens. 
William, east from 465 
Michigan to city line. 
250 Hickory. 
502 Emslie. 
761 Fillmore av. 
1067 Depot. 
1363 Erie tracks. 
]570 Longnecker. 
1721 N. Ogden. 
Willow Place, north from 

30 Kingsley to Riley. 
Willowlawn, west from 2392 

Main to Crescent av. 
Wilson, north from 740 Wil- 
liam to 1021 Genesee. 
277 Broadway. 
445 Sycamore. 
Winchester Avenue, north 
from 710 E. Ferry to 515 
E. Delavan av.. 

254 East Delavan av. 



Windsor Avenue, north from 
750 Potomac av. to Dela- 
ware Park. 
Winona, north from 1134 
Elk to 1200 Perry. 
260 Perry. 
Winslow Avenue, east from 
72 Dupont to Moselle. 
343 Humboldt pky. 
545 Kehr. 
Winspear Avenue, east from 
3200 Main to 3452 Bai- 
ley av. 

235 Lenox av. 
Winter, north-west from 
400 Massachusetts to 
Hampshire. 
Woeppel, east from 857 
Humboldt pky. to 1395 
Fillmore av. 
Wohlers Avenue, north from 
540 Best to 435 E. Ferry. 
259 E. Utica. 
Wolte Avenue, north from 
1058 Broadway to 15 
Walden av. 

181 Sycamore. 
Wood, south from Walden 
av. to 218 West Shore av. 
Woodbridge Avenue, west 
from 2860 Main to Park- 
side av. 

217 Voorhees. 
433 Parkside av. 
Woodbury Alley, north from 
Virginia west of N. Pearl. 
Woodlawn Avenue, east 
from 1477 Main to 1493 
Fillmore av., also from 
inner lot across 309 Kehr. 
247 Verplanck. 
570 Humboldt pky. 



Woodside Avenue, east from 
360 South Park av. to 
1623 Abbott road. 
224 South Side pky. 
Woodside Circle. South Side 

pky. at Choate. 
Woodward Avenue, north- 
west from Humboldt pky. 
to 575 Crescent av. 
250 Jewett av. 
495 Crescent av. 
Worcester Avenue, north 
from 606 Kensington av. 
to Leroy av. 
Wyoming Avenue, north 
from 1082 E. Ferry to 
781 Kensington av. 
280 E. Delavan av. 
510 Maple Ridge av. 

Yale Place, south-west from 
2067 Seneca to ' Caaen- 
ovia. 

Yates, south from 533 Am- 
herst to Scajaquada creek. 

York, north-east from 389 
West av. to 140 Rich- 
mond av. 

Young, south from 1253 
Broadway to N. Y. Cen- 
tral tracks. 

Zelmer, north from Doat to 
2080 Genesee. 

Zenner, north from 1775 
Genesee to 1175 North- 
• land av. 

Zinns Avenue, east from 22 
A.rgus to Skillen. 

Zittel, east from 2166 Sen- 
eca to city line. 

Zollars Avenue, north from 
300 Marilla, 



Street Railways. — All street car 
lines wholly within the city limits, 
and most of those running to out- 
side places are operated by the In- 
ternational Eailway Co., so named 
because one of its lines extends 
across the river at Niagara Falls and 
runs for several miles on Canadian 
soil. The ticket oflSice and principal 
waiting room is at Main and Court 
sts., and the general offices of the 
company are in Ellicott Square. All 
cars are operated by the overhead 
trolley, and the power used is elec- 
tricity from Niagara Falls. The 
fare within the city is 5 cents; chil- 
dren from 5 to 12 years, 3 cents. 



Tickets are sold for the convenience 
of employers and other patrons, but 
at the same price as cash fares. A 
transfer is given to take the passen- 
ger to his destination in the same 
general direction in which he started, 
but no circuit or round trip riding on 
one fare is allowd. The transfer 
must be secured when the fare is 
paid, and at each change of cars, the 
first car must be taken. 

In the central part of the city, 
south of Virginia st, the cars stop 
for passengers at the ''near^' cor- 
ner, i. e., before passing the cross 
street. Elsewhere they stop at the 
''far^' corner. There are some ex- 



199 



ceptions to this rule, which are in- 
dicated by signs reading ''Cars stop 
here," hung from the trolley wires. 

EOUTES OF CITY CAE LINES. 

ABBOTT-SOUTH PARK. S. Divi- 
sion st. from Main to Washington, 
Perry, Michigan, Elk, Abbott 
Road, Triangle, South Park to 
Ridge Road, Lackawanna; return- 
ing same route to Perry, to Main 
to S. Division. Car every 7% 
minutes. 

BEST. S. Division st. from Main, 
to Ellicott, Tupper, Elm, Best, Wal- 
den to N. Y. C. R. R.; returning, 
Walden, Best, Elm, Swan to Main 
to S. Divisino. Car every 12 min- 

BROADWAY. Exchange st from El- 
licott to Washington to Broadway 
to City Line; returning same route. 
Car every 8 minutes. 

CAZENOVIA. Abbott Road from 
Triangle, to Cazenovia, to Seneca; 
returning same route. Car every 
10 minutes. 

CHICAGO. S. Division st. from 
Main to Chestnut, Swan, Chica,go, 
Perry, Hamburg to Erie tracks; re- 
turning same route. Car every 10 
minutes. 

CLINTON. E. Eagle st from Main, 
to Michigan, to Clinton, to City 
Line; returning Clinton, Emslie, 
Eagle, Michigan, N. Division to 
Main. Car every 7^ minutes. 

CONNECTICUT. Connecticut st from 
Niagara to Normal, Jersey, Ply- 
mouth, Cottage, Day's Park, Allen 
to Main; returning, Main from 
Allen to Virginia, Elmwood, Allen, 
Wadsworth, Fourteenth, Connecti- 
cut, Niagara to Main, Car every 
15 minutes. 

EAST FERRY. East Ferry st. 
from Main to Bailey, to E. Dela- 
van, to City Line; returning same 
route. Car every 12 minutes. 

EAST UTICA. Main st. from Ter- 
race, E. Utica, French, Kehr, E. 



Ferry, Grider, Kensington, Bailey 
av. Car every 10 minutes. 

ELK. S. Division st. from Main to 
Washington, Perry, Michigan, Elk, 
to Seneca; returning same route to 
Perry, to Main, to S. Division. Car 
every 10 minutes. 

ELMWOOD. Elmwood av. from 
Hertel av. to Allen, Main, Seneca, 
Michigan, Exchange to Main. Car 
every 4 minutes from depots to 
Park; 15 minutes from Park to 
Hertel av. 

FILLMORE. Fillmore av. from 
Main to Smith, to Abbott Rd.; 
returning same route. Car every 
9 minutes. 

FOREST. Forest av. from Niagara, 
to Delaware, Delavan, Linwood, 
Balcom, to Main; returning, Har- 
vard to Delavan and same route. 
Car every 8 minutes. 

GENESEE". Genesee st. from Pine 
Hill to Main, Perry, Washington, 
Genesee. Car every 7% minutes. 

GRANT. Niagara st. from Main to 
Carolina, West av., York, Ply- 
mouth, Hampsnire, Grant, Military 
rd., to Hertel; returning, Military 
rd., Grant, Hampshire, Normal, 
Jersey, Plymouth, Hudson, West 
av., Carolina, Niagara to Main 
Car every 7 minutes. 

HERTEL. Hertel av. from Main st., 
to Tonawanda st. and return. Car 
every 15 minutes. 

HOYT. Exchange st. from Michi- 
gan to Main, Allen; Wadsworth, 
Fourteenth, Rhode Island, Che- 
nango, Baynes, Forest av.; re- 
turning, Hoyt, Hampshire, Winter, 
Brayton Seventeenth, Connecticut, 
Normal, Jersey, Plymouth, Cot- 
tage, Virginia, Main, Seneca, 
Michigan. Car every 6 minutes. 

JEFFERSON. Jefferson st. from 
Main, to Swan, Seneca, Bailey, 
Triangle, South Park to Ridge rd., 



200 



Lackawanna; returning same route. 
Car every 7% minutes to Emslie 
and 15 minutes to Eidge rd. 

MAIN. Buffalo river to City Line. 
Car every 6 minutes. 

MAIN-ZOO. Main st. from Terrace, 
to Florence, Parkside, to Belt 
Line. Car every 15 minutes. 

MICHIGAN. Exchange st from 
Main to Michigan, E. Ferry to 
Main; returning, E. Ferry, Masten, 
North, Michigan, Exchange to 
Main. Car every 8 minutes. 

NIAGAEA-GEACE. Niagara st. 
from Main to Hertel av., Tona- 
wanda st., to Gra.ce; returning, 
Grace to Niagara to Main. Car 
every 6 minutes. 

NIAGARA-O'NEIL. Niagara st. 
from Main to Hertel av., Tona- 
wanda, O'Neil to Niagara; re- 
turning, same route. Car every 6 
minutes. 

SENECA. S. Division st., from 
Main, to Washington, to Seneca 
to City Line; returning, Seneca to 
Main to S. Division. Car every 6 
minutes. 

SYCAMOEE. Walden av. from City 
Line, to Sycamore, Huron, Wash- 
ington, S. Division, EUicott, E. 
Swan to Washington. Car every 
9 minutes. 

WEST UTICA. W. Ferry st. from 
Niagara to Hampshire, Winter, 
Brayton, Utica, Main, E. Seneca, 
Michigan, Exchange; returning. 
Exchange to Main, W. Utica, Che- 
nango, W. Ferry to Niagara. Car 
every 8 minutes. 

WILLIAM. E. Eagle st. from Main, 
to Michigan, William to City Line; 
returning, William, Michigan, N. 
Division to Main. Car every ^Yo 
minutes. 

NOTE — The above car service is the 
day schedule. In the morning and 
evening the service is doubled. 



ALL NIGHT SERVICE. 

ABBOTT-SOU.TH PAEK. Cars leave 
leave Main and S. Division sts. on 
the hour, 1 a. m. to 5 a. m. Cars 
leave Eidge rd. hourly, 11.30 p. m. 
to 5.30 a. m. 

BEOADWAY. Cars from Main and 
Exchange hourly, 12.30 to 5.30 a. 
m., and cars from Broadway and 
City Line hourly, 12 midnight to 
5 a. m. 

CLINTON. Cars from Main and N. 
Division hourly at 36 minutes past 
the hour, 12.36 a. m. to 5.36 a. m. 
Cars from City Line, 6 minutes 
past the hour, 1.06 a. m. to 5.06 
a. m. 

EAST UTICA. Cars from Exchange 
and Main hourly, 2 to 5 a. m. 
From E. Ferry and Kehr hourly 
2.30 to 5.30 a. m. 

ELMWOOD. Cars from N. Y. C. de- 
pot hourly at 30 minutes past the 
hour, 1.30 a. m. to 5.30 a. m. Cars 
from Elmwood av. and Belt Line, 
on the hour, 1 a. m. to 6 a. m. 

GENESEE. Cars from Exchange and 
Main half-hourly at 30 minutes 
past the hour, 1.30 a. m. to 5 a. 
m. Cars from Pine Hill on the 
half hour, 12.30 a. m. to 5.30 a. m. 

HOYT. Cars from N. Y. C. depot 28 
and 58 minutes past the hour, 12.58 
a. m. to 5.28 a. m. Cars from Hoyt 
and Forest on the hour and half 
past, 12.30 a. m. to 5 a. m. 

JEFFEESON. Cars from Main and 
Jefferson hourly, 12.50 to 4.50 a. m. 
Cars from Abbott rd. hourly, 1.20 
to 4.20 a. m. 

MAIN. Cars from Main and Terrace 
at 3 and 33 minutes past the hour, 
12.03 a. m. to 5.33 a. m. Cars from 
Main and City line at 3 and 33 min- 
utes past the hour, 12.33 a. m. to 
5.33 a. m. 

NIAGAEA STEEET. Cars from 
Main and Terrace on the hour and 
half past, 1.30 a. m. to 5.30 a. m. 



201 



Cars from Tonawanda and Grace 
on the hour and half past, 1.00 to 
5.30 a. m. 

SENECA. Cars from Main and 1:5. 
Division half hourly from 1 a. m. 
to 5.30 a. m. Cars from City Line 
half hourly from 12.30 to 5.30 
a. m. Seneca night cars connect at 
Seneca and Emslie with night cars 
of Jefferson line. 

SYCAMORE. Cars from Exchange 
and Washington on the hour 1 a. m 
to 5 a. m. Cars from City Line 
hourly at 30 minutes past the hour, 
12.30 to 5.30 a. m. 

WILLIAM. Cars from Main and N. 
Division half-hourly, 12.36 a. m. to 
5.36 a. m. Cars from City Line 
half -hourly, 12.36 a,, m. to 5.06 a. m. 

INTERURBAN LINES. 

Other lines running to places 
outside of Buffalo are as follows: 
Some of them start from the Court st. 
waiting room, or Clinton st. opposit, 
and transfers good within the city 
limits are given to and from their 
cars. Others do not enter the city, 
but connect with some local line. 
BUFEALO AND DEPEW. Connects 

with Genesee st. line at Pine Hill. 

Leave Genesee st. at city limits 6 

a. m.; then every 30 minutes ti'l 

12 p. m. Leave Depew at 6 a. m.; 

then every 30 minutes till 11.30 p. 

m. 

BUFFALO AND HAMBURG. Leaves 
South Park 6.25 a. m.; then every 
30 minutes to 8 a. m.; then every 
30 minutes to 9 p. m.; then every 
30 minutes to 1 a. m. Leaves Ham- 
burg 5.55 a. m.; then every 30 min- 
utes to 9 p. m.; then every 30 min- 
utes to 12.25 a. m. 

BUFFALO, DEPEW AND LANCAS- 
TER. From Main and Clinton sts. 
15 and 45 minutes after the hour, 
to Broadway, to City line, to De 
pew and Lancaster, every half 
hour. 



GRAND ISLAND FERRY. From 

Niagara and O'Neil sts. to Grand 
Island Ferry every 15 minutes. 

KENMORE AND TONAWANDA. 
From Terrace, Main, Hertel, Vir- 
gil, Kenmore, Delaware; thru Ton- 
awandas to Gratwick. Car every 
30 minutes. 

LOCKPORT AND OLCOTT. From 
Court, Main, to Erie R. R. Tona- 
wandas, Lockport, and Olcott 
Beach. Car for Lockport leaves 
Main and Michigan sts. at 5.18 a. 
m.; leaves Court st. at 6.05 a. m. 
and every half hour to 5.05 p. m. 
Car for Olcott leaves Lockport 20 
minutes after the hour. 

NIAGARA FALLS. From Main, 
Court, Niagara, Amherst, Military 
rd. to Tonawanda, LaSalle, Niag- 
ara Falls. Car every 15 minutes, 
from 5.15 a. m. to 12 p. m., and at 
1.30, 3.10 and 5 a. m. 

BUFFALO AND WILLIAMSVILLE. 
Connects with Main st. line. Leaves 
Main st. at city limits 6.15, 7.05, 8 
a. ni.; then every 30 minutes to 
10.30 p. m.; then 11.30 p. m. Sat- 
urdays till 12 p. m. Leave Will- 
iamsville 5.45, 6.45, 7.30 a. m.; then 
every 30 minutes to 11 p. m. Sun- 
days, leave city line every 20 min- 
utes after 9 a. m. to 12 noon; 30 
minutes to 2 p. m.; every 12 min- 
utes to 9 p. m. Last car leaves 
Williamsville 11 p. m. 

BUFFALO SOUTHERN RAILWAY 

COMPANY. 
HAMBURG AND ORCHARD PARK 

Division. Clinton st. from Main 
to Washington, to S. Division, to 
S. Cedar, to E. Swan, to Seneca, 
to city line, thence to Orchard 
Park and Hamburg. Cars leave 
Main and Clinton sts. every hour 
from 7.05 a. m. to 12.05 a. m.; ex- 
tra car leaves at 5.30 p. m. Cars 
leave Hamburg every hour from 
5.40 a. m. to 11.40 p. m. Fare from 
city line 15c., round trip 25c. 



202 



GARDENVlLLE A:N"D EBENEZER 
Division. Connecting with Sene- 
ca st. line. Leave Seneca st. at 
city limits every half hour from 
6 a. m. to 10 p. m., then at 11 and 
12 p. m. Sunday 15 minute ser- 
vice. Fare to city limits 5c.; from 
city limits to G-ardenville and 
Ebenezer, 5c. Distance from cor- 
ner Seneca and Main sts., 4i/4 
miles. 

EBENEZER AND EAST SENECA 
Division, Cars leave city line at 
Seneca st. every half hour from 
6.15 a. m. to 9.15 p. m., then hour- 
ly to 12.15 a. m. Distance 5 miles; 
fare 5c. 

THE BUFFALO AND LAKE 
ERIE TRACTION CO. runs a line, 
called the Grape Belt Route, from 
Buffalo along the shore of L. Erie 
to Erie, Pa., a distance of 90 miles. 
There is also a branch thru Lacka- 
wanna and West Seneca to Ham- 
burg. The local trolley lines in 
Dunkirk and Erie are part of this 
system, and the company also oper- 
ates the Jamestown, Chautauqua & 
L. Erie steam railroad and the steam- 
boats on Chautauqua Lake. Three 
delightful summer resorts — Orchard 
Beach, at North East, Pa., Walda- 
meer Park, at Erie and Midway 
Park on L. Chautauqua — are also 
the property of the company. Its 
general office is in Buffalo, in the 
Brisbane Bldg. The ticket office and 
waiting room are at Clinton and 
Ellicott sts. and the route of the 
cars within the city limits is thru 
Clinton, Oak and Louisiana sts. and 
along the Hamburg turnpike to 
Lackawanna. This road carries 
freight as well as passengers and 
has a freight and express terminal 
on S. Cedar st. near Seneca, 

The most important places on the 
Grape Belt Route are Lackawanna 
Athol Springs, Wanakah, Angola, 



Farnham, Irving, Silver Greek, Dun- 
kirk, Fredonia, Brocton, Westfield, 
Ripley, North East and Erie. Further 
particulars will be found in this 
Guide under the names of these and 
other places on the line, also in the 
handsome folder issued by the com- 
pany. 

Streets, Bureau of. — This is a Divi- 
sion of the department of public 
works, under a deputy commissioner. 
The bureau has charge of the clean- 
ing of streets and sewers, including 
the removal of snow and ice, the 
removal of ashes and garbage from 
houses and stores, lighting the 
streets and city buildings, the num- 
bering of buildings, placing street- 
name signs and related matters. It 
issues permits for the erection of 
business signs, for the temporary 
use of sidewalks during building op- 
erations and for moving buildings 
thru the streets. Present Deputy 
Street Commissioner, Thomas W. 
Kennedy. 

Summer Resorts. — Buffalo itself 
possesses nearly all the attractions 
of the best summer resorts. Its tem- 
perature is kept cool and invigorat- 
ing during July and August by the 
breezes from L. Erie; it has excel- 
lent hotels, livery stables and auto- 
mobile garages; and for amusements 
there are charming drives thru its 
parks and weil shaded avenues; also 
billiards, bowling, golf, boating, fish- 
ing, yachting and the theaters. Bath- 
ing beaches are just across the river. 
The convenient trolley is always at 
hand, and so are the stores, where 
the visitor can buy anything needed 
unexpectedly. Reading is furnisht 
by the book and periodical stores 
and the public libraries. The mail, 
telegraf and telefone service is of 
the best, and no resort at the sea- 
shore or in the mountains has so 
many places of interest to visit. 



203 



Niagara Falls, the greatest natural 
wonder this side of the Eocky Moun- 
tains, is close at hand. There are 
also various pleasure resorts around 
Buffalo that are frequented by the 
residents of the city for change and 
recreation, but they are not so much 
of a necessity, and so they are not 
so large nor so numerous as those 
near less favord cities. 

Among these are the Bedell House, 
Crystal Beach, Electric Beach, Fort 
Erie, Niagara-on-the-Lake and Olcott 
Beach, which are described in separ- 
ate articles. 

Supervisors. — The board of super- 
visors is the legislative body of 
Erie county, and consists of 50 mem- 
bers, one elected in each of the 25 
towns in the county and one in each 
of the 25 wards of Buffalo. Their 
term of office is two years. The 
present chairman of the board is 
Asher B. Emery. 



T 




Taxes* — The general tax on prop- 
erty in Buffalo is levied in two parts 
— the city tax, which is payable af- 
ter July 1st, and the county tax, pay- 
able after Jan. 15th in each year. 
Any assessments for public improve- 
ments levid in the preceding 12 
months are put on the same bill 
with the general city tax. A non- 
resident owner of property may ap- 
point an agent in the city and notify 
the assessors, who will have notices 
of local assessments sent to the 
agent. 

If the city tax remains unpaid 
after Aug. 1st, an addition of one 
per cent is made to it and interest is 
charged at the rate of 6 per cent 
from Aug. 1st until it is paid. If 
not paid before March 1st following, 
a penalty of 5 per cent on the total 
amount then due is added, and the 
interest continues until the property 
is sold for unpaid taxes. On May 
1st, $1 additional is charged against 
each parcel for publication of the 
notices of sale. The tax sale usually 
takes place in May and must take 
place before June 30th. 

Taxicabs. — There is only one com- 
pany in the city furnishing a taxi- 
meter cab service — The Buffalo Tax- 
icab Company. Their charges are 
regulated by an • accurate, seald 
meter, not by the driver, and are for 
the distance actually traveld, or for 
the time during which the cab is kept 
waiting. The meter shows the 
amount of the fare and the passen- 
ger pays only what the meter shows. 
This method has come into general 
favor in Buffalo, as in other cities, 
because it is rational, and for direct 
trips is in the great majority of 
cases much lower than any other rate 
can be. Compare the meter charge 
of 50 or , 60 cents for one to five 



204 







TAKING A BUFFALO TAXICAB 




A CORNER IN THEiTECK CAFE 

205 



persons from the New York Central 
depot to the principal hotels with 
the ordinary cab charge of 50 cents 
for each person. 

The rates establisht by the Taxi- 
cab Co. are 70c. for the first mile, 
40c. for each additional mile, and 
$1.50 an hour for waiting time. For 
driving and sightseeing the rate is 
$3 an hour. The rates are the same 
lor from 1 to 5 persons. Cabs may 
be taken on the street, or may be 
calld by telefone from the company's 
garage, at 32 Edward st. 

THE TOUKING CAE EQUIP- 
MENT of this company is the most 
complete in the city. Their rates are 
by the hour, day or week. 

Teck Cafe — The attractive Teck 
(!afe and Restaurant, in the Teck 
Theater building, was newly decorat- 
ed and furnisht in 1909, and re- 
opend under the management of Hull 
& Tucker. This is a most satisfac- 
tory place for regular meals or for 
little suppers after the theater, and 
special attention is paid to tourists. 
zi. corner ot tne restaurant is shown 
in a picture on the opposit page. 

Telefone Service. — Two companies, 
the New York Telephone Co., operat- 
ing the Bell feystem, and the Federal 
Telephone and Telegraph Co., oper- 
ating the Frontier System, provide 
local telefone service, and each has 
its field of long distance connections. 
The Buiialo office of the Bell system 
is at 14-16 W. Seneca st., and that 
of the Frontier is at 332 Ellicott st. 
Besides installing private instru- 
ments and branch exchanges in busi- 
ness places, hotels a.nd residences, 
each company has many public pay- 
stations in stores, office buildings and 
railroad depots. The charge is 5c. 
for three minutes' conversation with- 
in the city and the usual toll rates 
to outside points. See separate ar- 
ticles under Bell and Frontier. 



Telegraf Service. — Both the West- 
ern Union Telegraph Co. and the 
Postal Telegraph and Cable Co. have 
several offices in the city, from which 
messengers may be calld to take 
messages, by means of the call boxes 
placed in mr»nv stores, hotels and 
offices, or by telefone. Messages are 
also accepted over the telefone from 
persons who are known at the main 
offices of the companies. The name 
and address of one member of any 
business concern will be registerd 
by the companies, and when a mes- 
sage for the concern is receivd out- 
side of business hours, it will be tele- 
foned to that member. The follow- 
ing are the local offices of the two 
companies: 

POSTAL, 156 Pearl st. 

WESTERN UNION, 281, 995, and 
1512 Main st., 342 Pearl st., 524 
and 1579 Niagara st., William and 
Depot sts. 

Theaters. — Both the residents of 
Buffalo and the traveling public like 
to be entertaind, and this desire is 
amply provided for here. There is 
no stock theater in the city, hence 
many different people may be seen 
on the boards of each house in a sea- 
son. The majority of the attractions 
bookt at the local play-houses are 
musical or the lighter kind pf drama. 
A change of bill weekly or twice a 
week is the rule and longer runs 
the exception. Following is a list of 
the Buffalo theaters, with the chief 
facts about each: 

GARDEN, 164-72 Pearl st. Yaude 
ville; evenings at 8.30; daily mati- 
nees at 2.30. Prices 10c. to 50c. 
Charles E. Wince, manager. 

LAFAYETTE, 2-6 Broadway. Bur- 
lesque and vaudeville; evenings at 
8.30; daily matinees at 2.30. Prices 
10c. to 75c. Charles M. B&gg, 
manager. 



206 



LYEIC, 447-49 Washington st. Pop- 
ular drama; evenings at 8.15; mati- 
nees Tuesday, Thursday and Sat- 
urday at 2.15. Sunday concerts 
at 8.15. Prices 15c. to 75c. John 
Laughlin, manager. 

SHEA 'S, 4U-48 Court st. High grade 
vaudeville; evenings at 8.30; daily 
matinees at 2.30. Prices 15c. to 
75c. Michael Shea, manager. 

STAE, W. Genesee and Moha,wk sts. 
A high class theater, playing the 
best stars and all the biggest and 
best dramatic and musical attrac- 
tions. The interior was remod- 
eld in 1909, making it one of the 
best arranged theaters in the coun- 
try. Evenings at 8.15; matinees 
Wednesday and Saturday at 2.15. 
Prices 25c to $1.50. P. C. Cornell, 
manager. 

TECK, 768-76 Main st. Plays only 
high class attractions; evenings at 
8.15; matinees AVednesday and Sat- 
urday at 2.15. Prices 25c. to $1.50. 
J. E. Oishei, manager. 

Tifft Farm. — A large, tract of land 
at the southwestern corner of the 
city, fronting on the lake. Part of 
it has been sub-divided for manufac- 
turing plants and freight terminals. 

Tonawanda.— The town of Tona- 
wanda adjoins Buffalo on the north 
and extends along the Niagara river 
to Tonawanda creek. 

The city of Tonawanda was for- 
merly the northwestern part of the 
town, lying on the river and creek. 
It is 11 miles from Buffalo, and is 
reached by N. Y. Central or Erie 
railroad, fare 15c., round trip 25c., 
or by Tonawanda, Niagara Falls or 
Lockport electric cars, fare 15c., 
round trip 25c. It has a national 
bank, a public library, 10 churches, 
and a company of the 74th Eegt., N. 
U. S. N. Y. Population about 11,000. 

Tonawanda and North Tonawanda 



are calld the Twin Cities and form 
practically a single mercantile dis- 
trict, with the Erie canal passing 
thru its center, bounded on one side 
by a navigable river, and either tra- 
verst by or having close connections 
with 15 railroads. It is a notably 
important district, for in the first 
place it is the largest lumber mar- 
ivct in the world. Along the water 
front are hundreds of acres devoted 
to lumber yards, and the quantity 
handled in a year exceeds 500,000,000 
feet. The iron industries are nearly 
as important. Hundreds of thous- 
ands of tons of ore are smelted each 
year in its preat iron and ste^l 
plants. The largest nut and bolt 
factory in the world is here, while 
engines, boilers, structural steel, radi- 
ators, steam pipe and many other 
manufactures of iron are produced in 
large quantities. There are also ex- 
tensive factories for making merry- 
go-rounds, swings, miniature railways 
and similar amusement devices, auto- 
matic organs and pianos, silk gloves, 
cordage, paper bags, pasteboard, as- 
falt roofing, bank statiorery, etc., 
etc. The facilities for shipping to- 
gether with cheap and convenient 
power from Niagara Falls, and a reli- 
able class of labor are constantly in- 
creasing the industries of the Tona- 
wandas. A large fleet of steamers 
is required to carry that part of 
the freight shipt to and from the 
Twin Cities over the great lakes or 
the canal, and many of these boats 
are ownd by local capital. The rail- 
roads carry even more freight than 
the water lines and only two cities in 
the State, New York and Buffalo, 
exceed this locality as shippers of 
freight. A drive thru the residence 
streets reveals many beautiful homes, 
and the broad river, the canal and 
tributary creeks and the surround- 
ing country afford many pleasures 
for leisure hours. 



207 



Treasurer, City — This officer is 
elected by the people of the city for 
a term of 4 years. No one can be 
elected to this office for two terms 
in succession. The Treasurer re- 
ceives the city taxes and all other 
monies belonging to the city, and 
pays out the same on warrants issued 
by the proper officers. He also has 
the custody of the police pension 
fund and the firemen's relief and 
pension fund. All these monies are 
deposited by him in banks designated 
by the Common Council. The city 
treasurer's office is on the first floor 
of the city hall. Present City Treas- 
urer, Neil McEachren. 

Trolley Trips. — Most persons have 
much to learn about the delights of 
little journeys by trolley cars. Elec- 
tric roads, as a rule, run thru the 
prinicipal streets of cities and vil- 
lages and the most traveld high- 
ways in the country districts, taking 
the passenger in amonst the traffic 
along the route and affording close 
views of the chief places of interest. 
In the article Seeing Buffalo, sev- 
eral trips within the city limits are 
described. The following are some 
of those that can be made to out- 
side points: 

TRIP No. 1. To FORT NIAG- 
ARA, 36 miles. Take a Niagara 
Falls car to the terminal station at 
Niagara Falls; round trip, 50c. 
Thence take a Gorge Route car to 
Lewiston, and change there to a 
Youngstown, car for Fort Niagara; 
round trip from Niagara Falls, 95c. 
The route is up Niagara st., de- 
scribed in Seeing Buffalo Route No, 
1, to Tonawanda st.. to Amherst st., 
to Military Road, thru Tonawanda, 
^iorth Tonawanda and LaSalle to Ni- 
agara Falls. On the Military Road, 
the car speeds for more than 5 miles 
in a straight line thru a stretch of 
level country that will afford room 



for Buffalo's expansion for many 
years to come. 

Within the city limits, a beginning 
only has been made in using a. part 
of this great plain for sites of large 
manufacturing plants. North of 
Kenmore av., the Military rd. is the 
western boundary of Kenmore, a 
thriving village of suburban homes. 
Passing thru Tonawanda, the car 
crosses Tonawanda creek, which here 
serves as a section of the Erie canal, 
and enters North Tonawanda. A 
few only of the busy factories and 
vast lumber yards of the Twin Cities 
can be seen from the car windows. 
In the northern part of North Ton- 
awanda, the track turns west and 
climbs a high trestle, affording a 
pleasant view of Grand Hand, then' 
turns north and runs for a consi'd- 
erable distance close to the Niagara 
river. Passing thru LaSalle, the 
boulder marking the location of the 
Griffon ship yard is seen at the side 
of the road on the left. Within the 
limits of Niagara Falls the car 
passes a number of important manu- 
facturing works groupt around the 
famous power house of the Niagara 
Falls Power Co. 

The trip thru the Niagara Gorg-e 
is described elsewhere in this Guide. 
From Lewiston to Fort Niagara the 
ride is thru a fertil orchard district 
along the bank of the broad and 
placid lower reach of the Niagara 
river. 

TRIP No. 2. To PORT DAL- 
HOUSIE, Ont., 39 miles. Take a 
Niagara Falls ear to terminal station 
at Niagara Falls; round trip, 50c. 
Thence take a St. Catharines car to 
Port Dalhousie; round trip from Ni- 
agara, Falls, 80c.; time, 1 hr. 50 min. 
each way. Leaving the terminal sta- 
tion at 10 minutes past the hour, the 
St. Catharines car cros.ses the Upper 
Steel Arch bridge, runs down the 
edge of the Gorge for about two 



miles, and then turns west thru the 
principal streets of Niagara Falls, 
Ont. Leaving the city, the line tra- 
verses a garden of vineyards and 
peach orchards in the great fruit belt 
of Canada, soon passing the village 
of Stamford and the monument mark 
ing the battle ground of Beaver 
Dams (See Lundy's Lane). Thorold, 
the next town, is situated on the 
brow of the Niagara escarpment, and 
here the line crosses the Welland 
canal. From Thorold the road runs 
between the old and the new Welland 
canals to Merriton, passing the many 
paper and pulp mills and large cotton 
mills of the district. Next comes 
the beautiful city of St. Catharines, 
having many large industries ' and 
famous for its mineral springs and 
baths. The Welland Hotel and Sani- 
tarium is located in the center of 
the city. Here also is Eidley Col- 
lege for boys. It is 4 miles from here 
to Port Dalhousie, and the road leads 
thru one vast peach orchard. Skirt- 
ing the old Welland canal, we pass 
Barnesdale and its great winery on 
the way to Martindale. We are now 
running parallel with the famous 
Canadian Henley Course, absolutely 
protected, thus guaranteeing smooth 
water at any time. Port Dalhousie 
is at the L. Ontario outlet of the new 
Welland canal and is also a famous 
summer resort. From here steamers 
run to Toronto four times a day 
during the summer months. 

TRIP No. 3. To ERIE, Pa., 90 
miles. Buffalo and L. Erie Traction 
Co. 's cars run the whole distance; 
round trip, $2.9-0 ; time, 4 hrs. 50 min. 
each way. Leaving Buffalo by the 
Hamburg turnpike, the route runs 
along the lake shore, past the Lacka- 
wanna Steel Plant, thru the residence 
and summer cottage localities of 
Athol Springs, Wanakah, Nor^h 
Evans and Angola. Other places on 
the eastern division of the line are 



Farnham, where there is a militia 
camp ground, Irving in the Cattarau- 
gus Indian Reservation, Silver Creek, 
a thriving village, Dunkirk, which 
is a busy lake port with a pretty 
summer resort at Point Gratiot, and 
Fredonia, a notably attractive town 
three miles inland. 

Beyond Fredonia are Brocton, the 
chief center of the grape and wine 
industry of Western - New York, 
Westfield, an old and wealthy 
place and the junction point 
for Chautauqua, and Jamestown, 
and then Ripley, the last 
town in New York State. Cross- 
ing the line into Pennsylvania, we 
come to North East, which has sev- 
eral factories and does a large busi- 
ness in grapes, and passing thru Har- 
bor Creek and Wesleyville, we come 
to Erie, at the end of the route. 
Erie is a live, up-to-date city, with 
nearly 75,000 population. It has a 
perfect lake harbor, considerable 
shipping and many factories. Its res- 
idence sections are as attractive as 
its business section is bustling. On 
Presque Isle, which protects Erie 
harbor, is Waldameer, a most de- 
lightful summer resort ownd by the 
Traction Co. Other like resorts 

which are the property of the com- 
pany are Orchard Beach, at North 
East, and Midway Park, on Chau- 
tauqua, Lake. 

From Erie trips can be taken by 
trolley cars to Cambridge Springs, 
Pa., the famous health resort, and 
to Conneaut, O., where connections 
can be made with electric roads run- 
ning to Cleveland, Columbus, Pitts- 
burg, Cincinnati, Toledo, Detroit and 
('hicago. 

TRIP No. 4. To ROCHESTER, 69 
miles. Take a Lockport car to Lock- 
port; round trip, 50c.; time. 1 hr. 
Thence take a car to Rochester; 
round trip, $2.20; time 2 hrs. 12 min. 
to 2 hrs. 45 min. The route is up 



209 



Main st. to the Erie crossing, just be- 
yond Hertel av., thence following 
the line of the Erie railroad thru 
Tonawanda to North Tonawanda, 
thence turning east and traversing 
the villages of Hoffman, Pendleton, 
and Hodgeville to Lockport. The 
second section of the trip runs thru 
the busy manufacturing towns of 
Gasport and Middleport, thru Me- 
dina, where the well known build- 
ing stone comes from, and then thru 
Albion, the county seat of Orleans 
county, Holley and Brockport. 

TEIP No. 5. To LITTLE FALLS, 
224 miles. Follow Trip No. 4 to 
Eochester, thence by Eochester, Syr- 
acuse & Eastern Eailroad to Syra- 
cuse; round trip, $2.40; time, on local 
trains, 3 hrs. 40 min., limited trains 
2 hrs. 50 min.; thence by Oneida 
Eailway (electrified West Shore), to 
Utica; time on limited trains, 1 hr. 
28 min., and by Utica & Mohawk 
Valley Eailway to Little Falls; round 
trip between Syracuse and Little 
Falls, $2.15. 

Syracuse is a thriving city of 
about 130,000 population and the cen- 
ter of the New York salt industry. 
Its points of interest are Syracuse 
University, the State Fair Grounds, 
Onondaga County Soldiers' and Sail- 
ors' monument, Fayette Park, and 
the Cathedral of the Immaculate Con- 
ception. East of Syracuse the route 
passes thru Chittenango, which has 
sulfur springs, Canastota,, a lively 
manufacturing village, Oneida, a 
manufacturing city of 9,000 popula- 
tion and the center of a rich hop 
and dairy district, and many pleas- 
ant farming hamlets. Beyond Oneida 
is Sherrill, where hardware is made 
by the Oneida Community, the seat 
of which is in the neighboring vil- 
lage of Kenwood, and beyond Sher- 
rill is Vernon, where the yearly agri- 
cultural fair of Oneida county is 
held, 



Utica, with its elm-archt avenues, 
handsome dwellings and fine public 
buildings, is one of the most delight- 
ful cities. Of especial interest to 
visitors here are the Soldiers' and 
Sailors' monument, the Munson- 
Williams Memorial, with its interest- 
ing collection of old battle flags, 
relics and curios, the Masonic Home, 
public library, and Oneida county 
court house. 

The run from Utica down the 
Mohawk valley takes the passenger 
thru one of the most picturesque 
regions of New York State. About 
half-way to Little Falls is Ilion, 
from which place the Eemington fire- 
arms and typewriters are sent out to 
all quarters of the globe. East of 
Ilion is Herkimer, the county seat of 
Herkimer county, having a poulation 
of 6,000 to 7,000. On the eastern 
outskirts of the village, the Utica 
and Mohawk valley tracks are carrid 
over the JS. Y. Central railroad and 
W. Canada creek by Herkimer bridge, 
1,212 feet long, comprising a series of 
concrete arches 66 feet in length, 
and a central steel span of 225 feet. 
At the time of its erection, ••oncrete 
bridge work was in the experimental 
stage, and the boldness of its design 
attracted the attention of engineers 
far and near. Little Falls, the end 
of Trip 5, has a population of about 
13,000, It is a prosperous manufac- 
turing place and distributes knit 
goods and other products all over the 
country. The city is built on the 
steep slope of a hill, where the Mo 
hawk river runs thru a gorge, and 
from the high places within its limits 
the finest of views can be had in all 
directions. 

Side trips can be made from Syra- 
cuse to Auburn, to Fulton and Oneida 
L'kke; from Utica to Eome, and from 
Mohawk to Richfield Springs, Coop- 
erstown and Oneonta, 



2J0 



Tuscarora Indian Reservation. — A 

tract of more than 6,000 acres in the 
township of Lewiston. A square mile 
of this tract was given to the Tusca- 
rora tribe by the Seneca Indians in 
1780 and the rest was added later 
by the Holland Land Co. and the U. 
S. government. 



u 




University of Buflfalo.^The de- 
partments now comprised in the uni- 
versity are four professional schools 
— medicine, pharmacy, law and den- 
tistry. The present university build- 
ings were erected in 1893 and 1896 
and stand on a plot running thru 
from High to Goodrich st., near Main 
st. The three scientific departments 
are housed here and the law school 
occupies rooms in Ellicott Square. 
The total number of students is near- 
ly 500. 

The university was incorporated 
May 11th, 1846. Its first chancellor 
was Millard Fillmore, who served 28 
years, and his successors have been 
Orsamus H. Marshall, E. Carlton 
Sprague, James O. Putnam and Wil- 
son S. Bissell. The present chancel- 
lor is Charles P. Norton, and the 
secretary of the University Council 
is Frank M. Hollister. 

The ' Medical Department was or- 
ganized in 1846, and for 40 years 
was the only department of the uni- 
versity. It grew rapidly from the 
start and has ever maintaind a high 
standard of medical education, and 
has been distinguisht for advanced 
methods of teaching. It occupied for 
the first 3 years an old church build- 
ing at Washington and Seneca sts., 
and then a building erected for it at 
Main and Virginia sts., removing in 
1893 to its present home. In 1898 
the medical school of Niagara Uni- 
versity was united with this depart- 
ment, and since then the University 
of Buffalo has had the only medical 
school within a radius of 150 miles, 
in United States territory. Among 
its professors of prominence in their 
profession have been Drs. James P. 
White, Frank H. Hamilton, Austin 
Flint, John C. Dalton, Thomas F. 
EocTiester, Austin Flint, Jr., Julius 



211 



A. Miner, Charles A. Doremus, Mat- 
thew D. Mann, Kudolph A. Witthaus, 
Roswell Park, and Charles G. Stock- 
ton. The course is now 4 years. 
Tuition and laboratory fees amount 
to $140 to $185 a year. 

Since 1898, special research work 
has been carrid on by State aid, 
under the direction of the medical 
faculty, upon the causes and treat- 
ment of cancer. In 1901 a building 
known as the Gratwick Research Lab- 
oratory was erected and equipt for 
thic. work, thru the generosity of 
Mrs. William H. Gratwick and other 
i.riends &f scientific research. It 
siands on High st., opposit the Gen- 
eral Hospital. 

The Department of Pharmacy was 
organized in 1886. Its course covers 
two years and a portion of the medi- 
cal department building is set apart 
for its use. Laboratory instruction 
has been a prominent feature of the 
course from the beginning, nearly or 
quite half of the instruction being 
of this practical nature. Tuition 
fees are $100 a year. This depart- 
ment gives also a course in Analytic- 
al Chemistry^ covering 3 years. Tu- 
ition fee, $150 a year. 

In 1891 the third department wrs 
added, when the Buffalo Law School, 
founded in 1887, became the Depart- 
ment of Law of the university. The 
organizers of the school believd 
that instruction in law could best be 
given by lawyers who were engaged 
in the active practice of their profes- 
sion. Accordingly, its professors are 
all either judges of the Supreme 
Court or practising attorneys, and 
the school is located in Ellicott Sq., 
in the midst of law offices, between 
which and the class-rooms many of 
the students divide their time. The 
course covers two years, leading to 
the degree of L. L. B., and the tui- 
tion fee is $100 a year. 



The Department of Dentistry' was 
organized in 1892 and from its sec- 
ond term occupied part of the new 
building of the medical department. 
Its growth was so rapid that a three- 
story building was erected for it on 
the Goodrich st. end of the university 
proi)erty, in 1896, and a further in- 
crease in attendance compeld the ad- 
dition of a fourth story in 1902. Dr. 
Wm. C. Barrett was the first dean, 
serving till his death in 1903. The 
course is 3 years and the tuition, fee 
is $150 a year. 

Until recent years the university 
idea has found little place in this 
grouj) of professional schools. In 
order to foster a spirit of unity 
among the several departments, a 
University Day was establisht in 
1901. It is celebrated on February 
22nd each year by exercises in which 
the city officials and the public join 
with the members of the university. 

Efforts are being made to found 
a college or department of arts in 
connection with the university. 
These efforts have been so far suc- 
cessful that in 1909 a tract of 106.55 
acres at Main st. and the city line 
was bought as a location for the 
college. Funds for its buildings and 
endowment are now being raisd. In 
1910 a bill past the State legislature 
permitting the city of Buffalo to 
contribute $75,000 of school money 
to the university each year in ex- 
change for scholarships. 



212 



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218 



V 



Vosburgh & Whiting's Store — To 

see a representative Buffalo store 
in the line of stationery and office 
supplies, go to 15, 17 and 19 E. Swan 
St., where the Vosburgh & Whiting 
Co. is located. Year by year the 
business of this progressive concern 
has expanded, until it requires not 



the Wagemaker Co. Business Sys- 
tems — sectional and solid cabinets 
for tiling anything that is to be filed, 
except a saw. The Vosburgh & 
Whiting Co. has the agency for the 
Art Metal Construction' Co. 's steel 
filing cabinets and furniture, whose 
motto, ' ' Won 't Burn, ' ' attracts the 
careful business man. Also for the 
Dick Steel Safe-Cabinet, which has 
been tested to a white heat without 




STORE OF THE VOSBURGH & WHITING CO. 



only the extensive ground floor ware- 
rooms, at the above location, but 
also three entire basements for stor- 
age, and an annex on Pearl st. for 
storage and wholesale shipments. 
This company handles a large retail 
business in general and commercial 
stationery, including the equipment 
of mercantile offices with everything 
from lead pencils up to fixtures and 
furniture, also an extensive whole- 
sale and jobbing trade. 

Among the special lines carrid is 



injury to the papers within, and the 
Toledo Metal Furniture Co. 's tvpe- 
writer cabinet, chairs, etc., which are 
winning golden opinions. 

The Vosburgh & Whiting Co. is 
agent for the Sheppard Loose Leaf 
Line, including the King Eound Back 
ledger, also for the ''Loose-Leaf" 
accounting systems, embracing cash 
records, trial balances, order regis- 
ters, pay rolls, etc. Other specialties 
are the "Are and Be" flat-opening, 
loose-leaf ledgers, the Hale sectional 



214 



book-eases, the Eotary Keostyle, the 
Addressograph — a machine for ad- 
dressing envelopes and postal cards — 
and the Map and Tack Kouting Sys- 
tem, which enables the manager of a 
concern, to see at a glance the where- 
abouts of all his traveling salesmen. 
In the jobbing business, the Vos 
burgh & Whiting Co. is rated the 
largest concern in the State outside 
of New York City. 



w 




Wajiakah is a summer cottage re- 
sort on the shore of L. Erie, 12 miles 
southwest of Buffalo. Reached by 
Lake Shore or Pennsylvania railroad; 
fare 35c., round trip 55c. Also by 
Buffalo & L. Erie electric cars; fare 
25c.; round trip 45c. The summer 
residents have a golf club with excel- 
lent liniis. 

Water, Bureau of- — This is a divi- 
sion of tne department of public 
works under a deputy commissioner. 
The bureau has charge of the city 
water works, including the pumping 
station, street mains and hydrants, 
and collects the water rates. Its of- 
fice is on the ground floor of the 
Municipal building. The city water 
suppiy is obtaind from L. Erie thru 
an intake opposit the pumping sta- 
tion at the foot of Massachusetts av. 
The water is pumpt into the street 
mains, and for high service into the 
reservoir on Best st. and the water 
tower at Kensington av. a,nd Grider 
st. In the pumping sta.tion, there 
are 7 steam and 2 electric pumps in 
operation day and night, having" a 
total capacity of 202,000,000 gallons 
in 24 hours A new pumping station 
is being built at the foot of Porter 
av. and a new intake in Emerald 
channel, connected with the new sta- 
tion by a tunnel 6,600 feet long. The 
average daily consumption of water 
in 1909 was 321 gallons for each per- 
son. Water rates are payable twice 
a year — on May 1st and Nov. 1st. 
Present Deputy Water Commissioner, 
Henry L. Lyon. 

Weather Bureau. — The Buffalo sta- 
tion of the U. S. Weather Bureau is 
on the 13th floor of the Prudential 
bldg. Most of its instruments are 
placed on the roof and are self -regis- 
tering — the records being made in 



215 



the office below bj electrical connec- 
tions. These instruments indicate 
the direction and velocity of the 
wind, all changes of temperature, 
the maximum and minimum temper- 
ature of each day, the duration of 
sunshine and the amount of rainfall, 
A self-recording barometer in the 
office registers all changes in atmos- 
feric pressure. From a staff on the 
roof the storm signal flags are dis- 
playd. Visitors are reeeivd between 
1 and 4 p. m. and each year the 
classes in fysical geografy in the 
city high schools are shown the 
working of the instruments. The 
Buffalo office is in charge of David 
Cuthbertson, who ranks as a District 
Forecaster. 

Weights and Measures^ Sealer of. — 

This officer is appointed by the police 
board for one year, under civil ser- 
vice rules. His duties are to test 
the accuracy of all scales, weights 
and measures used in the sale of mer- 
chandise in the city and to report to 
the corporation counsel any viola- 
tions of the city ordinances relating 
to weights and measures that he may 
discover. 

Westfield is an important town on 
the shore of L. Erie, 58 miles south- 
west of Buffalo. Reached by the 
Lake Shore or N. Y., Chicago & St. 
Louis railroad; fare $1.45, round trip, 
$2.80. Also by Buffalo & L. Erie 
electric cars, fare $1.10, round trip 
$2.05. The part of the town on the 
lake shore is called Barcelona. West- 
field is an old and wealthy commun- 
ity, with good stores, fine hotels, 
handsome homes^ a pretty park, at- 
tractive churches and progressive 
schools. Its enterprise is shown, 
among other things, by the fine via- 
duct crossing the gulf of Chautauqua 
creek, which it built jointly with the 
electric traction company. Here is 
one terminus of the Jamestown, 



Chautauqua & L. Erie E. R., which 
skirts Chautauqua lake, stopping at 
all the summer resorts from the fam- 
ous Assembly Grounds around to 
Jamestown. Population 3,882, in 
1900. 

West Seneca is a town adjoining 
Buffalo on the southeast. Reached 
by Gardenville and Ebenezer street 
car line. Until 1909, it included the 
territory of the present city of 
Lackawanna. 

Western Savings Bank. — An insti- 
tution created for the purpose of 
encouraging thrift and the habit of 
saving on the part of the wage 
earner is The Western Savings Bank 
of Buffalo, located at Main and Court 
sts., with a history of more than half 
a century of successful business, ex- 
tending back to 1851. The reputation 
of this bank for financial solidity 
is second to none in the city. As a 
savings bank it has no capital a,nd 
issues no stock and all of the earn- 
ings belong to and are held for the 
benefit of the depositors. At the 
present time the bank is paying 4 
per cent, interest on deposits, which 
are reeeivd from $1.00 to $3,000. 

On January 1st, 1910, the bank had 
on deposit $8,010,261.94, and a sur- 
plus of $776,610.54, total asests $8,- 
786,872.48. 

The officers and directors of the 
bank are men of the highest probity 
and standing in the community, and 
the bank has fairly earnd the posi- 
tion it holds. The bank is controlld 
by the following officers and trustees: 

OFFICERS— Albert J. Wheeler, 
President; Henry Erb, First Vice- 
President; Leonard Dodge, Second 
Vice-President; Franklin W, H. 
Becker, Secretary and Treasurer; 
Edward E. Coatsworth, Attorney. 

TRUSTEES — Isaac Geiershofer, 
Henry Erb, Henry Zipp, Albert J. 
Wheeler, Howard H. Baker, Charles 



216 




WESTERN SAVINGS BANK 



217 



F. Bishop, Henry E. Boiler, Leonard 
Dodge, William F. Wendt, Franklin 
W. H. Becker, Charles G. Worthing- 
ton, William Simon, Edward E. 
Coatsworth, Charles H. Donaldson, 
Lewis J. Heintz. 

Wharves and Docks. — There is 
about 5 miles of wharfage in the 
Buffalo river, 4 miles in the City Ship 
canal, and several miles additional 
along the shore line enclosed by the 
various breakwaters. The city main- 
tains wharves (calld docks) at the 
foot of Columbia, Commercial, Dock, 
Genesee, Illinois, .Indiana, Main, 
Mississippi and Washington sts. 

White Building. — The most modern 
of the large office buildings of Buf- 
falo is the 11 story, fireproof White 
Building, which was rebuilt in 1906 
on its original site. It stands in the 
center of the banking and business 
district, fronting on Main and Erie 
sts., with an entrance on each street. 
Both sides of the building have com- 
manding outlooks; from the Main st. 
front may be seen the busiest section 
of the city, while from the Erie st. 
front there is a view across the 
Niagara river and for many miler 
up L. Erie. It is within a couple 
of minutes' walk from the post of- 
fice, city and county hall, 10 banks, 
and 9 out of 10 of the other large 
office buildings. All the principal 
street car lines, including those run- 
mng to ,the railroad depots and 
steamboat wharves, pass its doors. 

The side walls of the building are 
heavy self-supporting fire walls, and 
the interior is constructed of steel 
beams and concrete, making it fire- 
proof thruout. There are 156 ofl&ces, 
finisht in quarter-cut antique oak, 
with floors of polisht maple. Each 
office is provided with a wash-stand 
and a coat-rack, and is wired for tele- 
fones, telegraf call-boxes and electric 
clock service. The use of a large 



safe can be arranged ►for. * The 
doors are of ample width for taking 
office furniture in and out. 

The court on which the inside of- 
fices front is large, and its walls are 
faced with white glazed brick, so 
that it affords an abundance of light 
and air. The elevators are of the 
plunger type and are capable of run- 
ning at a speed of 600 feet per min- 
ute. It has been the aim of the 
owner and the architect to make this 
building as near perfect in all its 
appointments as modern ideas and 
liberal expenditure could make it, and 
it ranks today with the best office 
buildings in the country. The owner 
and manager is Seymour P. White. 

WlUiamsville is a pleasant subur- 
ban village in the town of Amherst 
about 8 miles from the Buffalo city 
hall. Beached by street cars con- 
necting with the Main st. line, and 
the Lehigh Valley railroad has a sta- 
tion here. 

Ellicott creek runs thru the village 
and supplies water power. Its banks 
are a favorit resort for pic-nickers. 
Williamsville has 5 churches, a high 
school, a grist-mill, gelatin factory 
and stone quarry. The Amherst Bee 
is publisht here weekly. Near the 
middle of the village stands a log 
house which was Gen. Scott's head- 
quarters in the War of 1812. 

Windmill Point is a summer cot- 
tage resort on the Canadian shore 
of L. Erie, about 5 miles west from 
Fort Erie. Beached by the Grand 
Trunk railroad, Buffalo and Goderich 

Women's Educational and Indus- 
trial Union. — To increase fellowship 
among women, in order to promote 
their educational and social advance- 
ment, is the object of this notably 
helpful institution. It was organized 
in 1884, and for many years has oc- 
cupied its own building, 86 Delaware 



218 




WHITE BUILDING 
219 



av., on the south side of Niagara 
Square. Membership dues are $1 a 
year; sustaiuing members pay $10, 
and there are associate memberships 
for men who wish to support its 
work. There are over 1,300 members 
of all classes. 

Women members have the use of 
the library and reading-room, free 
admission to lectures, reduced rates 
at the Noon Rest, and other priv- 
ileges. The Union conducts classes 
in cooking, sewing, dressmaking, mil- 
linery, dancing and French, the ex- 
penses of which are defrayd by mod- 
erate tuition fees. The Noon Rest 
provides luncheon at moderate prices 
and a pleasant place for members to 
spend their lunch hour. Lunch 
brought from home can also be eaten 
there. Reading is supplied to mem- 
bers by the Mary A. Ripley Library 
of about 1,500 volumes and a, read- 
ing room in which are the best cur- 
rent magazines and newspaj)ers. In 
the Handiwork Department, articles 
made by women are sold for a small 
commission. The Committee on Pro- 
tection aids members to collect 
money due them. The Union also 
gives free lessons in cooking to girls 
wishing employment at general house- 
work. 

The building is open from 9.30 a. 
m. to 9 p. m., Sunday a,nd holidays 
excepted; during the summer months 
it closes at 6 p. m. The LTnion is 
non-sectarian and is guided by the 
Golden Rule. It aims to provide that 
any woman in need shall receive 
sympathy, counsel and help suited to 
her need, whatever the need may 
be. Its officers are: Mrs. Thomas 
B. Reading, president; Mrs. Charles 
E. Selkirk, corresponding secretary; 
and Miss Jean Agnew, superinten- 
dent. 






Young Men's Christian Association. 

— In a prominent location at Mo- 
hawk, Genesee and Franklin sts., 
stands the central building of the 
Y. M. C. A. of Buffalo. It consists 
of a 10-story main section, with a 4- 
story wing on each side, a,nd cost, in- 
cluding the lot and equipment, $450,- 
000. The association removed from 
its former building at 19 W. Mohawk 
St., to this one in 1903. It owns also 
a building at Genesee and Davis 
sts., occupied by its Genesee st. De- 
partment, which was opend in 1905, 
and another at 327 W. Ferry st., 
erected for the West Side Depart- 
ment in 1909. In addition to these 
departments, there are 5 branches 
especially for railroad men. At the 
central department there are social 
rooms, class rooms, a gymnasium 50 
by 90 feet, with a large swimming 
pool, a lecture hall, a circulating 
library, an employment bureau, a 
restaurant and 60 bed rooms which 
are rented to members. There is also 
a boys' department, having separate 
social rooms and a separate gym- 
nasium. A large number of Bible 
classes are carrid on here, also 
classes in many commercial and in- 
dustrial subjects and various lec- 
tures and entertaiments are given. 
There is a Camera Club composed 
of members, also a Science Club, 
each occupying rooms fitted up for 
their respective purposes. The Y. M. 
C . A. also has a number of athletic 
teams, which hold spirited competi- 
tions. The yearly fees for men are 
$3, the use of the gymnasium is $10, 
and the tuition fees for the educa- 
tional classes are moderate. For 
boys from 12 to 18 years old, the 
membership fee is $2 a year and the 
gymnasium fee is $4. The railroad 
branches are entirely supported by 



220 




WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL AND INDUSTRIAL UNION 

221 



the dues of members and appropria- 
tions made by the various railroads. 
In the other departments the mem- 
bers pay about 70 per cent of the 
cost of maintenance and the rest is 
raisd by subscription. The total 
membership of all departments is 
about 5,500. 

The library in the central building 



men to room where their surround- 
ings are congenial and beneficial. 

The president of the board of di- 
rectors is Hugh Kennedy and the 
general secretary is Alfred H. Whit- 
ford. 

Young Women's Christian Associa- 
tion. — The association is organized to 





YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION 



is situated on the 3d floor and is 
open from 9 a, m. to 10 p. m. It 
consists of over 10,000 volumes, and 
400 periodicals are kept on file, in- 
cluding 125 daily newspapers from 
80 cities. Most of the books circu- 
late. 

The association is building a 10- 
«tory Men's Hotel on Pearl st., ad- 
joining its central building, which 
wjll enable a large number of young 



provide an all-around development 
for the women and girls of Buffalo. 
It has four centers of work. 

1. The association building, at 19 
West Mohawk st., contains the main 
offices, the cafeteria lunch room, the 
reading and rest rooms, the gjrmna- 
sium, the swimming pool and the do- 
mestic art and science rooms. Here 
are carrid on the chief activities of 
the association, educational classes 



2^2 



of various kinds, fysical work, Bible 
study and social gatherings. 

2. The Association Home, at 10 
Niagara sq., is a members' dormi- 
tory at reasonable rates. Here also 
are accommodations for women who 
are traveling alone and are strangers 
in the city. 



corresponding secretary, Mrs. E. M. 
McBrier; general secretary, Miss Lil- 
lian E. Janes. 

Youngstown, N. Y. — A village on 
the Niagara river near its mouth. 
Eeached by street cars from Lewis- 
ton; fare 20c., round trip 25c. Also 
by ferry from Niagara Falls, Ont.; 



■■:.„,jPi:iiiit: 



iJisii 



YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION 



3. * The Travelers ' Aid deaconess 
at the New York Central station as- 
sists and directs whatever women 
may need her help. 

4. Student branches are organized 
in each of the High Schools and in 
the Normal School. 

The annual membership fee is $1. 
The officers of the association are: 
President, Miss Mary E. Prentiss; 
treasurer, Mrs. Eobert W. Pofneroy; 



fare 15c. There are two hotels, the 
Li Dorado and the Ontario House. 
The U.S. Military reservation of Fort 
Niagara adjoins Youngstown on the 
north. Fort Niagara Beach, a pic- 
nic grove about a mile from the vil- 
lage, on L. Ontario, is reached by 
street cars. In 1759 a battle was 
fought at Youngstown, in which a 
force of French and Indians coming 
to relieve Fort Niagara was defeated 



223- 



by the English and colonists. The 

fort surrendei;d the next day. In 

the War of 1812, Youugstown was 
burnd by the British. 



Zoological Garden. — The Zoo, as it 
is commonly calld, is located in the 
northeastern part of Delaware Park, 
near Amherst st. and Parkside av., 
and is reached by Main-Zoo cars. 
Facing the entrance from Parkside 



av. is a row of stone bear pits, with 
heavy iron gratings. The dens con- 
nected with these pits are coverd 
with a high mound of earth. There 
are paddocks for hooft animals, cages 
for smaller quadrupeds and for the 
birds, a pool for sea-lions and houses 
for those creatures that need warm 
shelter in winter. The enclosures of 
tiie Zoo cover 17.6 acres. There are 
about 320 specimens in the collec- 
tion at present^ including a lion, 
an elefant, 4 bison, deer, yak, goats, 
foxes, bears, alligators, monkeys, 
eagles, owls and many birds of beau- 
tiful plumage. The curator is Dr. 
Francis A. Cra.ndall. 




BEAR PITS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN 



COMPOSITION BY WM. J. ATWILL. 
PRESS WORK BY UNION AND TIMES PRESS- 



224 



Rare Oia Kosew^ooa ana mabogany furniture 



Om €nd1i$b Sbef f km 
Cut Glass /. Bronzes, etc. 




436-43$ Uirdinia Street 
Buffalo 



TELEPHONE 
Tupper 99 



If you buy anything 
at Slir Antique ^Ijop 

you can always re- 
turn it and receive 
the full purchaseprice 
paid. We ask for no 
explanation. The rise 
in valuation of an- 
tiques makes this a 
good business propo- 
sition for us — it abso- 
lutely protects, you. 



SEVIN'S 

ART STORE 



769 MAIN ST. 

Opposite 
T E C K 

Theatre 

BUFFALO, N.Y, 



Water Color Paintings 

Fine Proof Mezzotints 

Proof Etchings, 
Plain and colored 

Braun's Carbon Photo- 
graphs 

FRAMES, 

Any size or design 
Regilding Frames 



PICTURES RESTORED 



RODDICK'S 

FINE ART STORE 



620 Main Street 



Buffalo, N. Y. 




The largest stock 
Gf PICTURES 
and FRAMES 

in the city 



Illustrated Booklets and Catalogs compiled, 

Indexes made, 

Manuscripts edited and publisht. 

FREDERIK A. FERNALD, 

Editor and Publisher, 

Formerly of Editorial Staff of D. Appleton & Co., Neiv York. 
217 WEST UTIGA ST., BUFFALO, N. Y. - 

FRONTIER FONE, 28651 



CAPITAL, $300,000.00 

SURPLUS and PROFITS, $325,000.00 

DEPOSITS, $4,800,000.00 



A. D. BISSELL, President C. R. HUNTLEY, Vice-President 

E. J. NEWELL, Cashier 
HOWARD BISSELL, Ass't Cashier C. G. FEIL, Ass't Cashier 



THE 



PEOPLES 
BANK 

BUFFALO 



-<^ 



A BANK 



of courtesy and conservatism, 
extending to its depositors a service 
satisfactory and sufficient; interest- 
ed alike in new and old, large and 
small accounts 



ORGANIZED 1856 



Manufacturers & Traders 
National ^ank 



Capital, Surplus and Profits 

2,500,000.00 



ROBERT L. FRYER. President 
FRANKLIN D. LOCKE, Vice-President 
HARRY T. RAMSDELL, Cashier 
SAMUEL ELLIS. Assistant Cashier 
HENRY W. ROOT. Assistant Cashier 
WALTER ASPINWALL, Assistant Cashier 



Safe T) e p s i t and Storage Vaults 




Artists' Model 
Corset 



WITH AND WITHOUT SIDE 
SECTIONS OF ELASTiC 



Combines Ease with 
Elegance 

Comfort with Durability 



Especially Adapted for 
Stout Figures 



N\ 



ARTISTS' 

MODEL Corset Shop 

Miss Carolyn Burrows 
corsetiere 



832 MAIN ST. 



BUFFALO. N. Y. 




GEORGE W. NEWTON 
Principal 

RCSIOCNCE PHONES 

Bryant 1023 
Frontier 662 




H. S. HARROD 

Superintendent 

RESIDENCE PHONE 
TUPPER 8352 



The Byrne 
National Detective Bureau 



(LICENSED AND BONDED) 



CRIMINAL and CIVIL INVESTIGATIONS 

WATCHMAN SERVICE 
GUARD SERVICE 



Correspondents in All Parts of the World 



485-487-491-493 Ellicott SQUARE 

BELL. SENECA 2056 
FRONTIER 329 



BUFFALO, N. Y. 



The WILSON COMPANY 

THE DAYLIGHT STORE 
563-565 Main Street 546-548 Washington Street 

Complete Lines of New Goods 
at the "Best Tossible "Prices 



IN trading with this store, one may be sure of 
getting the choicest selections of new goods. 
We are a new store, hence the goods are but 
lately arrived from the manufacturers and importers. 
This fact in itself leaves no doubt as to where the 
best selection can be made. And our prices are 
right. Our policy is to have the best lines, marked 
at the best possible price consistent with the quality. 
In these two big points you have the whole matter 
in a nutshell. Newness, quality and price, coupled 
with our exceptional facilities and conveniences, 
have built a wonderful trade for us. Come and see 
for yourself. 



Daylight, the best possible light to match delicate shades 
by and to get the correct impression of goods, is here in 
abundance. Glaring artificial light is practically done 
away with. Come and visit Buffalo's DAYLIGHT Store 



Paris Glove Store 

Established 1888 



John T. Ryan 
James D. Laird 



RYAN & LAIRD 

548 - 550 MAIN ST. 

OUR SPECIALTIES 

PARIS KID GLOVES 

FOR MEN AND WOMEN 



Silk Gloves, Men's and Women's Hosiery, 

Umbrellas, Handkerchiefs, Women's Suits, 

Cloaks, Neckwear, Furs, Storm Coats, 

Waists, Skirts and Petticoats 

VISITORS WELCOME TO OUR STORE 

548 - 550 Main Street Near Huron Street 




Bell Phone, Seneca 1483 

Rapid Service Engraving Co. 

HALF- TONES and 
ZINC ETCHINGS 



Cor. Ellicott and Carroll Sts. 



BUFFALO, N. Y. 



fFe are not members of the Engrwvers^ Combine 



BUFFALO GENERAL 
ELECTRIC COMPANY 



Electric Light 



and 



Power Service 



PHONES : 
Seneca 2830 Frontier 2832 



FIDELITY BUILDING, Main and Swan Sts. 



BUFFALO, N. Y. 



R A TJ 'MTTlVf'Q 265-267 Main Street 

X3x1lXvX^ KJ iVA i3 established 1845 

T^/^TT "P T Q nrC WILL FIND THIS STORE ALMOST WHOLLY DEVOTED 
1 yj U IV 1 O 1 O TO INTERESTING FANCY ARTICLES 

Souvenirs of Buffalo and Niagara Falls 

Books of Views Showing all Prominent Points of Interest 

WE HAVE LOTS OF GOODS NOT TO BE FOUND IN ANY OTHER STORE IN BUFFALO 

Leather, Sterling Silver, Glass, China and Metal Novelties 



FINEST IMPORTED TOYS AND DOLLS 



Our Own 



Souvenir Playing Cards 



Copyrighted 



Beautifully Finished, containing 26 Views of Buffalo and 26 Views of 
Niagara's Most Interesting Points 

ASK YOUR JEWELER. STATIONER OR NEWSDEALER FOR THEM 




5H&iloMEWsHRE|a>EiF^?ffii«-i: '' -"^^'.^^m^iifi^vi&Xii:^^ 



WHILE IN NIAGARA FALLS DON'T FAIL TO VISIT 

THE HOME OF SHREDDED WHEAT 

The Cleanest, Finest, Most Hygienic Food Factory in the World 



GRAND HOTEL' 

NEW YORK CITY 

A FAMOUS HOME WITH A 

NEW ANNEX 

ON BROADWAY, at 31st STREET 

One 'Block from Pennsyl<vania R. R. Terminal 

A house made famous through its splendid service, 
and personal attention to patrons — the Grand counts 
its friends by the thousands. Army and Navy people 
stop here, as do all experienced travelers. For more 
excellent living facilities, quiet elegance and sensible 
prices, are hardly obtainable elsewhere. 
As for transportation facilities. New York's subways, 
elevated and surface cars are all practically at the 
door. Theatres and shopping districts also imme- 
diately at hand. 

Splendid Moorish dining rooms are but one of the 
many famous features of the NEW ANNEX. 

ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF 

RATES $1.50 PER DAY UPWARDS 

GEORGE F. HURLBERT, President and General Manager 

GREENHURST ON LAKE CHAUTAUQUA— Open May 1st to Nov. 1st 
50 Large Automobile Stalls 

Guide to New York {with Map) and Special Rate Card sent upon request 



T. & E. DICKINSON & CO. 




JEWELERS. 

DIAMOND 
MERCHANTS. 

WATCH and 
CLOCK 
MAKERS. 

Silversmiths, 

Etc. 



CHINA, 

BRIC-A-BRAC, 

BRONZES. 



472-474 MAIN STREET, BUFFALO, N. Y. 



Buying 

Diamonds 

from 



A. E. SIPE 



Buffalo's 
Only Gem 
Importer 



MEANS ONLY ONE PROFIT FROM CUTTER TO CONSUMER 




. VISIT . 

our store and 

compare our 

prices on 

DIAMONDS 

WATCHES 

JEWELRY 
and 

CUT GLASS 




WE DEFY 

competitors to 
equal our qual- 
ity and prices. 

All Goods Marked 

in 

Plain Figures 



ACCOUNTS OPENED 



A E SIPE ^^^''^ ^ Brisbane Building 

IMPORTER of DIAMONDS BUFFALO, N. Y, 



r,.^,.4.,.^^ n/K^^r. J Audrey House, London, E, C. 
European Offices. \ g tulpstraat, Amsterdam 




034 ilaitt Bt. luffaln. N. 




TRADK .MAKK 



Tou are respectfully invited to call and inspect 
our exclusive styles in 

MILLINERY and NOVELTIES 

Also our own designs of Street Hats and Tujhans^ 
Automobile Veils^ etc. 



680 Main Street 

Buffalo, N.r., U.S.A. 



S. G. RYAN 




BZ^ iKatu ^Xxnt 
luffalrt 



AUTOMOBILE HATS 



VEILINGS 



%nes M. jFlpnn 

MILLINERY 
IMPORTER 

687 MAIN ST. BUFFALO. N. Y. 



SMALL HATS AND TOQUES 
A SPECIALTY 




"^ GROUND FLOOR 



SMITH 

FASHIONABLE HEADWEAR FOR ALL OCCASIONS 



MRS. K. MURPHY 

Furnished Rooms 

Restaurant in Connection 



241 SECOND STREET, 



NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. 



Four Doors South of New York Central Station 



Adams' Restaurant 

A. L. ADAMS, Proprietor 

252 Second St., opposite New York Central Depot 

One Price to All NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. Bell Phone 4153 



HALLIDAY & MORDEN 

Livery and Coach 
Stables 

AUTOMOBILES IN CONNECTION 

335-339 First Street, 
Both Phones 293 Niagara Falls, N.Y. 



Bell Phone 90 Home Phone 12-52-X 

WRIGHT & McVITTIE 
GARAGE 

ALL KINDS OF REPAIRS 
ELECTRIC CHARGING.. 

326 Main Street, Niagara Falls, N.Y. 



EDITH M. COOPER 
China Decorator 

724 WEST DELAVAN AVENUE 
BUFFALO, N. Y. 



Mrs. Natalie R. Fernald 

GENEALOGIST 

Editor of The Genealogical Exchange, 
Registrar of Washington Hts. Chapter 
D.A. R., Washington Hts. Chapter C. 
A. R., and Niagara Frontier Chapter 
U. S. D. of i8i2. 

Original and Supplementary Papers 
Prepared for Candidates for Patri- 
otic Societies. 

Materials Collected for Compilers of 
Family Histories. 

Charges in Proportion to Results 



The Genealogical Exchange 

Family Records, Notes, Queries and 
Answers. 

7th Year ; Monthly. 60 cents a Year. 



217 W. UticaSt. 



Buffalo, N.Y. 



WHITE BUILDING 



Main and Erie Streets 



'Buffalo V Most Modern and 
Up 'to -Date Office Building 



A FEW I) K S 1 R A M L K 

OFFICKS TO RI^NP 



.\n'l.^■ lo 

SEYMOUR P. WHITE 

Office 815 



THE STANDARD 

is that which represents a certain degree of advancement 
and progress ; it is that which serves as a test of measure 
of proficiency. Does your printing show the proper degree 
of advancement and progress in your business ? If you 
are really interested in GOOD PRINTING AT 
A REASONABLE PRICE, send your order to 

EDWARD J. FUNK 

42 Heath St. [ cr " dnl'i oT S ] Buf falo, N. Y. 





AND 



ARTISTIC — Original— Dignified 

ND 

Does Not Cost More Than the Rugged Kind 

Charles C. Gant 

Frontier 297G 53 COAL AND [RON EXCHANGE 




\ Y /HEN in the Realty mairket 


either to buy, sell, rent, insure, 


^^ or to have an 


appraisal 


on your Real Estate holdings. 


we would recommend 


experts in 


their line, and would refer you 


to any of the following firms, who are memhers of the Real 


Estate Association of the Chamb 


er of Commerce and Manufac- 


turers Club, of Buffalo, 


N.Y. 




Atwater, W. T. 




603 White Building 


Boechat Realty Co. 




1 1 Niagara Street 


Colonial Bond & Security Co. 


224 White Building 


Danforth, Frank L. 




309 Mutual Life Building 


Danforth, Frederick W 


. & Co. . 


714 Mutual Life Building 


De Bock, N. Orsini 




68 Erie County Bank Building 


Dimick, Wm. B. - 




1 7 East Mohawk Street 


Gibbs, John W. 




101 D. S. Morgan Building 


Goode & Co., R. W. 




49 Niagara Street 


Gurney & Overturf 




19 South Division Street 


Humphrey & Vandervoort 


Tonawanda, N. Y. 


Hyde Bros. Co. 




206 Pearl Street 


Kilhoffer, Chas. F. ' 




43 Erie County Bank Building 


Klopp, Allen E. 




108 Erie County Bank Building 


Klopp, Edwin D. 




1010 D.S. Morgan Building 


Koons, E. L. 




521 Mutual Life Building 


Kunzie, W. J. J. 




382 William Street 


Littlefield, Ira B. 




75 Erie County Bank Building 


Lincoln, Paul Co. 




18 Court Street 


McMichael & Higley 




44 West Eagle Street 


Markowitz, Louis H. 




131 Military Road 


Mitchell, Geo. W. 




41 1 Mutual Life Building 


Nowicki, S. S. 




607 Fillmore Avenue 


Otto, John & Sons 




202 Pearl Street 


Parke, Hall & Co. 




72 Pearl Street 


Phaiips, H. E. 




85 West Eagle Street 


Squire, Jnp. B. 




1 1 Niagara Street 


Sickels, Geo. H. 




543 Ellicott Square 


Speidel, Wm. Co. 




619 Main Street 


Steeg, Theodore 




571 William Street 


Sweet, Donald C. 




7 East Swan Street 


Warner & Warner 




107 Erie County Bank Building 


White, J. W. 




16 Erie County Bank Building 


Winship, Howard 




1 1 North Division Street 



Whiting Stationery Co. 

*^ Everything for the Office^^ 

Printing and Engraving 

FILING DEVICES AND CARD INDEX SYSTEMS 
Drafting Material, Type Writer Supplies, &c. 



274 and 276 Main Street BUFFALO, N. Y. 



"B ell Phone, 'Bryant 1345 

KATHERINE GEHAN 

Ladies^ Tailor 

Mode de la Tipbe, etc. 
HAND EMBROIDERED SHIRT WAISTS 

%oom 4 Block Block 515 Elmwood Avenue Corner Utica Street 

BUFFALO, N. Y. 



Bell Tupper 9S8-R Frontier 12954 

N. GREENBERG 
Ladies' Tailor and Furrier 



EXCLUSIVE FURS 

A SPECIALTY 



52 W. Chippewa St. 



Buffalo, N. Y. 



Sanitary Clot lies Press Co. 



11 NIAGARA STREET 

Bell, Seneca 10251— Frontier 10683 



77 W. CHIPPEWA ST. 

Bell, Tupper 1479 



French Cleaning and T)yeing a Specialty 
Repairing and Altering done on Short Notice 
Particular Attention given to Ladies'* Work 



Phone for information regarding our monthly contract, under which we 
sponge and press all your clothes for $1.50 per month 



A SEWING COURSE. 

By MARY SCHENCK WOOLMAN, B. S., Professor of 

Domestic Art in Teachers College, Columbia University, 
and Director of the Manhattan Trade School for Girls. 

4th edition, 136 pages, octavo, with 50 diagrams. Price, $1.50; 
interleavd, $3.50; postpaid. 

A standard text-book for normal schools and guide for teachers 
of sev^^ing. The interleavd edition has 31 leaves of bristol 
board bound in, to mount practice pieces upon. 



Index Guide to Buffalo and 
Niagara Falls. 

By FREDERIK A. FERNALD, formerly editor of Apple- 
tons' Dictionary of New York. 

224 pages, 16mo, with 80 illustrations. Price in cloth, 50 cents, 
postage 8 cents; in paper 25 cents, postage 5 cents. 

This is a regular little cyclopedia of Buffalo and vicinity — a 
g^uide to visitors, a counselor and friend to new residents 
and old. 

Books of all Publishers Supplied to Order. 



FREDERIK A. FERNALD, 
PUBLISHER AND BOOKSELLER, 

217 WEST UTICA ST., BUFFALO, N. Y. 

FRONTIER FONE 28651. 



HK197-78 



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